Editing Fricative (section)

===Nasalized fricatives===
Phonemically [[nasalization|nasalized]] fricatives are rare. [[Umbundu]] has {{IPA|/ṽ/}} and Kwangali and [[Souletin dialect|Souletin Basque]] have {{IPA|/h̃/}}. In [[Coatzospan Mixtec]], {{IPA|[β̃, ð̃, s̃, ʃ̃]}} appear allophonically before a nasal vowel, and in Igbo nasality is a feature of the syllable; when {{IPA|/f v s z ʃ ʒ/}} occur in nasal syllables they are themselves nasalized.<ref>Laver (1994: 255&ndash;256) ''Principles of Phonetics''</ref>

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{|class="wikitable"
|+Types of fricative{{efn|There are likely to be more aspirated, murmured and nasal fricatives than shown here. {{angbr IPA|s̄ ṣ ŝ}} are not IPA transcription.}}
! ||bilabial||labio-<br>dental||linguo-<br>labial||inter-<br>dental||dental||denti-<br>alveolar||alveolar||post-<br>alveolar||palatal/<br>retroflex||velar||uvular||pharyn-<br>geal||glottal
|-align=center
!central non-sibilant
|rowspan=2|{{IPA|ɸ β}}||rowspan=2|{{IPA|f v}} <br>{{IPA|fʰ vʱ}}||{{IPA|θ̼ ð̼}}||{{nowrap|{{IPA|θ̟ ð̟  (θ̪͆ ð̪͆)}}}}||{{IPA|θ ð}}||{{IPA|θ̠ ð̠}}||{{nowrap|{{IPA|θ͇ ð͇}} <small>(laminal)</small>}}<br>{{IPA|ɹ̝̊ ɹ̝}} <small>(apical)</small>||{{IPA|ɹ̠̊˔ ɹ̠˔}}||{{IPA|ç ʝ}} <small>(laminal)</small><br>{{IPA|ɻ̝̊ ɻ̝}} <small>(apical)</small>||{{IPA|x ɣ}} <br>{{IPA|xʰ ɣʱ}}||{{IPA|χ̝ ʁ̝}}||{{IPA|ħ̝ ʕ̝}}||{{IPA|h̝}} <br>{{IPA|ɦ̝}}
|-align=center
![[lateral fricative]]
| || ||{{IPA|ɬ̪ ɮ̪}}|| ||{{IPA|ɬ ɮ}}<br>{{IPA|ɬʰ ɮʱ}}|| {{IPA|ɬ̠ ɮ̠}} ||{{nowrap|{{IPA|𝼆 ʎ̝}} <small>(laminal)</small>}}<br>{{IPA|ꞎ ɭ˔}} <small>(apical)</small>||{{IPA|𝼄 ʟ̝}}||
!colspan=2|
|-align=center
!laminal [[sibilant]]
!colspan=4| 
|{{IPA|s̻̪ z̻̪}} ||{{nowrap|{{IPA|s̄ z̄}} ({{IPA|s̟ z̟}})}}||{{IPA|{{IPA|s͇ z͇}}}} <br>{{IPA|s͇ʰ z͇ʱ}}||{{IPA|s̠ z̠}} ({{IPA|s̻̠ z̻̠}})<br>{{nowrap|{{IPA|ʃ̻ ʒ̻}} <small>(domed)</small>}}<br>{{nowrap|{{IPA|ŝ ẑ}} ({{IPA|ʆ ʓ}}) <small>(closed)</small>}}||{{IPA|ɕ ʑ}} <br>{{IPA|ɕʰ ʑʱ}}
!colspan=4| 
|-align=center
!apical sibilant
!colspan=4| 
|{{IPA|s̺̪ z̺̪}}
!
|{{IPA|s̺ z̺}}||{{nowrap|{{IPA|ṣ ẓ}} ({{IPA|s̺̠ z̺̠}})}}<br>{{IPA|ʃ̺ ʒ̺}}<br>ʃʰ ʒʱ||{{IPA|ʂ ʐ}} <br>{{IPA|ʂʰ ʐʱ}}
!colspan=4| 
|-align=center
![[fricative trill (disambiguation)|fricative trill]]
|colspan=6| ||{{IPA|r̝̊ r̝}}
|
!colspan=2| 
|{{IPA|ʀ̝̊ ʀ̝}}
|{{IPA|ʜ ʢ}}
!
|-align=center
![[fricative flap (disambiguation)|fricative flap]]
|colspan=6| ||{{IPA|ɾ̞̊ ɾ̞}}
|
!colspan=2| 
|
|
!
|-align=center
!nasalized fricative
| {{IPA|ɸ̃ β̃}}||{{IPA|f̃ ṽ}}|| || ||{{IPA|θ̃ ð̃}}|| ||{{IPA|s̃ z̃}}||{{IPA|ʃ̃ ʒ̃}}|| || || || ||{{IPA|h̃}}
|}