Editing Index Librorum Prohibitorum (section)

===Censorship and enforcement===
The ''Index'' was not simply a reactive work. Roman Catholic [[author]]s had the opportunity to defend their writings and could prepare a new edition with necessary corrections or deletions, either to avoid or to limit a [[Ban (law)|ban]]. Pre-publication censorship was encouraged.{{Citation needed|date=June 2017}}

The ''Index'' was enforceable within the [[Papal States]], but elsewhere only if adopted by the civil powers, as happened in several Italian states.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=rl96-_JKQvkC&pg=PA236 Stephen G. Burnett, ''Christian Hebraism in the Reformation Era''] (Brill 2012 {{ISBN|978-9-00422248-9}}), p. 236</ref> Other areas adopted their own lists of forbidden books. In the [[Holy Roman Empire]], book censorship, which preceded the publication of the ''Index'', came under the control of the Jesuits at the end of the 16th century, but had little effect, since the German princes within the empire set up their own systems.<ref name=Febvre/> In France it was French officials who decided what books were banned<ref name=Febvre>[https://books.google.com/books?id=9opxcMjv4TUC&pg=PA245 Lucien Febvre, Henri Jean Martin, ''The Coming of the Book: The Impact of Printing 1450–1800''] (Verso 1976 {{ISBN|978-1-85984108-2}}), pp. 245–246</ref> and the Church's ''Index'' was not recognized.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=W7ZKc_okFDkC&pg=PA11 John Michael Lewis, ''Galileo in France''] (Peter Lang, 2006 {{ISBN|978-0-82045768-0}}), p. 11</ref> Spain had its own {{lang|la|Index Librorum Prohibitorum et Expurgatorum}}, which corresponded largely to the Church's,<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=jJnyxg3xxTEC&pg=PA48 C. B. Schmitt, Quentin Skinner, Eckhard Kessler, ''Renaissance Philosophy''] (Cambridge University Press, 1988 {{ISBN|978-0-52139748-3}}), p. 48</ref> but also included a list of books that were allowed once the forbidden part (sometimes a single sentence) was removed or "expurgated".<ref>{{cite web|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HKcrSTBD0W8C|title=Index librorum prohibitorum et expurgatorum|date=17 October 1612|publisher=apud Ludouicum Sanchez|via=Google Books}}</ref>