Editing Governor General of Canada (section)

==Symbols and protocol==
As the personal representative of the monarch, the governor general follows only the sovereign in the [[Canadian order of precedence]], preceding even other members of the Royal Family. Though the federal viceroy is considered ''[[primus inter pares]]'' amongst provincial counterparts, the governor general also outranks the lieutenant governors in the federal sphere; at provincial functions, however, the relevant lieutenant governor, as the {{Canadian monarch, current|title=~}}'s representative in the province, precedes the governor general.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/atc-ac/partic-eng.cfm| last=Department of Canadian Heritage| author-link=Department of Canadian Heritage| title=Ceremonial and Canadian Symbols Promotion > Across Canada > Standards| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| access-date=19 June 2009| archive-date=3 January 2010| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103031618/http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/atc-ac/partic-eng.cfm| url-status=dead}}</ref> The incumbent governor general and their spouse are also the only people in Canada, other than serving [[Ambassadors and High Commissioners from Canada|Canadian ambassadors and high commissioners]], entitled to the use of the [[Style (manner of address)|style]] ''His'' or ''Her [[Excellency]]'' and the governor general is granted the additional honorific of ''[[the Right Honourable]]'' for their time in office and for life afterwards.<ref name=DND11-2>{{Harvnb| Department of National Defence| 1999| pp=11–2}}</ref><ref name=MacLeod37>{{Harvnb| MacLeod| 2015| p=37}}</ref><ref name="PCH Titles">{{cite web| url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/prtcl/titre-eng.cfm| last=Department of Canadian Heritage| author-link=Department of Canadian Heritage| title=Table of titles to be used in Canada (as revised on June&nbsp;18, 1993)| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| access-date=21 August 2009| archive-date=14 May 2009| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090514093458/http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/prtcl/titre-eng.cfm| url-status=dead}}</ref>
[[File:Michaëlle Jean 11-11-2007.jpg|thumb|left|[[Michaëlle Jean]] wearing the insignia of the [[Order of Canada]] and [[Order of Military Merit (Canada)|Order of Military Merit]] along with the [[Canadian Forces' Decoration]]]]

Until 1952, all governors general of Canada were members of the [[peerage]] or heir apparent to a peerage. Typically, individuals appointed as federal viceroy were already a peer, either by inheriting the title, such as the [[Victor Cavendish, 9th Duke of Devonshire|Duke of Devonshire]], or by prior elevation by the sovereign in their own right, as was the case with [[Harold Alexander, 1st Earl Alexander of Tunis|Earl Alexander of Tunis]]. None were [[life peer]]s, the [[Life Peerages Act 1958]] postdating the beginning of the tradition of appointing Canadian citizens as governor general. John Buchan was, in preparation for his appointment as governor general, made the Baron Tweedsmuir of Elsfield in the County of Oxford by King [[George V]], six months before Buchan was sworn in as viceroy. The leader of His Majesty's Loyal Opposition at the time, Mackenzie King, felt Buchan should serve as governor general as a commoner.<ref>{{Cite book| last=Reynolds| first=Louise| title=Mackenzie King: Friends & Lovers| publisher=Trafford Publishing| year=2005| location=Victoria| page=124| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8eZJQJOcTJkC| isbn=978-1-4120-5985-5}}</ref> However, George V insisted he be represented by a peer. With the appointment of Massey as governor general in 1952, governors general ceased to be members of the peerage; successive prime ministers since that date have held to the non-binding and defeated (in 1934) principles of the 1919 [[Canadian titles debate#The Nickle Resolution|Nickle Resolution]].

Under the orders' constitutions, the governor general serves as Chancellor and Principal Companion of the [[Order of Canada]],<ref>{{Cite book| last=Elizabeth II| author-link=Elizabeth II| date=28 October 2004| title=The Constitution of the Order of Canada| series=3| location=Ottawa| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| url=http://www.gg.ca/document.aspx?id=72| access-date=2 June 2009}}</ref> Chancellor of the [[Order of Military Merit (Canada)|Order of Military Merit]],<ref>{{Cite book|last=Elizabeth II |author-link=Elizabeth II |year=1997 |publication-date=1 April 1999 |contribution=Constitution of the Order of Canada |editor-last=Department of National Defence |editor-link=Department of National Defence (Canada) |title=The Honours, Flags and Heritage Structure of the Canadian Forces |pages=2C1–1 |location=Ottawa |publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada |id=A-AD-200-000/AG-000 |url=http://www.saskd.ca/heritage.pdf |access-date=2 June 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090325162006/http://www.saskd.ca/heritage.pdf |archive-date=25 March 2009}}</ref> and Chancellor of the [[Order of Merit of the Police Forces]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.gg.ca/document.aspx?id=72| last=Office of the Governor General of Canada| title=Honours > National Orders > Order of Merit of the Police Forces| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| access-date=2 June 2009}}</ref> The governor general also upon installation automatically becomes a Knight or Dame of Justice and the Prior and Chief Officer in Canada of the [[Venerable Order of Saint John|Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem]].<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.sja.ca/Canada/AboutUs/TheOrder/Pages/TheOrderofStJohninCanada.aspx| title=Canada Wide > About Us > The Order of St. John > The Order of St. John in Canada| publisher=St. John Ambulance Canada| access-date=2 June 2009| archive-date=4 October 2009| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091004014456/http://www.sja.ca/CANADA/ABOUTUS/THEORDER/Pages/TheOrderofStJohninCanada.aspx}}</ref> As acting commander-in-chief, the governor general is further routinely granted the [[Canadian Forces' Decoration]] by the [[Chief of the Defence Staff (Canada)|chief of the Defence Staff]] on behalf of the monarch. All of these honours are retained following an incumbent's departure from office, with the individual remaining in the highest categories of the orders, and they may also be further distinguished with induction into other orders or the receipt of other awards.{{refn|Some seven years after he left office, the Earl Alexander of Tunis was appointed as a Member of the [[Order of Merit]]. Similarly, Massey was awarded the [[Royal Victorian Chain]] by Queen Elizabeth II approximately six months after leaving the viceregal post and was in 1967 invested into the Order of Canada.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.answers.com/topic/vincent-massey| title=Library > Miscellaneous > Biographies > Vincent Massey| publisher=Answers Corporation| access-date=16 March 2009}}</ref> ichener was presented with the Royal Victorian Chain a few months before he retired as governor general.|group=n|name=Hons}}

