Editing Inverness (section)

==Demography==
===Toponymy===
[[File:Inverness, Capital of the Highlands (40440582462).jpg|thumb|right|Inverness is often regarded as the Capital of the Highlands]]
 
Inverness and its immediate hinterland have a large number of originally Gaelic place names, as the area was solidly Gaelic-speaking until the late 19th century.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.polfest.org/vli/language/gaelic/pdfs/placenamesA-B.pdf |title=A'Chleit (Argyll), A' Chleit |access-date=14 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727181628/http://www.polfest.org/vli/language/gaelic/pdfs/placenamesA-B.pdf |archive-date=27 July 2011 |url-status=dead  }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
! Placename
! Original Gaelic
! English Translation
|-
| Abertarff
| Obar Thairbh
| Mouth of the Bull River
|-
| [[Aldourie]]
| Allt Dobhraig
| River of the Water
|-
| [[Allanfearn]]
| An t-Àilean Feàrna
| The Alder Meadow
|-
| Ardconnel
| Àird a' Choin Ghil
| High Place of the White Dog
|-
| Aultnaskiach
| Allt na Sgitheach
| The Hawthorn River
|-
|[[Ballifeary]]
| Baile na Faire
| The Guard's Farm
|-
| Balloan
| Baile an Lòin
| Meadow Town
|-
| [[Balloch, Highland|Balloch]]
| Baile an Locha
| Township near the loch
|-
| Balmore
| Baile Mòr
| The Big Township
|-
| [[Balnafettack]]
| Baile nam Feadag
| Farm of the Plovers
|-
| Balvonie
| Bhaile a' Mhonaidh
| Village on the hill
|-
| Balvraid
| Baile a' Bhràghaid
| Township of the Brae
|-
| [[Beauly Firth]]
| Poll an Ròid
| Bay of the Cross
|-
| [[Ben Wyvis]]
| Beinn Uais
| High or lofty mountain / Mount Terror
|-
| Bogbain
| Bog Ban
| The White Marsh
|-
| [[Bunchrew]]
| Bun Chraoibh
| Foot of the Tree
|-
| Carnarc
| Càrn Airc
| The Sea Stone
|-
| Castle Heather
| Caisteal Leathoir
| Castle on the Slope
|-
| Charleston
| Baile Theàrlaich
| Tearlach's Town
|-
| [[Clachnaharry]]
| Clach na h-Aithrigh
| Stone of Repentance
|-
| Craggie
| Cragaidh
| Rocky Place
|-
| Craig Dunain
| Creag Dùn Eun
| Rocky Bird Hill
|-
| [[Croftnacreich]]
| Croit na Chrithich
| The Aspen Hut
|-
| Crown
| Crùn
| Crown
|-
| Croy
| Chrothaigh
| Hard Place
|-
| [[Culcabock]]
| Cùil na Càbaig
| Back of the Tillage Land
|-
| Culduthel
| Cuil Daothail
| Quiet northern spot
|-
| [[Culloden, Highland|Culloden]]
| Cùil Lodair
| Nook of the Marsh
|-
| [[Dalcross Castle|Dalcross]]
| Dealgros
| Prickle Point
|-
| [[Dalneigh]]
| Dail an Eich
| Field of the Horse
|-
| Dalmagarry
| Dail Mac Gearraidh
| The Meadow of Garry's son
|-
| Dell
| Dail MhicEachainn
| MacEachen's Meadow
|-
| Diriebught
| Tìr nam Bochd
| Land of the Poor
|-
| Dochfour
| Dabhach Phùir
| Davoch of Pasture Land
|-
| [[Dochgarroch]]
| Dabhach Gairbheach
| Rough Davoch
|-
| [[Dores, Highland|Dores]]
| Dubhras
| Black Wood
|-
| Drumdevan
| Druim Dìomhain
| The Idle Ridge
|-
| Drummond
| An Druimein
| The Ridge
|-
| Drumossie
| Druim Athaisidh
| Ridge of the Great Meadow
|-
| [[Essich]]
| Easaich
| Place of the Stream
|-
| [[Inshes]]
| Na h-Innseagan
| The Meadows
|-
| Inverness
| Inbhir Nis
| Mouth of the River Ness
|-
| Kessock
| Ceasaig
| (Saint) Ceasaig
|-
| Kilmuir
| Cille Mhoire
| Mary's Church
|-
| Kilvean
| Cill Bheathain
| Church of St.Bain
|-
| Kinmylies
| Ceann a' Mhìlidh
| The Warrior's Head
|-
| Lairgmore
| Luirg Mór
| Big slope
|-
| [[Leachkin]]
| Leacainn
| Broad Hillside
|-
| [[Loch Ness]]
| Loch Nis
| Headlands Lake
|-
| [[Lochardil]]
| Loch Àrdail
| The Church Lake
|-
| Longman
| Long Mìn
| Field of the Ship / Ship Flat
|-
| [[Merkinch]]
| Marc Innis
| The Horse Meadow
|-
|[[Millburn, Inverness|Millburn]]
| Allt a'Mhuilinn
| The Mill River
|-
| Muckovie
| Mucamhaigh
| The Pig Field
|-
| Raigmore
| Rathaig Mhòir
| Big Fort
|-
| Resaurie
| Ruigh Samhraidh
| Summer Slope
|-
| [[Scaniport]]
| Sganaphort
| Ferry by the Crack
|-
| [[Scorguie]]
| Sgurr Gaoithe
| The Windy Hill
|-
| Slackbuie
| An Slag Buidhe
| The Yellow Hollow
|-
| Smithton
| Baile a' Ghobhainn
| Smiths' Town
|-
| [[Tomatin]]
| Tom Aitinn
| Hill of the Juniper
|-
| [[Tomnahurich Cemetery|Tomnahurich]]
| Tom na h-Iubhraich
| Hill of the Yew Trees
|-
| Torvean
| Tòrr Bheathain
| MacBean's Hill
|}

