Editing Five Barbarians (section)

== Other non-Han groups ==

=== Lushuihu ===
{{Main articles|Lushuihu}}
The Lushuihu (盧水胡; Lu River Barbarians) were an ethnic group that were distributed between [[Zhangye]] in modern-day [[Gansu]] and central [[Shaanxi|Shaaxi]]. Their origin is still debated by scholars today, and a leading theory is that they were descendants of the [[Yuezhi|Lesser Yuezhi]] that intermingled with the [[Qiang (historical people)|Qiang]] people. The Juqu clan of the Northern Liang dynasty were of Lushuihu ethnicity, but as their ancestors once served under the Xiongnu empire, they have been classified in more recent historiographies as "Xiongnu" to fit the Five Barbarians terminology.

=== Ba Cong ===
{{main|Bandun Man}}
The region of [[Ba (state)|Ba]] in eastern [[Sichuan]] was home to the [[Bandun Man]], who were also known as the Cong people (賨人) as their taxes were collected by the Han dynasty in the form of a money called ''cong'' (賨). Many of the Cong moved north to [[Hanzhong Basin|Hanzhong]] to become followers of the [[Way of the Five Pecks of Rice]], but after [[Cao Cao]] conquered the region in 215, they were resettled further north to [[Lueyang|Lüeyang Commandery]], where they mingled with the local Di people. These people became known as the Ba-Di, with Ba referring to their ancestral homeland. The Li clan of Ba-Di ethnicity later moved back to Sichuan during [[Qi Wannian|Qi Wannian's]] rebellion, where they founded the [[Cheng-Han]] dynasty in 304. Later, the Ba chieftain, [[Gou Quzhi]] led the Ba and other tribes in [[Guanzhong]] against the [[Han-Zhao|Han-Zhao dynasty]] in 320.

=== Dingling ===
{{main|Dingling}}
The Dingling were a nomadic people that originally lived south of [[Lake Baikal]] and were vassals of the Xiongnu empire. A branch of the Dingling migrated west and resided in [[Kangju]], becoming known as the Western Dingling, before moving into China. During the Sixteen Kingdoms period, the Zhai clan of the Western Dingling were one of the earliest groups to rebel against the [[Former Qin]] after their defeat at the [[Battle of Fei River]], and in 388, they founded the short-lived [[Zhai Wei|Zhai Wei dynasty]], which is not considered as one of the Sixteen Kingdoms. The Dingling that remained behind on the northern steppes were later known at the [[Dingling|Chile]], [[Gaoche]] or [[Tiele people]].

=== Goguryeo ===
{{main|Goguryeo}}
Goguryeo was one of the [[Three Kingdoms of Korea]] and a rival to the Murong-Xianbei during the [[Sixteen Kingdoms]] period. During its invasion of Goguryeo in 342, the Former Yan captured several members of the Goguryeo imperial family and resettled them in Qingshan (青山, in modern [[Jinzhou]], [[Liaoning]]). One of them, [[Gao Yun (emperor)|Gao Yun]], served the [[Later Yan|Later Yan dynasty]] and eventually overthrew the Murong. Historians either consider him to be the last ruler of Later Yan or the first ruler of [[Northern Yan]], though his successors were from the Feng clan of Han Chinese ethnicity. According to the ''Xi Rong Lun'', there were also several Goguryeo families living in [[Xingyang]] since the [[Cao Wei]] period following the [[Goguryeo–Wei War|Wei campaigns against Goguryeo]].

=== Wuhuan ===
{{main|Wuhuan}}
Much like the Xianbei, the [[Wuhuan]] was another group that splintered from the Donghu people. Since the 2nd century BC, the Han dynasty allowed them to settle in the northeastern commanderies of [[Shanggu Commandery|Shanggu]], [[Yuyang Commandery|Yuyang]], [[Youbeiping Commandery|Youbeiping]], [[Liaodong Commandery|Liaodong]] and [[Liaoxi Commandery|Liaoxi]] in exchange for their military services. During the fall of Han, the Wuhuan looked to establish their own dominion, but their power was broken after Cao Cao defeated them at the [[Battle of White Wolf Mountain]] in 207. Many of the Wuhuan were relocated further south in China, and they gradually lost their cultural identity as they assimilated with the Han Chinese and Xianbei that filled the power vacuum. The Wuhuan continued to appear during the Jin dynasty and Sixteen Kingdoms period, but their name had become a generic term for ''[[Hu (people)|hu]]'' tribes with Donghu backgrounds. They fought as auxiliaries for the Jin during the [[War of the Eight Princes]] and [[Upheaval of the Five Barbarians]], and there were several fortified settlements (塢堡; ''wubao'') in northern China that were led by the Wuhuan during the [[Later Yan|Later Yan dynasty]] period.