Editing Geography of Tuvalu (section)

===Tsunami===
[[Nui (atoll)|Nui]] was struck by a giant wave on 16 February 1882;<ref name="TAH10">{{cite book |first1=Sotaga |last1=Pape |editor-first1=Hugh |editor-last1=Laracy |title= Tuvalu: A History (Chapter 10) Nui|year= 1983 |publisher= Institute of Pacific Studies, University of the South Pacific and Government of Tuvalu|pages=76|chapter=10}}</ref> earthquakes and volcanic eruptions occurring in the basin of the [[Pacific Ocean]] and along the Pacific [[Ring of Fire]] are a possible cause of a [[tsunami]]. There is [[2007 Solomon Islands earthquake#Tectonic summary|earthquake activity in the Solomon Islands]], where earthquakes occurred in relation to the New Hebrides Trench,<ref name="TCAP-F50">{{cite report|last= FCG ANZDEC Ltd |title = Tuvalu Coastal Adaptation Project: Environmental and Social Impact Assessment - Funafuti |date= 7 October 2020 |publisher= The Pacific Community |pages=50|chapter= |url= https://www.adaptation-undp.org/Tuvalu-Coastal-Adaptation-Project-TCAP-ESIA-Funafuti |access-date=6 February 2021}}</ref><ref name="TCAP-NN61">{{cite report|last=  FCG ANZDEC Ltd |title = Tuvalu Coastal Adaptation Project: Environmental and Social Impact Assessment - Nanumaga and Nanumea |date= 7 August 2020 |publisher= The Pacific Community |pages=61|chapter= |url= https://www.adaptation-undp.org/Tuvalu-Coastal-Adaptation-Project-TCAP-ESIA-Nanumaga-Nanumea |access-date=4 February 2021}}</ref> and movement along the boundary of the [[Pacific Plate]] with, respectively, the [[Indo-Australian Plate|Indo-Australia]], [[Woodlark Plate|Woodlark]], and Solomon Sea plates.<ref name=USGSSummary>{{Cite web |url=https://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/eqinthenews/2007/us2007aqbk/ |title=Magnitude 8.1 – SOLOMON ISLANDS – Summary|work=USGS Earthquake Hazards Program |access-date=2 April 2007| archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20070406185859/http://earthquake.usgs.gov/eqcenter/eqinthenews/2007/us2007aqbk/| archive-date= 6 April 2007 | url-status= live}}</ref>

Tuvalu has the third lowest tsunami risk of Pacific Island countries, with a maximum tsunami amplitude of 1.6m for a 2000-year return period (comparatively, the highest is 5.2m for PNG, and the lowest is 1m for Nauru).<ref name="TCBD">{{cite report |first1=C. |last1=Thomas |last2=Burbidge |first2=D |title =A Probabilistic Tsunami Hazard. Assessment of the Southwest Pacific Nations. Geoscience Australia Professional Opinion No.2009/02. Rereleased 2011/11 |year= 2009 |publisher=  Geoscience Australia (GA)|pages=|chapter= |url= http://www.ga.gov.au/webtemp/image_cache/GA20154.pdf |access-date=12 February 2021}}</ref> The assessment of the tsunami risk of Tuvalu was that major source of risk was activity associated with the New Hebrides trench. The orientation of the trench vis-à-vis the islands of Tuvalu results in the conclusion that most of the energy originating from New Hebrides trench is likely to be directed towards the southern islands of Tuvalu, so that the tsunami risk is lower for the northern islands when compared to the southern islands.<ref name="TCBD"/><ref name="TCAP-F50"/><ref name="TCAP-NN61-1">{{cite report|last=  FCG ANZDEC Ltd |title = Tuvalu Coastal Adaptation Project: Environmental and Social Impact Assessment - Nanumaga and Nanumea |date= 7 August 2020 |publisher= The Pacific Community |pages=61|chapter= |url= https://www.adaptation-undp.org/Tuvalu-Coastal-Adaptation-Project-TCAP-ESIA-Nanumaga-Nanumea |access-date=12 February 2021}}</ref>