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===Malay theory=== ''Ketchup'' may have entered the English language from the [[Malay language|Malay]] word {{Lang|ms|kicap}} ({{IPA|ms|kitสap|pron}}, sometimes spelled {{Lang|ms|kecap}} or {{Lang|ms|ketjap}}). Originally meaning "soy sauce", the word itself derives from Chinese.<ref name="oed">{{Cite web |title=Ketchup |url=https://www.etymonline.com/search?q=ketchup |access-date=8 December 2020 |website=Online Etymology Dictionary}}</ref> In [[Indonesian cuisine]], which is similar to [[Malay cuisine|Malay]], the term {{Lang|id|kecap}} refers to fermented savory sauces. Two main types are well known in their cuisine: {{Lang|id|kecap asin}}, which translates to "salty {{Lang|id|kecap}}" in [[Indonesian language|Indonesian]] (a salty soy sauce) and {{Lang|id|kecap manis}} or "sweet {{Lang|id|kecap}}" in Indonesian. {{Lang|id|Kecap manis}} is a [[sweet soy sauce]] that is a mixture of soy sauce with brown sugar, molasses, garlic, ginger, anise, coriander and a bay leaf reduced over medium heat until rather syrupy. A third type, {{Lang|id|kecap ikan}}, meaning "fish {{Lang|id|kecap}}" is [[fish sauce]] similar to the [[Thai cuisine|Thai]] ''[[nam pla]]'' or the [[Philippine cuisine|Philippine]] ''[[Patis (sauce)|patis]]''. It is not, however, soy-based.
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