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===Asia=== ==== Hong Kong ==== In [[Hong Kong]], court proceedings are conducted in either English or [[Hong Kong Cantonese]] (a dialect of [[Yue Chinese]]). Judges of Hong Kong retain many of the English traditions such as wearing wigs and robes in trials. In the lower courts, magistrates are addressed as ''Your worship'', and district court judges as ''Your Honour''. In the superior courts of record, namely the [[Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal]] and the [[High Court of Hong Kong]] (which consists of the [[Court of Appeal (Hong Kong)|Court of Appeal]] and the [[Court of First Instance (Hong Kong)|Court of First Instance]]), judges are addressed as ''My Lord'' or ''My Lady'' and referred to as ''Your Lordship'' or ''Your Ladyship'', following the English tradition. In writing, the post-nominal letters ''PJ'' is used to refer to a permanent judge of the Court of Final Appeal and ''NPJ'' to a non-permanent judge. In the High Court, the abbreviation ''JA'' is used to denote a justice of appeal, and the letter ''J'' refers to a judge of the Court of First Instance. [[Master (judiciary)|Masters]] of the High Court are addressed as ''Master''. When trials are conducted in Chinese, judges were addressed, in Cantonese, as ''Fat Goon Dai Yan'' ({{Langx|yue|法官大人|lit=Judge, your lordship|translit= faat3 gun1 daai6 jan4 |label=[[Hong Kong Cantonese]]}}) before the transfer of sovereignty from the United Kingdom to China, and as ''Fat Goon Gok Ha'' ({{Langx|yue|法官閣下|links=no|lit=Judge, your honour|translit=faat3 gun1 gok3 haa6|label= Hong Kong Cantonese}}) since 1997. ''Fat Goon'' ({{Langx|yue|法官|links=no|lit=Judge|translit=faat gun1|label=Hong Kong Cantonese}}) means the word "judge". ==== India ==== [[File:The Native Judges.jpg|thumb|These drawings were taken from life in 1758. From left to right, top row: 1. Interpreter, Rhowangee Sewagee. 2. Judge of the Hindoo Law, Antoba Crustnagee Pundit. 3. Hindoo Officer, Lellather Chatta Bhutt. From left to right, bottom row: 4. Officer to the Mooremen, Mahmoud Ackram of the Codjee order or priesthood of the cast of Moormens. 5. Judge of the Mohomedan Law, Cajee Husson. 6. Haveldar, or summoning Officer, Mahmound Ismael'.]] In India, judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts were addressed as ''Your Lordship'' or ''My Lord'' and ''Your Ladyship'' or ''My Lady'', a tradition directly attributable to England. The [[Bar Council of India]] had adopted a resolution in April 2006 and added a new Rule 49(1)(j) in the [[Legal practice laws in India|Advocates Act]]. As per the rule, lawyers can address the court as ''Your Honour'' and refer to it as ''Honourable Court''. If it is a subordinate court, lawyers can use terms such as ''sir'' or any equivalent phrase in the regional language concerned. Explaining the rationale behind the move, the Bar Council had held that the words such as ''My Lord'' and ''Your Lordship'' were "relics of the colonial past". The resolution has since been circulated to all state councils and the Supreme Court for adoption but over five years now, the resolution largely remained on paper. However, in an unprecedented move in October 2009, one of the judges of [[Madras High Court|Madras HC]], Justice K Chandru had banned lawyers from addressing his court as ''My Lord'' and ''Your Lordship''. ====Israel==== {{main|Hebrew Bible judges}} In Israel, the judges ({{Langx|he|שופט{{popdf}}|lit=judge|translit=shofét}}) of all courts are addressed as ''Sir'', ''Madam'' ({{Langx|he|אדוני{{popdf}}/גבירתי{{popdf}}|link=no|translit=adoni/geverti}}) or ''Your Honor'' ({{Langx|he|כבודו{{popdf}}/כבודה{{popdf}}|link=no|translit=kevodo/kevoda}}). Typically after every naming you will hear ''haShofét'', meaning "the judge" after the respective address. For example, ''Your Honor the Judge'' would be {{Langx|he|כבוד השופט{{popdf}}|label=none}} (''kevod haShofét''). ==== [[Kazakh Khanate]] ==== [[Biy]] - elected judges using [[adat]] [[Zheti Zhargy]]. The {{ill|Council of biys|kk|Билер кеңесі|ru|Совет биев}} was the highest council, a kind of [[senate]]. ==== Malaysia ==== In Malaysia, judges of the subordinate courts are addressed as ''Tuan'' or ''Puan'' ("Sir", "Madam"), or ''Your Honour''. Judges of the superior courts are addressed as ''Yang Arif'' ({{lit.|Learned One}}) or ''My Lord'', ''My Lady'', etc.; and ''Your Lordship'' or ''My Ladyship'' if the proceedings, as they generally are in the superior courts, are in English. ==== Pakistan ==== In Pakistan, judges of the Supreme Court and the High Courts are addressed as ''Your Lordship'' or ''My Lord'' or ''Lordship'' and ''Your Ladyship'' or ''My Lady'', a tradition directly attributable to England. There is some resistance to this on religious grounds but more or less continues till this day. In lower courts, judges are addressed as ''sir'', ''madam'' or the [[Urdu]] equivalent ''Janab'' or ''Judge Sahab''. ==== Sri Lanka ==== In [[Sri Lanka]], judges of most courts are addressed as ''Your Honour''; however, the [[Chief Justice of Sri Lanka|Chief Justice]] is addressed as ''Your Lordship''. Judges of the [[Supreme Court of Sri Lanka|Supreme Court]] and the Appeal Court receives the title ''The Honourable''.{{Citation needed|date=November 2009}} ====Vietnam==== Judges in [[Vietnam]] are addressed as ''{{lang|vi|Quý tòa}}'' (literally the "Honorable Court").
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