Editing Jack Charlton (section)

===Republic of Ireland===
Charlton was approached by the [[Football Association of Ireland|FAI]] to manage the [[Republic of Ireland national football team|Republic of Ireland]] in December 1985.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=195}}</ref> His appointment was controversial in Ireland at the time due to his status as an Englishman.<ref>{{cite web | url= https://www.theguardian.com/tv-and-radio/2021/mar/29/finding-jack-charlton-review-how-an-englishman-became-an-irish-hero | title=Finding Jack Charlton review – how an Englishman became an Irish hero | work=The Guardian | first=Stuart | last=Jeffries | date=29 March 2021 |access-date=19 July 2024}}</ref> His first game in charge was on 26 March 1986 against [[Wales national football team|Wales]] at [[Lansdowne Road]] which ended in a 1–0 defeat.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.soccerscene.ie/ss_gen/matchdetails.php?id=222&level=sssenior|title=Republic of Ireland 0 Wales 1|date=26 March 1986|work=SoccerScene.ie|access-date=16 December 2009}}</ref> 
In May 1986, Ireland won the [[Iceland Triangular Tournament]] at [[Laugardalsvöllur]], in [[Iceland]]'s capital of [[Reykjavík]], with a 2–1 victory over [[Iceland national football team|Iceland]] and a 1–0 win over [[Czechoslovakia national football team|Czechoslovakia]].<ref name=":5">{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=207}}</ref> By this time, Charlton had developed his tactics, which were based on the traditional British 4–4–2 system, as opposed to the continental approach of using deep-lying midfielders, as he noted that most of the Ireland international players plied their trade in England.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=205}}</ref> Crucially, he instructed all members of his team to pressure opposition players and, in particular, force ball-playing defenders into mistakes.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=206}}</ref>

====Euro 1988====
[[UEFA Euro 1988 qualifying|Qualification]] for [[UEFA Euro 1988|Euro 1988]] in West Germany meant winning [[UEFA Euro 1988 qualifying Group 7|a group]] containing Belgium, [[Bulgaria national football team|Bulgaria]], [[Luxembourg national football team|Luxembourg]] and [[Scotland national football team|Scotland]]. The campaign opened with Belgium at the [[King Baudouin Stadium|Heysel Stadium]], and though Ireland contained danger man [[Nico Claesen]], they had to settle for a 2–2 draw after conceding twice from corner-kicks; [[Frank Stapleton]] and [[Liam Brady]] scored the goals for Ireland.<ref name= "page 214">{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=214}}</ref> They then dominated Scotland at [[Lansdowne Road]], but failed to find the net and instead drew 0–0.<ref name="page 214"/> In the return fixture at [[Hampden Park]] [[Mark Lawrenson]] scored an early goal and another clean sheet won the Irish their first win of qualification.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton |1996|p=215}}</ref> The campaign faltered with a 2–1 loss in Bulgaria, though Charlton was furious with referee [[Carlos Silva Valente]] as he felt that both of [[Lachezar Tanev]]'s goals should not have counted as [[Nasko Sirakov]] allegedly pushed [[Mick McCarthy]] in the build-up to the first and he felt that Sirakov was outside the penalty box when he was fouled by [[Kevin Moran (footballer)|Kevin Moran]] – Valente instead gave a penalty.<ref name="page 216">{{harvnb|Charlton |1996 |p=216}}</ref> They picked up another point after a 0–0 draw with Belgium in [[Dublin]].<ref name="page 216"/> Despite not particularly impressing, Ireland then picked up four points with two victories over Luxembourg.<ref name="page 217">{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=217}}</ref> They ended the campaign with a 2–0 home win over Bulgaria, [[Paul McGrath (footballer)|Paul McGrath]] and Kevin Moran the scorers, though Liam Brady (an ever-present in qualification) picked up a two-match suspension after lashing out late in the game after being repeatedly kicked by Bulgarian midfielder [[Ayan Sadakov]].<ref name="page 217"/><ref>{{cite news |title=Shattered Dreams and Bones in Bulgar Battles|date= 25 March 2009 |work=Irish Independent |location = Dublin |url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/columnists/vincent-hogan/shattered-dreams-and-bones-in-bulgar-battles-26523674.html |publisher=independent.ie|first = Vincent|last = Hogan}}</ref> Despite the victory the Irish had to rely on a favour from the Scots in order to qualify, who duly obliged with a 1–0 victory, courtesy of [[Gary Mackay]] – a substitute earning his first cap – in [[Sofia]] to keep Bulgaria one point behind Ireland in the table.<ref name="page 217"/>

