Editing Edward II of England (section)

===Coronation and marriage===
[[File:Edward II - British Library Royal 20 A ii f10 (detail).jpg|thumb|alt=picture of Edward II being crowned|Edward II shown receiving the English crown in a contemporary illustration]]

Edward I mobilised another army for the Scottish campaign in 1307, which Prince Edward was due to join that summer, but the elderly king had been increasingly unwell and died on 7 July at [[Burgh by Sands]].<ref name="Phillips 2011 123">{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=123}}.</ref> Edward travelled from London immediately after the news reached him, and on 20 July he was proclaimed king.<ref name=Phillips2011PP125/> He continued north into Scotland and on 4 August received homage from his Scottish supporters at [[Dumfries]], before abandoning the campaign and returning south.<ref name="Phillips2011PP125">{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=125–126}}.</ref> Edward promptly recalled Piers Gaveston, who was then in exile, and made him [[Earl of Cornwall]], before arranging his marriage to the wealthy Margaret de Clare.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=126–127}}.</ref>{{Efn|Despite Edward appointing Piers Gaveston as the Earl of Cornwall in 1307, Edward's [[Chancery (medieval office)|chancery]] declined to recognise him as such until 1309.<ref>{{Harvnb|Chaplais|1994|p=53}}.</ref>}} Edward also arrested his old adversary Bishop Langton, and dismissed him from his post as treasurer.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=129}}.</ref> Edward&nbsp;I's body was kept at [[Waltham Abbey Church|Waltham Abbey]] for several months before being taken for burial to Westminster, where Edward erected a simple [[marble]] tomb for his father.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=131}}.</ref>{{Efn|The story that Edward I had asked his son to swear to boil his body, bury the flesh and take bones on campaign in Scotland was a later invention.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=123}}; {{Harvnb|Prestwich|1988|p=557}}.</ref>}}

In 1308, Edward's marriage to [[Isabella of France]] proceeded.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=132}}.</ref> Edward crossed the [[English Channel]] to France in January, leaving Gaveston as his ''custos regni'' in charge of the kingdom.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=133}}.</ref> This arrangement was unusual, and involved unprecedented powers being delegated to Gaveston, backed by a specially engraved [[Great Seal of the Realm|Great Seal]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Chaplais|1994|pp=34–41}}.</ref> Edward probably hoped that the marriage would strengthen his position in Gascony and bring him much needed funds.<ref name=Brown1988P575/> The final negotiations, however, proved challenging: Edward and Philip&nbsp;IV did not like each other, and the French king drove a hard bargain over the size of Isabella's [[dower]] and the details of the administration of Edward's lands in France.<ref>{{Harvnb|Brown|1988|pp=574–575, 578, 584}}; {{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=131–134}}.</ref> As part of the agreement, Edward gave homage to Philip for the Duchy of Aquitaine and agreed to a commission to complete the implementation of the 1303 Treaty of Paris.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=131–134}}.</ref>

The pair were married in [[Boulogne]] on 25 January.<ref>{{Harvnb|Haines|2003|p=52}}.</ref> Edward gave Isabella a [[Isabella Psalter|psalter]] as a wedding gift, and her father gave her gifts worth over 21,000&nbsp;[[French livre|livres]] and a fragment of the [[True Cross]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=135}}; {{Harvnb|Brown|1988|p=574}}.</ref> The pair returned to England in February, where Edward had ordered [[Westminster Palace]] to be lavishly restored in readiness for their coronation and wedding feast, complete with marble tables, forty ovens and a fountain that produced wine and pimento, a spiced medieval drink.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=135, 139–140}}.</ref> After some delays, the ceremony went ahead on 25 February at Westminster Abbey, under the guidance of [[Henry Woodlock]], the [[Bishop of Winchester]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=140}}.</ref> As part of the coronation, Edward swore to uphold "the rightful laws and customs which the community of the realm shall have chosen".<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=141}}.</ref> It is uncertain what this meant: It might have been intended to force Edward to accept future legislation, it may have been inserted to prevent him from overturning any future vows he might take, or it may have been an attempt by the king to ingratiate himself with the barons.<ref name="Phillips 2011 140–143">{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|pp=140–143}}; {{Harvnb|Haines|2003|pp=56–58}}.</ref>{{Efn|It is unclear who wrote this part of the coronation oath, or what their intentions where. Historical discussions over the coronation oath have included debate over the tense of the Latin phrase ''aura eslau'', which would change the meaning of the oath from referring to future legislation, to a retrospective statement about respecting existing laws and customs. It is also uncertain to what extent any changes in the coronation oath were driven by wider political disagreements between Edward and the barons, or were specifically focused over concerns with Gaveston's position.<ref name="Phillips 2011 140–143"/>}} The event was marred by the large crowds of eager spectators who surged into the palace, knocking down a wall and forcing Edward to flee by the back door.<ref>{{Harvnb|Phillips|2011|p=144}}.</ref>

Isabella was only twelve at the time of her wedding, young even by the standards of the period, and Edward probably had sexual relations with mistresses during their first few years together.{{Sfn|Haines|2003|p=61}}{{Sfn|Phillips|2011|p=102}} During this time he fathered an illegitimate son, [[Adam FitzRoy|Adam]], who was born possibly as early as 1307.{{Sfn|Haines|2003|p=61}}{{Sfn|Phillips|2011|p=102}} Edward and Isabella's first son, the future [[Edward&nbsp;III]], was born in 1312 amid great celebrations, and three more children followed: [[John of Eltham, Earl of Cornwall|John]] in 1316, [[Eleanor of Woodstock|Eleanor]] in 1318 and [[Joan of the Tower|Joan]] in 1321.{{Sfn|Phillips|2011|p=102}}{{Sfn|Haines|2003|p=93}}