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===Epistemic heuristics=== {{Broader|Tacit assumption}} * {{Annotated link|Propositional attitude}}<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Charteris | first1 = Jennifer | date = 2014 | title = Epistemological shudders as productive aporia: A heuristic for transformative teacher learning | journal = International Journal of Qualitative Methods | volume = 13 | issue = 1 | pages = 104β121 | doi = 10.1177/160940691401300102 | quote = Lozinski and Collinson (1999, as cited in Giugni, 2006) were the first to employ the concept of an 'epistemological shudder' to describe how one's preferred representations of one's known world can prove incapable of immediately making sense of the 'marvellous' (p. 101).| doi-access = free }}</ref> * {{Annotated link|Essence}}<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Krist | first1 = Christina | last2 = Schwarz | first2 = Christina | last3 = Reiser | first3 = Brian | date = 2018 | title = Identifying Essential Epistemic Heuristics for Guiding Mechanistic Reasoning in Science Learning | url = https://doi.org/10.1080/10508406.2018.1510404 | journal = Journal of the Learning Sciences | volume = 28 | issue = 2 | pages = 160β205 | doi = 10.1080/10508406.2018.1510404 | access-date = 11 May 2024 | quote = The first epistemic heuristic essential to mechanistic reasoning is that students think across scalar levels. Most definitions of mechanistic reasoning (e.g., Grotzer & Perkins, 2000; Machamer et al., 2000) use the term ''underlying'' to describe the kinds of things that must be identified and characterized in order to explain a target phenomenon.}}</ref> * {{Annotated link|Analysis}}<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Krist | first1 = Christina | last2 = Schwarz | first2 = Christina | last3 = Reiser | first3 = Brian | date = 2018 | title = Identifying Essential Epistemic Heuristics for Guiding Mechanistic Reasoning in Science Learning | url = https://doi.org/10.1080/10508406.2018.1510404 | journal = Journal of the Learning Sciences | volume = 28 | issue = 2 | pages = 160β205 | doi = 10.1080/10508406.2018.1510404 | access-date = 11 May 2024 | quote = second epistemic heuristic: identifying and characterizing relevant elements at a scalar level below that of the target phenomenon.{{nbsp}}... we use the term ''factor'' to refer generally to the relevant elements at the scalar level below that of the aggregate phenomenon. Similarly, we refer generally to the intellectual work involved in characterizing the relevant properties, rules, and behaviors of factors as ''unpacking'' those factors.}}</ref> * {{Annotated link|Falsifiability}}<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Krist | first1 = Christina | last2 = Schwarz | first2 = Christina | last3 = Reiser | first3 = Brian | date = 2018 | title = Identifying Essential Epistemic Heuristics for Guiding Mechanistic Reasoning in Science Learning | url = https://doi.org/10.1080/10508406.2018.1510404 | journal = Journal of the Learning Sciences | volume = 28 | issue = 2 | pages = 160β205 | doi = 10.1080/10508406.2018.1510404 | access-date = 11 May 2024 | quote =Finally, the third heuristic essential to mechanistic reasoning involves checking how well the underlying mechanisms fit the observed phenomenon.}}</ref> * {{Annotated link|Hierarchy of evidence}}
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