{{Quote box|quote="...&nbsp;every player we brought into the squad considered himself Irish&nbsp;... Had it not been for the economic circumstances which forced their parents or grandparents to emigrate, they would have been born and reared in Ireland. Should they now be victimized and denied their heritage because of the whims of journalists? I think not."|source=— Charlton responded to critics who noted the high percentage of Ireland internationals during his time as manager who had been born and raised in Britain.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=221}}</ref>|width=30%|align=right}}

The build up to Euro 1988 in [[West Germany]] was far from ideal, as key player Mark Lawrenson was forced to retire after injuring his Achilles tendon, Liam Brady picked up a serious knee injury and [[Mark Kelly (footballer, born 1969)|Mark Kelly]] was also injured.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=224}}</ref> The first match of the tournament was against [[England national football team|England]] at the [[MHPArena|Neckarstadion]], and Charlton reasoned that the threat posed by English wingers [[Chris Waddle]] and [[John Barnes (footballer)|John Barnes]] could be nullified by allowing the English defence to feel comfortable on the ball without allowing them a pass; this made the build-up play slow and containable.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=228}}</ref> His game-plan worked and Ireland claimed a 1–0 win after [[Ray Houghton]] secured an early lead.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=229}}</ref> He then compensated for a series of injuries by playing [[Ronnie Whelan]] and [[Kevin Sheedy (Irish footballer)|Kevin Sheedy]] in central midfield, and was rewarded with a great performance and a good point in a 1–1 draw with the [[Soviet Union national football team|Soviet Union]] at the [[Niedersachsenstadion]], Whelan scoring the goal.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=230}}</ref> To qualify they only needed a point against the [[Netherlands national football team|Netherlands]] at the [[Parkstadion]], and Charlton devised a time-wasting plan with goalkeeper [[Packie Bonner]] that he was forced to abandon after referee [[Horst Brummeier]] was less than impressed.<ref name="page 231">{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=231}}</ref> Ireland lost the game 1–0 after [[Wim Kieft]] scored an 82nd-minute goal.<ref name="page 231"/> England and Ireland were eliminated while Netherlands and the Soviet Union qualified – both teams would go on to contest [[UEFA Euro 1988 Final|the final]], which the Dutch won 2–0.<ref>{{cite web |title=UEFA Euro 1988 |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/history/seasons/1988/matches/ |website=[[UEFA]] |access-date=11 July 2020 |language=en}}</ref>

====1990 World Cup====
[[1990 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)|Qualification]] for the [[1990 FIFA World Cup|1990 World Cup]] in Italy required Charlton to mastermind a top two finish in [[1990 FIFA World Cup qualification – UEFA Group 6|a group]] consisting of [[Spain men's national football team|Spain]], [[Hungary national football team|Hungary]], [[Northern Ireland national football team|Northern Ireland]] and [[Malta national football team|Malta]]. The campaign started on hostile ground at [[Belfast]]'s [[Windsor Park]], and he had stand-in goalkeeper [[Gerry Peyton]] to thank for the point gained from a goalless draw with Northern Ireland.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=236}}</ref> A series of injuries left only a skeleton squad to face Spain at the [[Estadio Benito Villamarín]], leaving a recall for defender [[David O'Leary]], and Ireland were beaten 2–0.<ref name="page 237">{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=237}}</ref> They then left [[Budapest]]'s [[Ferenc Puskás Stadium|Népstadion]] with a point from another goalless draw. However, they were criticised for not taking all two points after dominating the game.<ref name="page 237"/> The next four fixtures would be played at Lansdowne Road, and all four games ended in victory. First, they beat Spain 1–0 after an own goal from [[Míchel (footballer, born 1963)|Míchel]], then they overcame Malta and Hungary with 2–0 wins before beating Northern Ireland 3–0.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=240}}</ref> Qualification for Ireland's first World Cup was assured at the [[Ta' Qali National Stadium]] after [[John Aldridge]] scored both goals in another 2–0 victory.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=244}}</ref>

