Editing La Rochelle (section)

===Huguenot rebellions===
{{Main|Huguenot rebellions}}
[[File:Entrance to La Rochelle harbour Claude Lorrain 1631.JPG|thumb|left|La Rochelle in 1628 – detail of [[Claude Lorrain]] ''[[:File:Siege of La Rochelle by Claude Lorrain Le Louvre.jpg|Le siège de La Rochelle]]'']]

Under Henry IV, and under the regency of his son [[Louis XIII of France|Louis XIII]], the city enjoyed a certain freedom and prosperity. However, La Rochelle entered into conflict with the authority of the adult Louis, beginning with a [[Huguenot rebellion of 1622|1622 revolt]].<ref name="ZnE0tjj9MbgC p.22">{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZnE0tjj9MbgC&pg=PA22 |title=''Champlain'' |author= Denis Vaugeois |year=2004 |page=22 |publisher=McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP |isbn=9780773528505 |access-date=15 April 2010}}</ref> A fleet from La Rochelle fought a royal fleet of 35 ships under [[Charles, Duke of Guise]], in front of [[Saint-Martin-de-Ré]], but was defeated on 27 October 1622, leading to the signing of the [[Peace of Montpellier]].<ref name="ZnE0tjj9MbgC p.22"/>

====Revolt of Soubise (1625)====
{{Main|Capture of Ré island}}
In 1625, a new Huguenot revolt led by Duke [[Henri de Rohan]] and his brother [[Benjamin de Rohan, duc de Soubise|Soubise]] led to the [[Capture of Ré island]] by the forces of Louis XIII. Soubise conquered large parts of the Atlantic coast, but the supporting fleet of La Rochelle was finally defeated by [[Henri II de Montmorency|Montmorency]], as was Soubise with 3,000 when he led a counter-attack against the royal troops who had landed on the island of Ré.<ref>''Penny cyclopaedia of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful Knowledge'' Page 268 [https://books.google.com/books?id=E9sGAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA268 Google Books]</ref>

====Siege of La Rochelle (1627–1628)====
{{Main|Siege of La Rochelle}}
[[File:Siege of La Rochelle 1881 Henri Motte.png|thumb|[[Cardinal Richelieu]] at the siege of La Rochelle, [[Henri Motte]], 1881]]

Following these events, [[Louis XIII]] and his Chief Minister [[Cardinal Richelieu]] declared the suppression of the Huguenot revolt the first priority of the kingdom. The English came to the support of La Rochelle, starting [[Anglo-French War (1627-1629)|the Anglo-French War]], by sending a major expedition under the [[George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham|Duke of Buckingham]]. The expedition however ended in a fiasco for England with the [[Siege of Saint-Martin-de-Ré (1627)|siege of Saint-Martin-de-Ré]]. Meanwhile, cannon shots were exchanged on 10 September 1627 between La Rochelle and Royal troops. This resulted in the siege of La Rochelle in which [[Cardinal Richelieu]] blockaded the city for 14 months, until the city surrendered and lost its mayor and its privileges.

[[File:Expulsion from La Rochelle of 300 Protestant famillies Nov 1661 Jan Luiken 1649 1712.jpg|thumb|left|Expulsion from La Rochelle of 300 Protestant families in November 1661, [[Jan Luiken]] (1649–1712)]]

The remaining Protestants of La Rochelle suffered new persecutions, when 300 families were again expelled in November 1661, the year [[Louis XIV of France|Louis XIV]] came to power. The reason for the expulsions was that Catholics deeply resented a degree of revival of Protestant ownership of property within the city.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ekSkZXXjVWUC&pg=RA1-PA584|title=Fortress of the Soul: Violence, Metaphysics, and Material Life in the Huguenots' New World, 1517–1751|first=Neil|last=Kamil|date=5 January 2005|publisher=JHU Press|isbn=9780801873904}}</ref>

The growing persecution of the Huguenots culminated with the [[Edict of Fontainebleau (1685)|Revocation of the Edict of Nantes]] by Louis XIV in 1685. Many Huguenots emigrated, founding such cities as [[New Rochelle]] in the vicinity of today's New York in 1689. La Rochelle, and the siege of 1627 form much of the backdrop to the later chapters of [[Alexandre Dumas, père]]'s classic novel, ''[[The Three Musketeers]]''.