Several springs which were traditionally thought to have healing qualities exist around Inverness. ''Fuaran Dearg'', which translates as the "Red Spring", is a [[chalybeate]] spring located near Dochgarroch. ''Fuaran a' Chladaich ''("The Spring on the Beach") near Bunchrew was once accessed by a causeway from the shore. Although submerged at high tide it continues to bubble and was traditionally known for treating cholera. ''Fuaran Allt an Ionnlaid'' ("Well of the Washing Burn") at Clachnaharry, where the [[Marquis of Montrose]] was allowed to drink while on his way from his capture in Sutherland to his execution in Edinburgh, was known for treating skin conditions. Also at Clachnaharry, ''Fuaran Priseag'' ("The Precious Well") was said to have been blessed by Saint Kessock and could treat weak and sore eyes, as well as expelling evil and shielding curses if a silver coin was offered. ''Tobar na h-Oige'' ("Well of the Young") is located near Culloden and was known for curing all ailments. ''Fuaran a' Chragan Bhreag'' ("Well of the Speckled Rock") is located near Craig Dundain and ''Fuaran na Capaich'' ("The Keppoch Well") is located near Culloden.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/reminiscencesofc00macluoft|title=Reminiscences of a clachnacuddin nonagenarian|first=the Nonagenarian|last=Maclean|date=25 July 1886|publisher=Inverness, Donald Macdonald|access-date=25 July 2018|via=Internet Archive|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100306050258/http://www.archive.org/details/reminiscencesofc00macluoft|archive-date=6 March 2010|url-status=live}}</ref> Inverness is also home to the Munlochy [[Clootie well|Clootie Well]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://forestryandland.gov.scot/visit/munlochy-clootie-well|title=Munlochy Clootie Well - Forestry and Land Scotland|website=forestryandland.gov.scot|access-date=2020-01-30}}</ref>

[[Image:Gaelic preaspiration.jpg|thumb|right|The use of [[preaspiration]] in different Scottish Gaelic dialects throughout the Highlands, from 1 (strong) to 6 (absent). Preaspiration was used in the dialect of Inverness Gaelic and is still evident in both the Gaelic and English spoken in Inverness today.]]

Although a Gaelic name itself, ''Craig Phadraig'' is alternatively known as ''Làrach an Taigh Mhóir'', or "the place of the Great house".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ambaile.org.uk/en/item/item_page.jsp?item_id=13088 |title=Transactions of the Inverness Scientific Society and Field Club, vol. 1, p. 126 |publisher=Am Baile |access-date=30 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131007013833/http://www.ambaile.org.uk/en/item/item_page.jsp?item_id=13088 |archive-date=7 October 2013 |url-status=live }}</ref> Several Gaelic place names are now largely obsolete due to the feature being removed or forgotten. ''Drochaid an Easain Duibh'' ("Bridge by the Small Dark Waterfall"), referred to in the tale ''Aonghas Mòr Thom na h-Iubhraich agus na Sìthichean'' ("Great Angus of Tomnahurich and the Fairies") has not yet been located within Inverness and ''Slag nam Mèirleach'' (meaning "Robbers' hollow"), adjacent to Dores Road in Holm is no longer in use. Until the late 19th century, four mussel beds existed on the delta mouth of the River Ness: ''Scalp Phàdraig Mhòir'' ("Scalp of Great Patrick"), ''Rònach'' ("Place of the Seals"), ''Cridhe an Uisge'' ("The Water Heart") and ''Scalp nan Caorach'' ("Scalp of the Sheep")&nbsp;– these mussel beds were all removed to allow better access for fishing boats and ships.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.scottishcorpus.ac.uk/corpus/search/document.php?documentid=1408 |title=Around Clach na Cùdainn: Some Musings on the Gaelic Place Names of Inverness – Scottish Corpus of Texts and Speech |publisher=Scottishcorpus.ac.uk |access-date=25 August 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928034043/http://www.scottishcorpus.ac.uk/corpus/search/document.php?documentid=1408 |archive-date=28 September 2011 |url-status=live }}</ref>

