Editing Jahangir (section)

=== Politics ===
Jahangir is widely considered to have been a weak and incapable ruler.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lach |first1=Donald F. |last2=Kley |first2=Edwin J. Van |title=Asia in the Making of Europe Vol. III, Bk. 2: A Century of Advance, South Asia |date=1998 |publisher=University of Chicago Press |location=Chicago |isbn=978-0-226-46767-2 |page=629 |edition=Pbk.}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Flores |first1=Jorge |title=The Mughal Padshah: A Jesuit Treatise on Emperor Jahangir's Court and Household |date=2015 |publisher=Brill|isbn=978-90-04-30753-7 |page=9 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Schimmel |first1=Annemarie |author-link=Annemarie Schimmel |editor-last=Waghmar |editor-first=Burzine K. |translator-last=Attwood |translator-first=Corinne |title=The empire of the Great Mughals: history, art and culture |date=2005 |publisher=Sang-E-Meel Pub. |location=Lahore |isbn=978-1-86189-185-3 |page=[https://archive.org/details/empireofgreatmug00anne/page/45 45] |edition=Revised |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/empireofgreatmug00anne/page/45 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Hansen |first1=Valerie |last2=Curtis |first2=Ken |title=Voyages in World History, Volume 1 to 1600 |date=2013 |publisher=Cengage Learning |isbn=978-1-285-41512-3 |page=446 |language=en}}</ref> Orientalist [[Henry Beveridge (orientalist)|Henry Beveridge]] (editor of the ''[[Tuzk-e-Jahangiri]]'') compares Jahangir to the Roman emperor [[Claudius]], for both were "weak men... in their wrong places as rulers... [and had] Jahangir been head of a Natural History Museum,... [he] would have been [a] better and happier man."{{sfn|Findly|1993|p=311}} Further he notes, "He made no addition to the imperial territories, but on the contrary, diminished them by losing Qandahar to the Persians. But possibly his peaceful temper, or his laziness,  was an advantage, for it saved much bloodshed. His greatest fault as a king was his subservience to his  wife, Nur-Jahan, and the consequent quarrel with  his son, Shah Jahan, who was the ablest and best of his male children".<ref>{{cite book|last1=Beveridge|first1=Henry|title=Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri|publisher=Royal Asiatic Society, London|volume=II|page=6(preface)|url=https://indianculture.gov.in/rarebooks/tuzuk-l-jahangiri-or-memoris-jahangir-thirteenth-beginning-nineteenth-year-his-reign|access-date=31 August 2022|archive-date=31 August 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220831183934/https://indianculture.gov.in/rarebooks/tuzuk-l-jahangiri-or-memoris-jahangir-thirteenth-beginning-nineteenth-year-his-reign|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Sir William Hawkins]], who visited Jahangir's court in 1609, said: "In such short that what this man's father, called Ecber Padasha [Badshah Akbar], got of the [[Deccan Plateau|Deccans]], this king, Selim Sha [Jahangir] beginneth to lose."{{sfn|Findly|1993|p=311}} Italian writer and traveller, [[Niccolao Manucci]], who worked under Jahangir's grandson, [[Dara Shikoh]], began his discussion of Jahangir by saying: "It is a truth tested by experience that sons dissipate what their fathers gained in the sweat of their brow."{{sfn|Findly|1993|p=311}}

According to [[John F. Richards]], Jahangir's frequent withdrawal to a private sphere of life was partly reflective of his indolence, brought on by his addiction to a considerable daily dosage of wine and opium.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Richards |first1=John F |title=The New Cambridge History of India: Mughal Empire |date=2008 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Delhi |isbn=978-81-85618-49-4 |page=102}}</ref>