Editing Euroscepticism (section)

==History in the European Parliament==

===1999–2004===
A study analysed voting records of the Fifth European Parliament and ranked groups, concluding:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fedtrust.co.uk/admin/uploads/FedT_workshop_HixNoury.pdf|title=After Enlargement: Voting Behaviour in the Sixth European Parliament|author1=Simon Hix|author2=Abdul Noury|website=The UK Federal Trust for Education and Research|date=17 March 2006|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925211417/http://www.fedtrust.co.uk/admin/uploads/FedT_workshop_HixNoury.pdf|archive-date=25 September 2006}}</ref> "Towards the top of the figure are the more pro-European parties (PES, EPP-ED, and ALDE), whereas towards the bottom of the figure are the more anti-European parties (EUL/NGL, G/EFA, UEN and EDD)."

===2004–2009===
In 2004, 37 [[Member of the European Parliament|Members of the European Parliament]] (MEPs) from the UK, [[Poland]], [[Denmark]] and [[Sweden]] founded a new European Parliament group called "[[Independence and Democracy]]" from the old [[Europe of Democracies and Diversities]] (EDD) group.

The main goal of the ID group was to reject the proposed [[Treaty establishing a constitution for Europe]]. Some delegations within the group, notably that from UKIP, also advocated the complete withdrawal of their country from the EU, while others only wished to limit further European integration.

===2009 elections===
The [[2009 European Parliament election|elections of 2009]] saw a significant fall in support in some areas for Eurosceptic parties, with all such MEPs from Poland, Denmark and Sweden losing their seats. In the UK, the Eurosceptic UKIP achieved second place in the election, finishing ahead of the governing Labour Party, and the [[British National Party]] (BNP) won its first-ever two MEPs. Although new members joined the ID group from Greece and the [[Netherlands]], it was unclear whether the group would reform in the new parliament.{{citation needed|date=March 2016}}

The ID group did reform, as the [[Europe of Freedom and Democracy]] (EFD) and is represented by 32 MEPs from nine countries.{{Sfnp|FitzGibbon|Leruth|Startin|2016|p=4{{ndash}}6}}

===2014 elections===
The [[2014 European Parliament election|elections of 2014]] saw a big anti-establishment vote in favour of Eurosceptic parties, which took around a quarter of the seats available. Those that came first their national elections included: UKIP in the UK (the first time since 1906 that a party other than Labour or the Conservatives had won a national vote), the [[National Front (France)|National Front]] in France, the [[Danish People's Party|People's Party]] in Denmark and [[Coalition of the Radical Left|Syriza]] in Greece. Second places were taken by [[Sinn Féin]] in Ireland and the [[Five Star Movement]] in Italy. [[Herman Van Rompuy]], the [[President of the European Council]], agreed following the election to re-evaluate the economic area's agenda and to launch consultations on future policy areas with the 28 member states.{{Citation needed|date=July 2015}}

===2019 elections===
The [[2019 European Parliament election|elections of 2019]] saw the centre-left and centre-right parties suffer significant losses including losing their overall majority, while [[green politics|green]], [[Pro-Europeanism|pro-EU]] liberal, and some Eurosceptic right wing parties saw significant gains.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-48420697 |title=European elections 2019: Country-by-country roundup – BBC News |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date= 27 May 2019|access-date=15 July 2019|work=BBC News }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-48420024 |title=European elections 2019: What were the clear trends? – BBC News |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date= 27 May 2019|access-date=15 July 2019|work=BBC News |last1=Adler |first1=Katya }}</ref> Those that came first in their national elections included: the [[Brexit Party]] in the UK (which was only launched on 12 April 2019 by former UKIP leader [[Nigel Farage]]), the [[National Rally (France)|National Rally]] of France (formerly the National Front party until June 2018), [[Fidesz]] in Hungary, [[Lega Nord|Lega]] in Italy, and [[Law and Justice]] in Poland. There were also notable falls in support for the [[Danish People's Party]] (previously topped the 2014 European election). Whilst [[Vox (political party)|Vox]] got elected with 3 seats, Spain's first Eurosceptic party and Belgium's [[Vlaams Belang]] rallied to gain second place after its poor 2014 result.

===2024 elections===
In the [[2024 European Parliament elections|elections of 2024]], 24 EU countries elected at least one member of a Eurosceptic group ([[European Conservatives and Reformists Group]], [[Patriots for Europe]] or [[Europe of Sovereign Nations Group|Europe of Sovereign Nations]]). The three exceptions were [[2024 European Parliament election in Ireland|Ireland]], [[2024 European Parliament election in Malta|Malta]] and [[2024 European Parliament election in Slovenia|Slovenia]].<ref name="h164">{{cite web | last=Poloni | first=Giulia | title=European Election results, polls and election news | website=POLITICO | date=2023-12-20 | url=https://www.politico.eu/europe-poll-of-polls/european-parliament-election/ | access-date=2024-06-15}}</ref><ref name="c091">{{cite web | title=European Parliament Election 2024 | website=Europe Elects | date=2024-06-14 | url=https://europeelects.eu/ep2024/ | access-date=2024-06-15}}</ref>