''Allt Muineach'' (The Thicket River) now runs underground between Culcabock Roundabout and Millburn Roundabout. ''An Loch Gorm'' (The Turquoise Loch), a small sea loch which was situated beside Morrisons supermarket, was filled in during the 19th century and lives on only in the name of Lochgorm Warehouse. Abban Street stems from the word ''àban'', a word of local Gaelic dialect meaning a small channel of water.

Many prominent points around Inverness retain fully Gaelic names.

* Beinn Bhuidhe Bheag – "Little Yellow Hill"
* Beinn Uan – "Lamb Hill"
* Cnoc na Mòine – "The Peat Hill"
* Cnoc na Gaoithe – "The Hill of the Wind"
* Cnoc an t-Seòmair – "The Hill of the Room"
* Creag Liath – "Grey Crag"
* Creag nan Sidhean – "The Crag of the Fairies"
* Doire Mhòr – "Great Oakwood"
* Carn a' Bhodaich – "The Old Man's Cairn"
* Meall Mòr – "Great Hill"
{{Clear}}

In the colonial period, a Gaelic-speaking settlement named [[Darien, Georgia|New Inverness]] was established in [[McIntosh County, Georgia]], by settlers from in and around Inverness. The name was also given by expatriates to settlements in [[Inverness, Quebec|Quebec]], [[Inverness, Nova Scotia|Nova Scotia]], [[Inverness, Montana|Montana]], [[Inverness, Florida|Florida]], [[Inverness, Illinois|Illinois]], and [[Inverness, California|California]]. The name Inverness is also given to a feature on [[Miranda (moon)|Miranda]], a moon of the planet Uranus, as well as a 2637&nbsp;m tall mountain in [[British Columbia]], Canada.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kootenayseh.com/revelstoke-bc/parks/mt-revelstoke-park.htm |title=Mount Revelstoke National Park : Revelstoke, BC, Canada |publisher=Kootenayseh.com |access-date=14 July 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100626025853/http://www.kootenayseh.com/revelstoke-bc/parks/mt-revelstoke-park.htm |archive-date=26 June 2010 |url-status=dead  }}</ref> Inverness is also known by its nicknames ''Inversnecky'' or ''The Sneck'', with its inhabitants traditionally known as ''Clann Na Cloiche'' ("Children of the Stone" in Gaelic) owing to the importance of the Clach Na Cudainn stone in the city's history. This large flat stone is now located outside the town hall, by the historic Mercat Cross. The stone was originally at the river Ness, where the towns women took their laundry. They would  rest their tubs on the stone, thus it became known as the stone of the tubs - 'clach na cudainn'.

