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Guillaume Apollinaire
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==Works== In 1900 he wrote his first novel ''Mirely, ou le petit trou pas cher'' (pornographic), which was eventually lost.<ref name="Baxter2009"/> Apollinaire's first collection of poetry was ''L'enchanteur pourrissant'' (1909), but ''[[Alcools]]'' (1913) established his reputation. The poems, influenced in part by the [[symbolism (arts)|Symbolist]]s, juxtapose the old and the new, combining traditional poetic forms with modern imagery. In 1913, Apollinaire published the essay ''[[The Cubist Painters, Aesthetic Meditations|Les Peintres Cubistes, Méditations Esthétiques]]'' on the [[Cubist]] painters, a movement which he helped to define. He also coined the term ''[[Orphism (art)|orphism]]'' to describe a tendency towards absolute abstraction in the paintings of [[Robert Delaunay]] and others. In 1917, Apollinaire produced ''Peintures de Léopold Survage; Dessins et aquarelles d’Irène Lagut (Paintings by Léopold Survage; Drawings and Watercolors by Irène Lagut),'' which is included in the permanent collection of Pérez Art Museum Miami, in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Peintures de Léopold Survage; Dessins et aquarelles d'Irène Lagut (Paintings by Léopold Survage; Drawings and Watercolors by Irène Lagut) • Pérez Art Museum Miami |url=https://www.pamm.org/en/artwork/2016.503 |access-date=2023-09-27 |website=Pérez Art Museum Miami |language=en-US}}</ref> In 1907 Apollinaire published the well-known [[erotic novel]], ''[[The Eleven Thousand Rods]]'' (''Les Onze Mille Verges'').<ref>Patrick J. Kearney, ''A History of Erotic Literature'', 1982, pp. 163–164</ref><ref>Karín Lesnik-Oberstein, ''The last taboo: women and body hair'', [[Manchester University Press]], 2006, {{ISBN|0-7190-7500-9}}, p. 94</ref> Officially banned in France until 1970, various printings of it circulated widely for many years. Apollinaire never publicly acknowledged authorship of the novel. Another erotic novel attributed to him was ''The Exploits of a Young [[Don Juan]] (Les exploits d'un jeune Don Juan)'', in which the 15-year-old hero fathers three children with various members of his entourage, including his aunt.<ref>Neil Cornwell, ''The Absurd in Literature'', [[Manchester University Press]], 2006, {{ISBN|0-7190-7410-X}}, pp. 86–87</ref><ref>Roger Shattuck, ''The Banquet Years: the arts in France, 1885–1918: Alfred Jarry, Henri Rousseau, Erik Satie, Guillaume Apollinaire'', [[Doubleday (publisher)|Doubleday]], 1961, p. 268.</ref> Apollinaire's gift to Picasso of the original 1907 manuscript was one of the artist's most prized possessions.<ref>{{cite book|first=John |last=Golding| title=Visions of the Modern|url=https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_d5wXeMFxA2IC | year=1994 |page=[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_d5wXeMFxA2IC/page/n106 109]|publisher=University of California Press | isbn=0520087925}}</ref> The book was made into a [[Exploits of a Young Don Juan|movie in 1986]]. Shortly after his death, Mercure de France published ''[[Calligrammes]]'', a collection of his [[concrete poetry]] (poetry in which typography and layout adds to the overall effect), and more orthodox, though still modernist poems informed by Apollinaire's experiences in the First World War and in which he often used the technique of automatic writing. In his youth Apollinaire lived for a short