Editing George Bernard Shaw (section)

===Fabian years: 1900–1913===
[[File:George Bernard Shaw notebook.jpg|thumb|upright|left|alt=Man in late middle age, with full head of hair, full beard, and combative facial expression|Shaw in 1914, aged 57]]
In 1899, when the [[Second Boer War|Boer War]] began, Shaw wished the Fabians to take a neutral stance on what he deemed, like [[Irish Home Rule movement|Home Rule]], to be a "non-Socialist" issue. Others, including the future Labour prime minister [[Ramsay MacDonald]], wanted unequivocal opposition, and resigned from the society when it followed Shaw.{{sfn|Pelling|1965|pp=187–188}} In the Fabians' war manifesto, ''Fabianism and the Empire'' (1900), Shaw declared that "until the Federation of the World becomes an accomplished fact we must accept the most responsible Imperial federations available as a substitute for it".{{sfn|Shaw: ''Fabianism and the Empire'' 1900|p=24}}

As the new century began, Shaw became increasingly disillusioned by the limited impact of the Fabians on national politics.{{sfn|McBriar|1962|p=83}} Thus, although a nominated Fabian delegate, he did not attend the London conference at the Memorial Hall, Farringdon Street in February 1900, that created the [[Labour Representation Committee (1900)|Labour Representation Committee]]—precursor of the modern [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]].{{sfn|Cole|1961|p=90}} By 1903, when his term as borough councillor expired, he had lost his earlier enthusiasm, writing: "After six years of Borough Councilling I am convinced that the borough councils should be abolished".{{sfn|Holroyd|1989|pp=46–47}} Nevertheless, in 1904 he stood in the [[London County Council]] elections. After an eccentric campaign, which Holroyd characterises as "[making] absolutely certain of not getting in", he was duly defeated. It was Shaw's final foray into electoral politics.{{sfn|Holroyd|1989|pp=46–47}} Nationally, the [[1906 United Kingdom general election|1906 general election]] produced a huge Liberal majority and an intake of 29 Labour members. Shaw viewed this outcome with scepticism; he had a low opinion of the new prime minister, [[Henry Campbell-Bannerman|Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman]], and saw the Labour members as inconsequential: "I apologise to the Universe for my connection with such a body".{{sfn|Holroyd|1989|pp=125–126}}

In the years after the 1906 election, Shaw felt that the Fabians needed fresh leadership, and saw this in the form of his fellow-writer [[H. G. Wells]], who had joined the society in February 1903.{{sfn|Holroyd|1989|pp=129–133}} Wells's ideas for reform—particularly his proposals for closer cooperation with the Independent Labour Party—placed him at odds with the society's "Old Gang", led by Shaw.{{sfn|Holroyd|1989|pp=142–145}} According to Cole, Wells "had minimal capacity for putting [his ideas] across in public meetings against Shaw's trained and practised virtuosity".{{sfn|Cole|1961|p=123}} In Shaw's view, "the Old Gang did not extinguish Mr Wells, he annihilated himself".{{sfn|Cole|1961|p=123}} Wells resigned from the society in September 1908;{{sfn|Holroyd|1989|p=259}} Shaw remained a member, but left the executive in April 1911. He later wondered whether the Old Gang should have given way to Wells some years earlier: "God only knows whether the Society had not better have done it".{{sfn|Cole|1961|p=144}}{{sfn|Holroyd|1989|pp=267–268}} Although less active—he blamed his advancing years—Shaw remained a Fabian.{{sfn|Holroyd|1989|p=318}}

In 1912 Shaw invested £1,000 for a one-fifth share in the Webbs' new publishing venture, a socialist weekly magazine called ''[[New Statesman|The New Statesman]]'', which appeared in April 1913. He became a founding director, publicist, and in due course a contributor, mostly anonymously.{{sfn|Smith|2013|pp=38–42}} He was soon at odds with the magazine's editor, [[Clifford Sharp]], who by 1916 was rejecting his contributions—"the only paper in the world that refuses to print anything by me", according to Shaw.{{sfn|Holroyd|1989|pp=319–321}}