===Population===

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
! Year
! Greater Inverness
! Inverness
|-
|2021
|65,210<ref>{{Cite web|title=Inverness (Agglomeration, Agglomerations, United Kingdom) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/agglo/S20000479A__inverness/|access-date=2023-05-19|website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref>
|47,820<ref>{{Cite web|title=Inverness (Highland, Scotland, United Kingdom) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map, Location, Weather and Web Information|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/scotland/highland/S19000952__inverness/|access-date=2023-05-19|website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref>
|-
|2018
|64,350<ref>{{Cite web|title=Inverness (Agglomeration, Agglomerations, United Kingdom) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/agglo/S20000479A__inverness/|access-date=2020-08-25|website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref>
|47,380<ref name="citypopulation.de">{{Cite web|title=Inverness (Highland, Scotland, United Kingdom) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map, Location, Weather and Web Information|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/uk/scotland/highland/S19000952__inverness/|access-date=2020-08-25|website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref>
|- 
| 2016 
|63,220<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2016/list-of-tables|title=Mid-2016 List of Tables|website= National Records of Scotland|date=31 May 2013|access-date=31 May 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190323162343/https://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2016/list-of-tables|archive-date=23 March 2019|url-status=live}}</ref>
|47,290<ref name="citypopulation.de"/>
|-
| 2012
| 59,910<ref name="auto"/>
| 46,870<ref name="auto"/>
|-
| 2010
| 57,960<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2010/list-of-tables |title=Mid-2010 Population Estimates - Settlements in alphabetical order |date=31 May 2013 |publisher=National Records Scotland (NRS) |access-date=29 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119112433/http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2010/list-of-tables |archive-date=19 November 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| 45,050<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2010/list-of-tables |title=Mid-2010 Population Estimates - Localities in alphabetical order |date=31 May 2013 |publisher=National Records Scotland (NRS) |access-date=29 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119112433/http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2010/list-of-tables |archive-date=19 November 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| 2008
| 56,660<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2008 |title=Mid-2008 Population Estimates - Settlements in alphabetical order |date=31 May 2013 |publisher=National Records Scotland (NRS) |access-date=29 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119112928/http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2008 |archive-date=19 November 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| 44,220<ref>{{cite web
 |url=http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2008
 |title=Mid-2008 Population Estimates - Localities in alphabetical order
 |date=31 May 2013
 |publisher=National Records Scotland (NRS)
 |access-date=29 October 2015
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119112928/http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2008
 |archive-date=19 November 2015
 |url-status=live
 }}</ref>
|-
| 2006
| 54,070<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2006 |title=Mid-2006 Population Estimates for Settlements in Scotland |date=31 May 2013 |publisher=National Records Scotland (NRS) |access-date=29 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119114315/http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2006 |archive-date=19 November 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| 42,400<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2006-localities |title=Mid-2006 Population Estimates for Localities in Scotland |date=31 May 2013 |publisher=National Records Scotland (NRS) |access-date=29 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119115226/http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2006-localities |archive-date=19 November 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
| 2004
| 52,530<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2004 |title=Mid-2004 Population Estimates for Settlements in Scotland |date=31 May 2013 |publisher=National Records Scotland (NRS) |access-date=26 June 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150326055422/http://nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2004 |archive-date=26 March 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| 40,880<ref>{{cite web
 |url=http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2004-localities
 |title=Mid-2004 Population Estimates for Localities in Scotland
 |date=31 May 2013
 |publisher=National Records Scotland (NRS)
 |access-date=26 June 2013
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150326122132/http://nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2004-localities
 |archive-date=26 March 2015
 |url-status=live
 }}</ref>
|-
| 2003
| 51,610<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2003-settlements |title=Mid-2003 Population Estimates for Settlements in Scotland |date=31 May 2013 |publisher=National Records Scotland (NRS) |access-date=29 October 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119120431/http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2003-settlements |archive-date=19 November 2015 |url-status=live }}</ref>
| 40,470<ref>{{cite web
 |url=http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2003-localities
 |title=Mid-2003 Population Estimates for Localities in Scotland
 |date=31 May 2013
 |publisher=National Records Scotland (NRS)
 |access-date=29 October 2015
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119120502/http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/statistics/statistics-by-theme/population/population-estimates/special-area-population-estimates/settlements-and-localities/mid-2003-localities
 |archive-date=19 November 2015
 |url-status=live
 }}</ref>
|- https://web.archive.org/web/20070927210246/http://www.gro-scotland.gov.uk/files/setloc-ks01.xls
| 2001
| 46,944<ref name="nrscotland2001">{{cite web
 |url=http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/census/2001-census/results-and-products/reports-and-data/key-statistics-for-settlements-and-localities-scotland
 |title=Scotland's Census 2001 - KS01 Usual Resident Population
 |date=31 May 2013
 |publisher=National Records Scotland (NRS)
 |access-date=29 October 2015
 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151120192049/http://www.nrscotland.gov.uk/statistics-and-data/census/2001-census/results-and-products/reports-and-data/key-statistics-for-settlements-and-localities-scotland
 |archive-date=20 November 2015
 |url-status=live
 }}</ref>
| 40,949<ref name="nrscotland2001"/>
|-
| 1991
| 44,903<ref name="nrscotland2001"/>
| 40,918<ref name="nrscotland2001"/>
|-
| 1981
| 43,246
| 40,011
|-
| 1971
| 
| 34,839
|-
| 1961
| 
| 29,774
|-
| 1951
| 
| 28,107
|-
| 1881
| 
| 17,365
|-
| 1871
| 
| 14,469
|-
| 1861
| 
| 12,509
|-
| 1841
|
| 10,663
|-
| 1831
|
| 14,324
|-
| 1821
|
| 12,264
|-
| 1811
|
| 10,750
|-
| 1801
| 
| 8,732
|-
| 1791
| 
| 7,930
|}

The [[National Records of Scotland]] define Inverness as the urban area west of the A9. To produce a greater Inverness figure including the villages of [[Balloch, Highland|Balloch]], [[Culloden, Highland|Culloden]], [[Smithton, Highland|Smithton]], and [[Westhill, Inverness|Westhill]], it is necessary to aggregate NRS figures for each locality.<ref name="auto"/>