while in [[Belgium]], mastering the [[Walloon language|Walloon]] dialect sufficiently to write poetry, some of which has survived. <gallery widths="160px" heights="200px"> File:Guillaume Apollinaire, Poème Calligramme.jpg|A [[Calligrammes|Calligramme]] by Guillaume Apollinaire<ref>[http://bluemountain.princeton.edu/bluemtn/cgi-bin/bluemtn?a=d&d=bmtnaab192010-01.2.25.4&srpos=1&e=-------en-20--1--txt-IN-kisling----# Action: Cahiers Individualistes De Philosophie Et D’art, October 1920], Blue Mountain Project, Princeton University</ref> Image:La muse inspirant le poète.jpg|''[[The Muse Inspiring the Poet]]'', portrait of Apollinaire and [[Marie Laurencin]], by [[Henri Rousseau]], 1909 Image:Père-Lachaise - Division 86 - tombe Apollinaire 01.jpg|Apollinaire's grave in Père Lachaise Cemetery File:ApollinaireLeidenWallPoems.jpg|Poem by Apollinaire on a [[Wall poems in Leiden|wall in Leiden]] </gallery> ===Poetry=== * ''L'enchanteur pourrissant'' (1909). ''The Enchanter Rotting'' * ''[[Le Bestiaire ou Cortège d'Orphée]]'' (1911) * ''[[Alcools]]'' (1913) * ''Vitam impendere amori'' (1917) * ''[[Calligrammes]], poèmes de la paix et de la guerre 1913–1916'' (1918) (published shortly after Apollinaire's death) * ''Il y a...'' (1925) Albert Messein * ''Julie ou la rose'' (1927) * ''Ombre de mon amour'' (1947). Poems addressed to [[Louise de Coligny-Châtillon]] * ''Poèmes secrets à Madeleine'' (1949). Pirated edition * ''Le Guetteur mélancolique'' (1952). Previously unpublished works * ''Poèmes à Lou'' (1955) * ''Soldes'' (1985). Previously unpublished works * ''Et moi aussi je suis peintre'' (2006). Album of drawings for ''Calligrammes'', from a private collection * ''Calligrammaire, les calligrammes de Guillaume Apollinaire / Kalligrammatika, Guillaume Apollinaire kalligrammái'' (2025). Bilingual French–Hungarian edition ===Novels=== * ''Mirely ou le Petit Trou pas cher'' (1900). ''Mirely, or The Cheap Little Hole'' (unpublished) * ''Que faire ?'' (1900). ''What to Do?'' * ''[[Les Onze Mille Verges|Les Onze Mille Verges ou les Amours d'un hospodar]]'' (1907). ''The Eleven Thousand Rods''; ''The Debauched Hospodar'' * ''Les Exploits d'un jeune Don Juan'' (1911). ''The Amorous Exploits of a Young Rakehell'', trans. Reaves Tessor (1959) * ''La Rome des Borgia'' (1914). ''The Rome of the Borgias'' * ''La Fin de Babylone'' (1914). ''The Fall of Babylon'' * ''Les Trois Don Juan'' (1915). ''The Three Don Juans'' * ''La Femme assise'' (1920). ''The Sitting Woman'' === Short story collections === * ''L'Hérèsiarque et Cie'' (1910). ''The Heresiarch and Co.'', trans. Rémy Inglis Hall (1965)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Apollinaire |first=Guillaume |url=http://archive.org/details/heresiarchco00apol |title=The Heresiarch and Co |date=1965 |publisher=Garden City, NY, Doubleday |others=Internet Archive}}</ref> * ''Le Poète assassiné'' (1916). ''The Poet Assassinated'', trans. [[Matthew Josephson]] (1923, title story);<ref>{{Cite book |last=Apollinaire |first=Guillaume |url=http://archive.org/details/poetassassinated00apol_0 |title=The poet assassinated / y Guillaume Apollinaire ; translated from the French with a biographical notice and notes by Matthew Josephson |date=1923 |publisher=New York : Broom Pub. |others=Getty Research Institute}}</ref> trans. [[Ron Padgett]] (1968, unabridged)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Apollinaire |first=Guillaume |url=http://archive.org/details/poetassassinated0000apol_m5y8 |title=The poet assassinated : and other stories |date=1985 |publisher=Manchester : Carcanet |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-85635-548-6}}</ref> * ''Les Épingles'' (1928). ''The Pins'' ===Plays=== * ''[[The Breasts of Tiresias|Les Mamelles de Tirésias]]'' (1917). ''The Breasts of Tiresias'' * ''La Bréhatine'' (1917). Screenplay (collaboration with [[André Billy (writer)|André Billy]]) * ''Couleurs du temps'' (1918) * ''Casanova'' (published 1952) ===Articles=== * ''Le Théâtre italien'', illustrated encyclopedia, 1910 * Preface, Catalogue of 8th ''Salon annuel du Cercle d'art Les Indépendants'', Musée moderne de Bruxelles, 10 June – 3 July 1911. * ''La Vie anecdotique'', Chroniques dans Le Mercure de France, 1911–1918 * ''Pages d'histoire, chronique des grands siècles de France'', chronicles, 1912 * ''[[The Cubist Painters, Aesthetic Meditations|Les Peintres Cubistes, Méditations Esthétiques]]'', 1913 * ''La Peinture moderne'', 1913 * ''L'Antitradition futuriste, manifeste synthèse'', 1913 * ''Jean Metzinger à la Galerie Weill'', Chroniques d'art de Guillaume Apollinaire, ''L'Intransigeant'', Paris Journal, 27 May 1914 * ''Case d'Armons'', 1915 * ''L'esprit nouveau et les poètes'', 1918 * ''Le Flâneur des Deux Rives'', chronicles, 1918 === Translations into English === * ''The Poet Assassinated'', trans. [[Matthew Josephson]] (The Broom Publishing, 1923) * ''Selected Writings'', trans. [[Roger Shattuck]] (New Directions, 1948) *''Alcools: Poems 1898–1913'', trans. Walter Meredith (Doubleday, 1964) *''Alcools'', trans. Anne Hyde Greet (University of California Press, 1965) * ''Selected Poems'', trans. [[Oliver Bernard]] (Penguin, 1965; expanded, bilingual edition, Anvil Press, 1986) * ''The Heresiarch and Co.'', trans. Rémy Inglis Hall (1965), published in the UK as ''The Wandering Jew and Other Stories'' (1967)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Apollinaire |first=Guillaume |url=http://archive.org/details/wanderingjewothe0000apol |title=The Wandering Jew, and other stories; |date=1967 |publisher=London: Hart-Davis |others=Internet Archive}}</ref> * ''The Poet Assassinated'', trans. [[Ron Padgett]] (Holt, Rinehart & Winston, 1968) * ''Calligrams'', trans. Anne Hyde Greet (Unicorn Press, 1970)<ref>{{Cite book |last=Apollinaire |first=Guillaume |url=http://archive.org/details/calligrammespoem0000apol |title=Calligrammes : poems of peace and war (1913–1916) |date=1980 |publisher=Berkeley: University of California Press |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-520-01968-3}}</ref> * ''Apollinaire on Art: Essays and Reviews, 1902–1918'', trans. [[Susan Suleiman]] (1972) * ''Zone'', trans. [[Samuel Beckett]] (Dolmen Press, 1972) * ''Alcools: Poems'', trans. [[Donald Revell]] (Wesleyan University Press, 1995) * ''The Self-Dismembered Man: Selected Later Poems'', trans. Donald Revell (Wesleyan University Press, 2004) * ''The Little Auto'', trans. [[Beverley Bie Brahic]] (CB editions, 2012) *"Zone", trans. [[David Lehman]], in ''Virginia Quarterly Review'' (2013)<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lehman|first=David|date=Spring 2013|title=Apollinaire's "Zone"|url=https://www.vqronline.org/translations/apollinaires-zone|journal=Virginia Quarterly Review}}</ref> * ''Zone: Selected Poems'', trans. Ron Padgett (New York Review Books, 2015) * ''Selected Poems'', trans. Martin Sorrell (Oxford University Press, 2015)
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