Ireland's [[1990 FIFA World Cup Group F|group]] opponents in [[Italy|Italia]] '90 were England, [[Egypt national football team|Egypt]] and the Netherlands. Charlton felt that England's four-man midfield of Waddle, Barnes, [[Bryan Robson]] and [[Paul Gascoigne]] did not offer enough protection to the back four, and he was proved correct when Kevin Sheedy cancelled out [[Gary Lineker]]'s opener to secure a 1–1 draw in the group opener at the [[Stadio Sant'Elia]].<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=252}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=8sBUAAAAIBAJ&pg=4981,3490001&dq=jack+charlton&hl=en |title=Lethal Dose of Sheedy |date=13 June 1990 |page=26 |work=New Straits Times |access-date=18 June 2013}}</ref> A poor performance against a negative Egyptian side at the [[Stadio Renzo Barbera|Stadio La Favorita]] meant that neither side scored a goal in a dour draw.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=253}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=x8G803Bi31IC&dat=19900618&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |title=Egypt Block Irish Hustle |date=18 June 1990 |page=32 |work=New Straits Times |access-date=18 June 2013}}</ref> They ended the group with a 1–1 draw with the Dutch, [[Niall Quinn]] cancelling out [[Ruud Gullit]]'s opener in the 71st minute, after which both sides settled for a stalemate as a draw meant that both qualified ahead of Egypt.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=254}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=x8G803Bi31IC&dat=19900623&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |title=Ireland 1 Holland 1 |date=23 June 1990 |page=22 |work=New Straits Times |access-date=18 June 2013}}</ref> Ireland then defeated [[Romania national football team|Romania]] in the Second Round match at the [[Stadio Luigi Ferraris]] which went to [[Penalty shoot-out (association football)|penalties]] after a 0–0 draw, before the whole team had a meeting with [[Pope John Paul II]] at the [[Vatican City|Vatican]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=x8G803Bi31IC&dat=19900626&printsec=frontpage&hl=en |title=Irish in Last Eight |date=26 June 1990 |page=24 |work=New Straits Times |access-date=18 June 2013}}</ref>

One of the most iconic moments from Ireland's unexpected success in ''[[1990 FIFA World Cup|Italia 90]]'', (the 1990 FIFA World Cup), took place at [[Walkinstown]] roundabout, Dublin on 25 June 1990 after Ireland beat Romania on penalties.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dennehy|first=Mary|date=2020-07-29|title=Iconic scenes at Walkinstown roundabout to remember Jack|url=https://www.echo.ie/iconic-scenes-at-walkinstown-roundabout-to-remember-jack/|access-date=2022-09-05|website=[[The Echo (Dublin newspaper)|The Echo]]|language=en}}</ref> Crowds emerged from the nearby public houses of the Kestrel and Cherry Tree and invaded the roundabout to celebrate the win. Amateur footage of the joyous scenes became synonymous with Ireland's success that year and epitomised the sense of hope which prevailed throughout the country, especially after a decade of economic recession.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Barry|first=Stephen|date=2020-07-21|title=Italia '90 scenes at Walkinstown Roundabout as Ireland pays tribute to Jack Charlton|url=https://www.irishexaminer.com/sport/soccer/arid-40019342.html|access-date=2022-09-05|website=[[The Irish Examiner]]|language=en}}</ref> After Charlton died in 2020, fans gathered at the roundabout to recreate the moment and pay their respects to the past manager.<ref name = gatav>{{Cite web|last=Gataveckaite|first=Gabija|date=2020-07-21|title=Italia 90 scenes revisited as Ireland fans pay tribute to Jack Charlton at Walkinstown Roundabout|url=https://www.independent.ie/sport/soccer/international-soccer/italia-90-scenes-revisited-as-ireland-fans-pay-tribute-to-jack-charlton-at-walkinstown-roundabout-39385298.html|access-date=2022-09-05|website=[[The Irish Independent]]|language=en}}</ref>

