Editing Information science (section)

===Philosophy of information===
{{Main|Philosophy of information}}

Philosophy of information studies conceptual issues arising at the intersection of [[psychology]], [[computer science]], [[information technology]], and [[philosophy]]. It includes the investigation of the conceptual nature and basic principles of [[information]], including its dynamics, utilisation and sciences, as well as the elaboration and application of information-theoretic and computational methodologies to its philosophical problems.<ref>Luciano Floridi, [http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/pci/downloads/introduction.pdf "What is the Philosophy of Information?"] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120316090017/http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/pci/downloads/introduction.pdf |date=2012-03-16 }},   ''Metaphilosophy'', 2002, (33), 1/2.</ref> Robert Hammarberg pointed out that there is no coherent distinction between information and data: "an Information Processing System (IPS) cannot process data except in terms of whatever representational language is inherent to it, [so] data could not even be apprehended by an IPS without becoming representational in nature, and thus losing their status of being raw, brute, facts."<ref>Robert Hammarberg. The cooked and the raw. Journal of Information Science, 3(6):261–267, 1981.</ref>