Editing Giuseppe Mazzini (section)

===Religion===
Influenced by his [[Jansenist]] upbringing, Mazzini's thought is characterized by a strong religious fervour and a deep sense of spirituality. A deist who believed in divine providence, Mazzini described himself as a Christian and emphasized the necessity of faith and a relationship with God while vehemently denouncing  atheism and rationalism. His motto was ''Dio e Popolo'' ("God and People"). Mazzini regarded patriotism as a duty and love for the fatherland as a divine mission, stating that the fatherland was "the home wherein God has placed us, among brothers and sisters linked to us by the family ties of a common religion, history, and language".<ref>Venturi, Emilie Ashurst (1875). ''Joseph Mazzini. A Memoir By E.a.v. With Two Essays By Mazzini: Thoughts on Democracy, and the Duties of Man''. Henry S. King. p. 2.</ref> According to [[A. James Gregor]], "Mazzini's creed for the New Age thus radically distinguished itself from the orthodox Marxism of the nineteenth century. His Socialism was alive with moral purpose, rather than class identity, infused with exalted intent and specifically inspired by a sense of national, rather than class, mission. It saw itself, unabashedly, as a new religion, a 'climb through ''philosophy'' to ''faith''<nowiki/>'. It was a religion predicated on a 'living faith in one God, one Law, general and immutable ... and one End."<ref>Gregor, A. James (2014). "Chapter 3. Marxism, Revolution, and the Making of New Nations". ''Marxism and the Making of China: A Doctrinal History'' (illustrated ed.). New York: Springer. {{ISBN|9781137379498}}.</ref>

In his 1835 publication ''Fede e avvenire'' ("Faith and the Future"), Mazzini wrote: "We must rise again as a religious party. The religious element is universal and immortal. ... The initiators of a new world, we are bound to lay the foundations of a moral unity, a Humanitarian Catholicism."<ref>Mazzini, Giuseppe (1921) [1835]. ''Fede e avvenire''. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 51.</ref> However, Mazzini's relationship with the Catholic Church and the [[Papacy]] was not always a kind one. While he initially supported [[Pope Pius IX]] upon his election, writing an open letter to him in 1847, Mazzini later published a scathing attack against the pope in his ''Sull'Enciclica di Papa Pio IX'' ("On the Encyclical of Pope Pius IX") in 1849. Although some of his religious views were at odds with the Catholic Church and the Papacy, with his writings often tinged with [[anti-clericalism]], Mazzini also criticized [[Protestantism]], stating that it is "divided and subdivided into a thousand sects, all founded on the rights of individual conscience, all eager to make war on one another, and perpetuating that anarchy of beliefs which is the sole true cause of the social and political disturbances that torment the peoples of Europe".<ref>Mazzini, Giuseppe (1862). ''The Duties of Man'' (reprint ed.). London: Chapman & Hall. p. 52. {{ISBN|9781421268194}}.</ref>