Ireland eventually went out to the host country, [[Italy national football team|Italy]], 1–0 in the quarter-finals at the [[Stadio Olimpico]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/07/01/sports/world-cup-90-italy-reaches-semifinals.html |title=Italy Reaches Semifinals |date=1 July 1990 |work=The New York Times |access-date=18 June 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://observer.guardian.co.uk/irelandfootball/story/0,,586461,00.html |title=Schillaci ends Irish odyssey |date=1 July 1990 |work=Observer |access-date=19 June 2013}}</ref> A lapse of concentration meant that Italy's [[Salvatore Schillaci]] scored on 38 minutes. Ireland failed to build up enough chances to find the equalising goal.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=261}}</ref> After returning to [[Dublin]], over 500,000 people turned out to welcome the team back.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=262}}</ref>

====Euro 1992 qualifying====
Qualification for [[UEFA Euro 1992|Euro 1992]] in Sweden left Ireland facing [[UEFA Euro 1992 qualifying Group 7|a group]] of England, [[Poland national football team|Poland]] and [[Turkey national football team|Turkey]]. They opened in style with a 5–0 home win over the Turks and then drew 1–1 home and away with the English; Ireland were the better team than England in both encounters, and Charlton said that they "twice let them off the hook" after Houghton missed easy chances in both games.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=269}}</ref> A 0–0 draw at home with Poland followed, and they were then leading 3–1 in the return fixture in [[Poznań]] but conceded two late goals to end the match at 3–3.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=270}}</ref> Ireland beat Turkey 3–1 in [[Istanbul]] despite the intimidating atmosphere of the [[BJK İnönü Stadium|İnönü Stadium]], but were denied a place in the tournament as England scored a late equalizing goal in Poland to secure the point that would take them above Ireland in the group.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=271}}</ref>

====1994 World Cup====
To [[1994 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)|qualify]] for the [[1994 FIFA World Cup|1994 World Cup]] in the US, Ireland had to finish first or second in a [[1994 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA – Group 3)|seven-team group]] of Spain, [[UEFA Euro 1992|European champions]] [[Denmark national football team|Denmark]], Northern Ireland, [[Lithuania national football team|Lithuania]], [[Latvia national football team|Latvia]], and [[Albania national football team|Albania]]. Lithuania, Latvia, and Albania proved to be little threat to the Irish, and both home and away matches against these three teams earned Ireland the maximum of two points. The two most difficult fixtures – Denmark and Spain away – ended in goalless draws. John Aldridge had a goal disallowed for offside against the Spanish which even Spain manager [[Javier Clemente]] said should have stood.<ref name="page 273">{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=273}}</ref> Ireland then beat Northern Ireland 3–0 at home before settling for a 1–1 draw with Denmark.<ref name="page 273"/> The qualification campaign was then derailed in the opening 26 minutes of the home tie with Spain as the Spanish took a three-goal lead; the game ended 3–1, with [[John Sheridan (footballer)|John Sheridan]]'s late consolation eventually proving crucial at the end of the campaign.<ref name="page 276">{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=276}}</ref> The final game was in Belfast against Northern Ireland during a tense period of [[The Troubles]].<ref name="page 276"/> [[Jimmy Quinn (footballer, born 1959)|Jimmy Quinn]] put Northern Ireland into the lead on 74 minutes, but four minutes later [[Alan McLoughlin]] scored the equalising goal to allow the Republic of Ireland to secure second place in the group due to their superior goals scored tally over Denmark.<ref name="page 278">{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=278}}</ref> When Quinn scored Northern Ireland assistant manager [[Jimmy Nicholl]] shouted "Up yours!" to his counterpart [[Maurice Setters]] (Charlton's assistant); in response to this Charlton approached Northern Ireland manager [[Billy Bingham]] at the final whistle and told him "Up yours too, Billy".<ref name="page 278"/>

