Editing Embryo (section)

=== Cryoconservation of plant and animal biodiversity ===
[[Cryoconservation of animal genetic resources|Cryoconservation of genetic resources]] involves collecting and storing the reproductive materials, such as embryos, seeds, or gametes, from animal or plant species at low temperatures in order to preserve them for future use.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.fao.org/3/a0399e/A0399E06.htm |title=II. Use of cryopreservation and reproductive technologies for conservation of genetic resources |first1=Sipke Joost |last1=Hiemstra |first2=Tette |last2=van der Lende |first3=Henri |last3=Woelders |first4=Bart |last4=Panis |first5=Maurizio |last5=Lambardi |work=The Role of Biotechnology in Exploring and Protecting Agricultural Genetic Resources |publisher=Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations |date=2006 |editor-first1=John |editor-last1=Ruane |editor-first2=Andrea |editor-last2=Sonnino |access-date=2020-04-15 |archive-date=2022-05-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220503161025/https://www.fao.org/3/a0399e/A0399E06.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> Some large-scale animal species cryoconservation efforts include "[[frozen zoo]]s" in various places around the world, including in the UK's [[Frozen Ark]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Frozen Ark |url=https://www.frozenark.org/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240414160526/https://www.frozenark.org/ |archive-date=Apr 14, 2024 |website=frozenark.org}}</ref> the Breeding Centre for Endangered Arabian Wildlife (BCEAW) in the United Arab Emirates,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.bceaw.ae/|title=Breeding Centre for Endangered Arabian Wildlife|website=bceaw.ae|access-date=2020-04-15|archive-date=2020-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200128163136/http://www.bceaw.ae/|url-status=live}}</ref> and the [[San Diego Zoo]] Institute for Conservation in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://institute.sandiegozoo.org/resources/frozen-zoo%C2%AE|title=Frozen Zoo®|date=2016-01-26|website=San Diego Zoo Institute for Conservation Research|language=en|access-date=2020-04-15|archive-date=2024-09-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910221053/https://science.sandiegozoo.org/resources/frozen-zoo%C2%AE|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/san-diegos-frozen-zoo-180971276/|title=San Diego's Frozen Zoo Offers Hope for Endangered Species Around the World|website=Smithsonian Magazine|language=en|access-date=2020-04-15|archive-date=2024-09-10|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240910221053/https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/san-diegos-frozen-zoo-180971276/|url-status=live}}</ref> As of 2018, there were approximately 1,700 seed banks used to store and protect plant biodiversity, particularly in the event of mass extinction or other global emergencies.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/features/seed-vault-doomsday-svalbard-norway-milennium-kew-biodiversity-bank-gene-a8237221.html|title=A vast crypt was built to protect humans from the apocalypse. But doomsday might already be here|date=2018-03-04|website=The Independent|language=en|access-date=2020-04-15|archive-date=2020-11-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109032059/http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/features/seed-vault-doomsday-svalbard-norway-milennium-kew-biodiversity-bank-gene-a8237221.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The [[Svalbard Global Seed Vault]] in Norway maintains the largest collection of plant reproductive tissue, with more than a million samples stored at {{cvt|-18|C}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.croptrust.org/our-work/svalbard-global-seed-vault/|title=Svalbard Global Seed Vault|website=Crop Trust|language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-15|archive-date=2019-01-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190102082044/https://www.croptrust.org/our-work/svalbard-global-seed-vault/|url-status=live}}</ref>