Editing Gus Hall (section)

==Presidential candidate and later years==
[[File:Vote Communist - Gus Hall for President, Jarvis Tyner for Vice-President LCCN2016648826.jpg|thumb|1976 campaign poster]]
In the [[1964 United States presidential election]], Hall's party supported [[Lyndon B. Johnson]], saying it was necessary to prevent the victory of the conservative [[Barry Goldwater]].<ref>[http://www.kalaschnikow.net/de/archiv.php?id=463 Obituary at Kalaschnikow.net] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081117080710/http://www.kalaschnikow.net/de/archiv.php?id=463 |date=November 17, 2008}} (in German)</ref> During the [[1972 United States presidential election|1972 presidential election]], the CPUSA withdrew its support from the [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] and nominated Hall as its candidate.<ref name="Newsru.com">[http://www.newsru.com/arch/world/17oct2000/holl.html Obituary at Newsru.com](in Russian)</ref> Hall ran for president four times&nbsp;— in 1972, 1976, 1980, and 1984&nbsp;— the last two times with [[Angela Davis]].<ref name="AP Obit" /> Of the four elections, Hall received the largest number of votes in 1976, largely because of the [[Watergate scandal]] bringing [[protest vote]]s for minor parties.  Hall ranked only in eighth place among the presidential candidates.<ref name="uselectionatlas.org">[http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1976&minper=0&f=0&off=0&elect=0 1976 Presidential General Election Results] Accessed April 27, 2010</ref> Owing to the great expense of running, the difficulty in meeting the strenuous and different election law provisions in each state, and the difficulty in getting media coverage, the CPUSA decided to suspend running national campaigns while continuing to run candidates at the local level. While ceasing presidential campaigns, the CPUSA did not renew support for the Democratic party.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Das ist Mum, sie arbeitet für die Kommunistische Partei|author=Uwe Schmitt | date=April 29, 2004 | publisher=Welt | url=https://www.welt.de/print-welt/article310315/Das_ist_Mum_sie_arbeitet_fuer_die_Kommunistische_Partei.html}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable float-right"
|+ style="padding-bottom:1em;" | Hall's results in his presidential candidacies
|- bgcolor="#efefef"
! Election year
! [[Running mate]]
! Received votes (absolute)
! Received votes (%)
|-
| [[1972 United States presidential election|1972]]
| [[Jarvis Tyner]]
| 25,597
| 0.03%<ref>[http://www.uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/state.php?year=1972&off=0&elect=0&fips=blank&f=0 1972 Presidential General Election Results] Accessed April 27, 2010</ref>
|-
| [[1976 United States presidential election|1976]]
| Jarvis Tyner
| 58,709
| 0.07%<ref name="uselectionatlas.org" />
|-
| [[1980 United States presidential election|1980]]
| [[Angela Davis]]
| 44,933
| 0.05%<ref>[http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1980&minper=0&f=0&off=0&elect=0 1980 Presidential General Election Results] Accessed April 27, 2010</ref>
|-
| [[1984 United States presidential election|1984]]
| Angela Davis
| 36,386
| 0.04%<ref>[http://uselectionatlas.org/RESULTS/national.php?year=1984&minper=0&f=0&off=0&elect=0 1984 Presidential General Election Results] Accessed April 27, 2010</ref>
|}
The 1980s were a politically difficult decade for Hall and the CPUSA, as one of Hall's trusted confidants and the deputy head of the CPUSA, [[Morris Childs]], was revealed in 1980 to be a longtime [[Federal Bureau of Investigation]] [[informant]].<ref>{{Cite book
| first = John
| last = Barron
| title = Operation Solo: The FBI's Man in the Kremlin
| publisher=Regnery Publishing
| year= 1997
| page=4
| isbn=0-89526-429-3
}}</ref> Although Childs was taken into the [[United States Federal Witness Protection Program]] and received the [[Presidential Medal of Freedom]] in 1987, Hall continued to deny that Childs had been a spy.<ref name="ANB" /> Also, Henry Winston, Hall's African-American deputy, died in 1986. The black party base questioned the fact that the leadership was exclusively white.

