Editing Hesse (section)

==== Weimar and Nazi periods ====
The [[German Revolution of 1918–1919|revolution of 1918]] following the German defeat in [[WWI]] transformed Hesse-Darmstadt from a monarchy to a republic, which officially renamed itself the [[People's State of Hesse]] ({{lang|de|Volksstaat Hessen}}). The state parliament, or ''[[Landtag]]'' consisted of 70 deputies elected on the basis of [[proportional representation]]. There were six [[Hessian Landtag elections in the Weimar Republic|Landtag elections]] between 1919 and 1932. Following the [[Nazi seizure of power]] in Berlin, the ''Landtag'' was formally abolished as a result of the "[[Law on the Reconstruction of the Reich]]" of 30 January 1934, which replaced the German [[federal system]] with a [[unitary state]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}}

The parts of Hesse-Darmstadt on the left bank of the Rhine (Rhenish Hesse), as well as those right-bank areas of Hesse-Darmstadt and Hesse-Nassau within {{convert|30|km|abbr=on}} of Koblenz or Mainz [[Occupation of the Rhineland|were occupied by French troops]] until 1930 under the terms of the [[Treaty of Versailles|Versailles peace treaty]] that officially ended World War I in 1919. The Kingdom of Prussia became the [[Free State of Prussia]], of which Hesse-Nassau remained a province.{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}}

In 1929 the [[Free State of Waldeck]] was dissolved and incorporated into Hesse-Nassau. In 1932 [[Wetzlar]] ({{lang|de|{{ill|Landkreis Wetzlar|de}}}}), formerly an exclave of the Prussian [[Rhine Province]] situated between Hesse-Nassau and the Grand Duchy's Upper Hesse, was transferred to Hesse-Nassau. The former Hessian exclave of [[Rinteln]] ({{lang|de|{{ill|Landkreis Grafschaft Schaumburg|de|lt=Kreis Rinteln}}}}, the Hessian part of the former [[County of Schaumburg]]) was also detached and transferred to the [[Province of Hanover]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}}

On 1 July 1944 the Prussian Province of Hesse-Nassau was formally divided into the provinces of [[Province of Kurhessen|Kurhessen]] and [[Province of Nassau|Nassau]]. At the same time the former Hessian [[Schmalkalden]] exclaves ({{lang|de|{{ill|Landkreis Herrschaft Schmalkalden|de}}}}), together with the {{lang|de|{{ill|Regierungsbezirk Erfurt|de}}}} of the [[Province of Saxony]], were transferred to [[Thuringia]]. The territories of the new provinces did not directly correspond with their pre-1866 namesakes but rather with the associated NSDAP {{lang|de|[[Administrative divisions of Nazi Germany|Gau]]e}}: [[Gau Electoral Hesse]] and [[Gau Hesse-Nassau]] (excluding the areas which were part of the People's State of Hesse).{{Citation needed|date=August 2024}}