Editing History of Monaco (section)

==Protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia==
[[File:Kingdom of Sardinia 1815.svg|thumb|left|Kingdom of Sardinia in 1815. Monaco was annexed as protectorate this year.]]

The principality was re-established in 1814, only to be designated a protectorate of the [[Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)|Kingdom of Sardinia]] by the [[Congress of Vienna]] in 1815 and the [[Treaty of Stupinigi]] in 1817. Monaco remained in this position until 1860, when by the [[Treaty of Turin (1860)|Treaty of Turin]], Sardinia ceded to France the surrounding county of [[Nice]] (as well as [[Savoy]]).
[[Image:Frontiere Monaco.gif|thumb|right|Map of the territory of the "Free cities of Mentone and Roccabruna" (light blue) and the territory of Monaco (orange) in 1848. Those territories were the Principality of Monaco from the Renaissance until that year.<ref>Ermanno Amicucci. ''Nizza e l'Italia''. Mondadori editore. Milano, 1939.</ref>]]
In 1848 the towns of Mentone and Roccabruna ceded from Monaco, and in 1849 became a separate protectorate of the Kingdom of Sardinia. (see also [[Free Cities of Menton and Roquebrune]])

With the protectorate, that lasted nearly half a century, [[Italian language|Italian]] was the official language of Monaco. The [[Monégasque dialect]] is closer to [[Ligurian (Romance language)|Ligurian]] than French, but influenced by both.

During this time there was unrest in the towns of [[Menton]] and [[Roquebrune-Cap-Martin|Roquebrune]], which declared independence, hoping for annexation by Sardinia and participation in the Italian [[Risorgimento]]. The unrest continued until the ruling prince gave up his claim to the two towns (some 95% of the country), and they were ceded to France in return for four million francs. This transfer and Monaco's sovereignty was recognised by the [[Franco-Monegasque Treaty|Franco-Monegasque Treaty of 1861]].