Editing Fortifications of Cairo (section)

=== Eastern gates ===
{{Main|Bab al-Barqiyya}}
[[File:Bab_al-barqiyya.jpg|thumb|[[Bab al-Barqiyya]] (possibly the historic Bab al-Jadid), an Ayyubid gate rediscovered during excavations in 1998]]
One of the eastern gates of the city, part of the Ayyubid reconstruction of the walls, was also uncovered in 1998 and subsequently studied and restored. It has a complex defensive layout including a [[bent entrance]] and a bridge over a [[moat]] or [[Ditch (fortification)|ditch]].<ref name=":8" /> Initially identified as ''[[Bab al-Barqiyya]]'',<ref name=":8" /> it is possible that it was actually known as ''Bab al-Jadid'' ("New Gate"), one of the three eastern gates mentioned by [[al-Maqrizi]]. If so, then the name ''Bab al-Barqiyya'' most likely corresponded to another gate a short distance to the northeast.<ref name=":10">{{Cite journal |last=Pradines |first=Stephane |date=2008 |title=Bab al-Tawfiq: une porte du Caire fatimide oubliée par l'histoire |url=https://www.academia.edu/1478648 |journal=Le Muséon |volume=121 |issue=1–2 |pages=143–170}}</ref> The latter gate, originally discovered in the 1950s,<ref name=":11" /> dates from Badr al-Gamali's time and, according to an inscription, was also called ''Bab al-Tawfiq'' ("Gate of Success"). It would have replaced the earlier 10th-century Fatimid gate in this area. Archeologists discovered a number of ancient stones with Pharaonic inscriptions that were re-used in the gate's construction.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Régen |first1=Isabelle |last2=Postel |first2=Lilian |date=2005 |title=Annales héliopolitaines et fragments de Sésostris I réemployés dans la porte de Bâb al-Tawfiq au Caire |url=https://www.academia.edu/1900432 |journal=Bulletin de l'Institut français d'archéologie orientale |volume=105 |pages=229–293}}</ref><ref name=":10" /><ref name=":1" />{{Rp|page=99}} It was likely replaced by an Ayyubid-era gate built in front of it, but as of 2008 this had not yet been excavated.<ref name=":10" />

Another gate further north, near the northeast corner of the walls, was known as ''Bab al-Jadid'' up to the present day and thus possibly contributed to confusion over the identification of the Ayyubid gate uncovered in 1998, with which it shares a similar layout.<ref name=":10" />