After the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]] in 1991, the party faced another crisis. In a press conference that year, Hall warned of witch hunts and [[McCarthyism]] in Russia, comparing that country unfavorably with [[North Korea]].<ref name ="nyt" /> Hall led a faction of the party that stood against [[Glasnost]] and [[Perestroika]] and, for the hardliners of the CPSU, accused [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] and [[Boris Yeltsin]] of "demolishing" socialism.<ref>{{Cite news|title=GESTORBEN|date=October 23, 2000|work=Der Spiegel}} (in German)</ref> Hall supported [[Vietnam]] and [[Cuba]] but criticized the [[China|People's Republic of China]] for failing to oppose the West.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://www.economist.com/node/404705 | newspaper=The Economist | title=Gus Hall | date=October 26, 2000}}</ref> In late 1991, members wanting reform founded the [[Committees of Correspondence for Democracy and Socialism]], a group critical of the direction in which Hall was taking the party.<ref name="Zeit">{{Cite news|title=Ohne Kopf und Kapital|date=January 3, 1992|newspaper=Die Zeit|url=http://www.zeit.de/1992/02/Ohne-Kopf-und-Kapital|access-date=April 28, 2010|archive-date=June 7, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607070844/http://www.zeit.de/1992/02/Ohne-Kopf-und-Kapital|url-status=dead}}</ref> When they were unable to influence the leadership, they left the party and Hall purged them from the membership, including such leaders as [[Angela Davis]] and [[Charlene Mitchell]].

During the last years of his life, Hall lived in [[Yonkers, New York]], with his wife, Elizabeth.<ref name="pwe" /> Along with following political events, Hall engaged in hobbies that included art collecting, [[Organic horticulture|organic gardening]], and painting.<ref name="time" /> In 2000, shortly before his death, Hall resigned the post of party chairman in favor of [[Sam Webb (communist)|Sam Webb]] and was appointed honorary chairman.<ref name="DKP">{{Cite news|title=Gus Hall übergibt den Stab|author=Manfred Sohn|date=May 19, 2000|newspaper=Unsere Zeit|url=http://www.dkp-online.de/internat/amerika/usa/32200803.htm|access-date=April 28, 2010|archive-date=November 8, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108081101/http://www.dkp-online.de/internat/amerika/usa/32200803.htm|url-status=dead}} in German</ref>  In 1994, [[Michael Myerson]], who had left the CPUSA along with [[Herbert Aptheker]], [[Angela Davis]], Gil Green, and [[Charlene Mitchell]],<ref>{{cite web|date= 1993|title=Crisis in the CPUSA: Interview with Charlene Mitchell|url=https://omalley.nelsonmandela.org/omalley/cis/omalley/OMalleyWeb/03lv02424/04lv02730/05lv03005/06lv03006/07lv03075/08lv03082.htm|publisher =University of the Western Cape|access-date =January 3, 2021}}</ref> accused Hall of living a "good bourgeois life" including "an estate in fashionable Hampton Bays."<ref>{{cite news|first =Janny|last =Scott|title=Comrades Up in Arms; Ranks of American Communists Split Over Future of Their Party|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/12/21/nyregion/comrades-up-arms-ranks-american-communists-split-over-future-their-party.html|newspaper= New York Times|page = D27|date = May 8, 1997|access-date = January 3, 2021}}</ref>

Gus Hall died on October 13, 2000, at [[Lenox Hill Hospital]] in [[Manhattan]] from [[diabetes mellitus]] complications.<ref name ="nyt" /><ref>[http://www.nndb.com/people/206/000135798 NNDB Gus Hall]</ref> He was buried in the [[Forest Home Cemetery (Forest Park)|Forest Home Cemetery]] near Chicago.