Editing Glorious Revolution (section)

==Decision to invade==
[[File:Abraham Hulk - Fishing Boats by the Coast.jpg|thumb|upright=1.0|A Dutch herring fleet. French tariffs on this lucrative trade helped William build domestic support for military intervention.]]

At the beginning of September, an invasion remained in the balance, with the States General fearing a French attack via [[Flanders]] while their army was in England. However, the surrender of [[Siege of Belgrade (1688)|Belgrade]] on 6 September seemed to presage an Ottoman collapse and release Austrian resources for use in Germany. Hoping to act before Leopold could respond and relieve pressure on the Ottomans, Louis attacked [[Siege of Philippsburg (1688)|Philippsburg]]. With France now committed in Germany, this greatly reduced the threat to the Dutch.{{Sfn|McKay|Scott|1984|p=41}}

Instead, Louis attempted to intimidate the States General, and on 9 September, his envoy [[Jean-Antoine de Mesmes (diplomat)|D'Avaux]] handed them two letters. The first warned an attack on James meant war with France, the second any interference with French operations in Germany would end with the destruction of the Dutch state.{{Sfn|Jardine|2008|p=41}} Both misfired; convinced Louis was trying to drag him into war, James told the Dutch there was no secret Anglo-French alliance against them, although his denials only increased their suspicions. By confirming France's primary objective was the Rhineland, the second allowed William to move troops from the eastern border to the coast, even though most of the new mercenaries had yet to arrive.{{Sfn|Miller|1978|pp=178–179}}

On 22 September, the French seized over 100 Dutch ships, many owned by Amsterdam merchants; in response, on 26 September the Amsterdam City Council agreed to back William.{{Sfn|Jardine|2008|pp=39–40}} This was a significant decision since the Council dominated the [[States of Holland and West Friesland|States of Holland]], the most powerful political body in the Dutch Republic which contributed nearly 60% of its budget. French troops entered the Rhineland on 27 September and in a secret session held on 29th, William argued for a [[pre-emptive strike]], as Louis and James would "attempt to bring this state to its ultimate ruin and subjugation, as soon as they find the occasion". This was accepted by the States, with the objective left deliberately vague, other than making the English "King and Nation live in a good relation, and useful to their friends and allies, and especially to this State".{{Sfn|Jardine|2008|p=37}}

Following their approval, the Amsterdam financial market raised a loan of four million guilders in only three days, with further financing coming from various sources, including two million guilders from the banker [[Francisco Lopes Suasso]].{{Sfn|Jardine|2008|p=52}}{{Efn|When asked what security he desired, Suasso allegedly answered: "If you are victorious, you will surely repay me; if not, the loss is mine."{{Sfn|Swetschinsky|Schönduve|1988|p=53}}}} The biggest concern for Holland was the potential impact on the Dutch economy and politics of William becoming ruler of England; the claim he had no intention of "removing the King from the throne" was not believed. These fears were arguably justified; William's access to English resources permanently diminished Amsterdam's power within the Republic and its status as the world's leading commercial and financial centre.{{Sfn|Troost|2016|pp=206–207}}