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=== Hong Kong's "Gangs of Four" === In 2013, mainland Chinese state media labelled [[Anson Chan]], [[Martin Lee]], [[Joseph Zen]] and [[Jimmy Lai]] as 'Hong Kong's "Gang of Four"' due to their alleged foreign connections.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/hkedition/2013-04/26/content_16450955.htm|title=What's Chan up to?|publisher=China Daily|date=2013-04-26|access-date=2019-08-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814110426/http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/hkedition/2013-04/26/content_16450955.htm|archive-date=2019-08-14|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2016, the pro-Beijing newspaper [[Sing Pao Daily News]] started publishing editorials that criticized [[Tung Chee-hwa]], [[Leung Chun-ying]], [[Zhang Xiaoming]] and [[Jiang Zaizhong]] as another 'Hong Kong's Gang of Four'. The articles claim that although all of them appeared to be loyal to Beijing, they were actually betraying it and destabilizing Hong Kong for their personal interest, by igniting social and political conflicts, as well as through other mischievous means.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Loh |first=Christine |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1064543683 |title=Underground front : the Chinese Communist Party in Hong Kong |date=2018 |isbn=978-988-8455-79-9 |edition=Second |location=Hong Kong |oclc=1064543683}}</ref> In 2019, Chinese state media labelled Anson Chan, Martin Lee, Jimmy Lai and [[Albert Ho]] as yet another 'Gang of Four of Hong Kong' due to their alleged collusion with foreign forces in relation to the [[2019β2020 Hong Kong protests]].<ref name=ftgang>{{cite news |title=Hong Kong's 'Gang of Four' hits back at Beijing |url=https://www.ft.com/content/d7e73864-c3b8-11e9-a8e9-296ca66511c9 |publisher=FT |date=August 22, 2019 |quote=Official Communist Party of China mouthpieces have run editorials over several days labelling the four individuals as Hong Kong's "Gang of Four", a chilling reference to four party members who rose to prominence during China's Cultural Revolution in the 1960s before being charged with treason. |access-date=August 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190825072013/https://www.ft.com/content/d7e73864-c3b8-11e9-a8e9-296ca66511c9 |archive-date=August 25, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name=bloomberggang>{{cite news |title=China Compares Hong Kong Democrats to Mao-Era 'Gang of Four' |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-08-19/china-compares-hong-kong-s-democrats-to-mao-era-gang-of-four |agency=Bloomberg |publisher=Bloomberg |date=August 19, 2019 |access-date=August 30, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190830080406/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-08-19/china-compares-hong-kong-s-democrats-to-mao-era-gang-of-four |archive-date=August 30, 2019 |url-status=live }}</ref> The phrase has in turn been denounced by the four individuals.<ref name=ftgang/>
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