Editing Kristallnacht (section)

== Aftermath ==
[[File:Destroyed Ohel Yaaqov Synagogue.jpeg|thumb|upright=1.2|A ruined synagogue in [[Munich]] after ''Kristallnacht'']]
[[File:Synagogue Eisenach burning- Nov 1938.jpg|thumb|upright=1.2|A ruined synagogue in [[Eisenach]] after ''Kristallnacht'']]
The former German [[Kaiser]], [[Wilhelm II]], commented "For the first time, I am ashamed to be German."<ref>''Our German Cousins: Anglo-German Relations in the 19th and 20th Centuries'' (1974) by John Mander, p. 219</ref>

Göring, who was in favor of expropriating the property of the Jews rather than destroying it as had happened in the pogrom, directly complained to ''Sicherheitspolizei'' Chief Heydrich immediately after the events: "I'd rather you had beaten to death two-hundred Jews than destroy so many valuable assets!" (''"Mir wäre lieber gewesen, ihr hättet 200 Juden erschlagen und hättet nicht solche Werte vernichtet!"'').<ref>Döscher, Hans-Jürgen (2000). ''"Reichskristallnacht" – Die Novemberpogrome 1938'' ("'Reichskristallnacht': The November pogroms of 1938"), Econ, 2000, {{ISBN|3-612-26753-1}}, p. 131</ref> Göring met with other members of the Nazi leadership on 12 November to plan the next steps after the riot, setting the stage for formal government action. In the transcript of the meeting, Göring said,

<blockquote>I have received a letter written on the [[Führer]]'s orders requesting that the Jewish question be now, once and for all, coordinated and solved one way or another{{nbsp}}.... I should not want to leave any doubt, gentlemen, as to the aim of today's meeting. We have not come together merely to talk again, but to make decisions, and I implore competent agencies to take all measures for the elimination of the Jew from the German economy, and to submit them to me.<ref>Conot, Robert. ''Justice at Nuremberg'', New York, NY: Harper and Row, 1983, pp. 164–72.</ref></blockquote>

The persecution and economic damage inflicted upon German Jews continued after the pogrom, even as their places of business were ransacked. They were forced to pay ''[[Judenvermögensabgabe]]'', a collective fine or "atonement contribution" of one&nbsp;billion Reichsmarks for the murder of vom Rath (equivalent to €{{Inflation|DE|1|1938}} billion {{Inflation-year|DE}} or 7&nbsp;billion in 2020 USD), which was levied by the compulsory acquisition of 20% of all Jewish property by the state. Six&nbsp;million Reichsmarks of insurance payments for property damage due to the Jewish community were instead paid to the Reich government as "damages to the German Nation". Jews were required to pay for the cost of all damages caused by the pogrom to their residences and businesses.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.chgs.umn.edu/Histories__Narratives__Documen/Documents_from_the_Holocaust/Post-Kristallnacht_Document/post-kristallnacht_document.html |title="JudenVermoegersabgabe" (The Center for Holocaust and Genocide Studies) |access-date=4 May 2006 |archive-date=21 April 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060421030509/http://www.chgs.umn.edu/Histories__Narratives__Documen/Documents_from_the_Holocaust/Post-Kristallnacht_Document/post-kristallnacht_document.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>[[Raul Hilberg]]. ''[[The Destruction of the European Jews]]'', Third Edition, (Yale Univ. Press, 2003, c1961), Ch.3.</ref>{{sfn|Ullrich|2016|p=678}}

The number of emigrating Jews surged, as those who were able to leave, abandoned the country. In the ten months following ''Kristallnacht'', more than 115,000 Jews emigrated from the Reich.<ref>[http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/kristallnacht/frame.htm Jewish emigration from Germany] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130512053328/http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/online/kristallnacht/frame.htm |date=12 May 2013 }} (USHMM)</ref> The majority went to other European countries, the United States or [[Mandatory Palestine]], though at least 14,000 made it to [[Shanghai Ghetto|Shanghai]], [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|China]]. As part of government policy, the Nazis seized houses, shops, and other property the émigrés left behind. Many of the destroyed remains of Jewish property plundered during Kristallnacht were dumped near [[Brandenburg]]. In October 2008, this dumpsite was discovered by [[Yaron Svoray]], an investigative journalist. The site, the size of four football fields, contained an extensive array of personal and ceremonial items looted during the riots against Jewish property and places of worship on the night of 9 November 1938. It is believed the goods were brought by rail to the outskirts of the village and dumped on designated land. Among the items found were glass bottles engraved with the [[Star of David]], [[mezuzot]], painted window sills, and the armrests of chairs found in synagogues, in addition to an ornamental swastika.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/oct/22/secondworldwar-germany|work=The Guardian|location=London|title=Kristallnacht remnants unearthed near Berlin|first=Kate|last=Connolly|date=22 October 2008|access-date=7 May 2010|archive-date=3 September 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130903092646/http://www.theguardian.com/world/2008/oct/22/secondworldwar-germany|url-status=live}}</ref>