In the build up to the World Cup Charlton gave out first caps to [[Gary Kelly (footballer, born 1974)|Gary Kelly]], [[Phil Babb]] and [[Jason McAteer]]; he had difficulty convincing McAteer to join Ireland as he first had to turn down an approach by [[The Football Association|the FA]] to play for the [[England national under-21 football team|England under-21]]s.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=282}}</ref> He scheduled difficult matches before the tournament and Ireland picked up positive results by beating both the Netherlands and [[Germany national football team|Germany]] away from home.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=283}}</ref> Ireland opened [[1994 FIFA World Cup Group E|the group stage]] of the tournament by beating Italy 1–0 at the [[Giants Stadium]], Ray Houghton scoring the winning goal on 11 minutes.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=289}}</ref> They then fell to a 2–1 defeat to [[Mexico national football team|Mexico]] at the [[Camping World Stadium|Florida Citrus Bowl Stadium]], during which Charlton had a pitch-side argument with an official who was preventing substitute John Aldridge (who went on to score the consolation goal) from taking the pitch minutes after his teammate Tommy Coyne had left the pitch and sat down on the bench.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=293}}</ref> For his arguing, Charlton was suspended by [[FIFA]] for the final group game against [[Norway national football team|Norway]], and had to watch from the commentary box as Ireland qualified with a 0–0 draw.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=294}}</ref> They faced the Netherlands in the Round of 16; [[Dennis Bergkamp]] put the Dutch ahead on 11 minutes after [[Marc Overmars]] took advantage of a mistake by [[Terry Phelan]], and [[Wim Jonk]] scored the second and final goal of the game from 30 yards after Packie Bonner fluffed an otherwise routine save.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=295}}</ref> For his achievements Charlton was awarded the [[Freedom of the City of Dublin]] in 1994 by [[Lord Mayor of Dublin|Lord Mayor]] [[Tomás Mac Giolla]], the first Englishman to be given the honour since 1854.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=296}}</ref>

====Euro 1996 qualifying====
Ireland failed to [[UEFA Euro 1996 qualifying|qualify]] for [[UEFA Euro 1996|Euro 1996]] in England, despite a strong start to [[UEFA Euro 1996 qualifying Group 6|the group]], when they won their opening three games, including a 4–0 win against Northern Ireland. The Republic's next game was also against Northern Ireland, although the result was a 1–1 draw. From that point onwards, the Republic stuttered badly as injuries struck down key players [[Roy Keane]], [[Andy Townsend]], John Sheridan and [[Steve Staunton]].<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=299}}</ref> After beating the highly fancied [[Portugal national football team|Portugal]], the Irish then endured an embarrassing 0–0 draw to [[Liechtenstein national football team|Liechtenstein]] (this was Liechtenstein's only point in their ten matches), before losing twice to [[Austria national football team|Austria]], on both occasions by three goals to one. Although they defeated [[Latvia national football team|Latvia]], Ireland needed to beat Portugal in [[Lisbon]] to qualify outright but lost 3–0. They finished second in the group, ahead of Northern Ireland on goal difference, but as the worst performing runners-up they had to win a play-off game at [[Anfield]] against the Netherlands; Ireland lost 2–0 after a brace from [[Patrick Kluivert]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Play-offs – 13/12/1995 – 21:00CET (20:00 local time) – Anfield – Liverpool |url=https://www.uefa.com/uefaeuro/match/52312--republic-of-ireland-vs-netherlands/ |access-date=8 January 2014 |publisher=[[UEFA]]}}</ref> Charlton resigned shortly after the game.

{{Blockquote|In my heart of hearts, I knew I'd wrung as much as I could out of the squad I'd got – that some of my older players had given me all they had to give.|Charlton spoke in his autobiography about his decision to retire.<ref>{{harvnb|Charlton|1996|p=298}}</ref>}}