The [[Honors music|Viceregal Salute]] — composed of the first six [[Bar (music)|bars]] of the Royal Anthem ("[[God Save the {{Canadian monarch, current|title=~}}]]") followed by the first and last four bars of the [[national anthem]] ("[[O Canada]]") — is the [[salute]] used to greet the governor general upon arrival and departure from most official events.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/prtcl/salut-eng.cfm#a6| last=Department of Canadian Heritage| title=Ceremonial and Canadian Symbols Promotion > Honours and salutes > Musical salute| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| access-date=3 June 2009| archive-date=3 April 2009| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090403180222/http://www.pch.gc.ca/pgm/ceem-cced/prtcl/salut-eng.cfm#a6| url-status=dead}}</ref> To mark the viceroy's presence at any building, ship, airplane, or car in Canada, the [[Flag of the governor general of Canada|governor general's flag]] is employed. The present form was adopted on 23 February 1981 and,<ref name=Flag>{{cite web| url=http://www.gg.ca/document.aspx?id=2| last=Office of the Governor General of Canada| title=Heraldry > Emblems of Canada and of Government House > Symbols of the Governor General > The Governor General's Flag| publisher=Queen's Printer for Canada| access-date=3 June 2009}}</ref> in the federal jurisdiction, takes precedence over all other flags except for the [[Royal flags of Canada|sovereign's flag for Canada]].<ref>{{Harvnb| Department of National Defence| 1999| p=14-2-2}}</ref> When the governor general undertakes a state visit, however, the [[Flag of Canada|national flag]] is generally employed to mark governor general's presence.<ref name=Flag /> This flag is also, along with all flags on Canadian Forces property, flown at half-mast upon the death of an incumbent or former governor general.<ref>{{Harvnb| Department of National Defence| 1999| p=4-2-6}}</ref>
[[File:Governor General of Canada Flag - Drapeau de la gouverneure générale du Canada (2138897131).jpg|thumb|The present [[Flag of the Governor General of Canada|flag of the governor general]] was adopted in 1981.]] 
The [[Crest (heraldry)|crest]] of the Royal [[Arms of Canada]] is employed as the badge of the governor general, appearing on the viceroy's flag and on other objects associated with the person or the office. This is the fourth such incarnation of the governor general's mark since confederation.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.crwflags.com/fotw/flags/ca-govg.html| last=Nelson| first=Phil| title=Governor General of Canada (Canada)| publisher=Flags of the World| access-date=23 April 2010}}</ref>

{| border="0" class="center" style="margin:1em auto; width:55%; table-layout:fixed"
|- style="text-align:center;"
| [[File:Crest of the Governor General of Canada 1901-1921.svg|70px]]
| [[File:Arms of Canada (1921–1957) (crowned).svg|70px]]
| [[File:Crest of the Governor General of Canada 1931-1953.svg|125px]]
| [[File:Crest of the Governor General of Canada 1953-1981.svg|125px]]
| [[File:Badge of the Governor-General of Canada.svg|150px]]
|- style="text-align:center;"
| 1901
| 1921
| 1931
| 1953
| 1981
|}

The governor general may also wear the uniform and corresponding cap or hat badge of a flag or general officer, with a special flag or general officer sleeve braid embellished with the governor general's badge, and a large embroidered governor general's badge on the [[Shoulder mark|shoulder straps or boards]], facing forward.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date=2024-02-01 |title=Dress instructions {{!}} Section 2 Rank insignia and appointment badges |url=https://www.canada.ca/en/services/defence/caf/military-identity-system/dress-manual/chapter-3/section-2.html |access-date=2024-10-21 |website=canada.ca}}</ref>
{| style="margin:1em auto; border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%;"
|- align="center" style="background-color:#CCCCCC; width: 100%"
! colspan="2" |Royal Canadian Navy
! colspan="2" |Canadian Army
! colspan="2" |Royal Canadian Air Force
|-
|[[File:Royal_Canadian_Navy_(Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces).svg|191x191px]]
|[[File:Royal_Canadian_Navy_sleeves_(Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces).svg|191x191px]]
|[[File:Canadian_Army_(Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces).svg|191x191px]]
|[[File:Canadian_Army_sleeves_(Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces).svg|191x191px]]
|[[File:Royal_Canadian_Air_Force_(Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces).svg|191x191px]]
|[[File:Royal_Canadian_Air_Force_sleeves_(Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Canadian_Armed_Forces).svg|191x191px]]
|-
| align="center" |Board
| align="center" |Sleeve
| align="center" |Board
| align="center" |Sleeve
| align="center" |Board
| align="center" |Sleeve
|}