Editing Dutch New Guinea (section)

==1957–1961==
[[File:GonsalvesPapuas1958.jpg|thumb|Dutch colonial civil servant in the [[Baliem Valley]], 1958]]
Tensions regarding the [[Western New Guinea Dispute|Dutch-Indonesian dispute]] over Dutch New Guinea escalated in December 1957 following Indonesia's defeat in the UN General Assembly on 29 November 1957 to pass a resolution in favour of Indonesia's claim to the territory. Sukarno responded by allowing the seizure of Dutch enterprises operating in Indonesia and announcing the intended expulsion of Dutch residents from Indonesia. The increased tensions surrounding the dispute encouraged the Dutch to accelerate their plans to move the disputed territory towards an act of self-determination. [[1961 Dutch New Guinea general election|Elections]] were held in January 1961 and the [[New Guinea Council]] officially took office on 5 April 1961, to prepare for full independence by the end of that decade. The Dutch endorsed the council's selection of a new [[Hai Tanahku Papua|national anthem]] and the [[Morning Star flag|Morning Star]] as the new national flag on 1 December 1961.<ref>J.D. Legge, ''Sukarno: A Political Biography'', 402–403.</ref><ref>Ron Crocombe, ''Asia in the Pacific Islands'', pp. 286–287.</ref>

Following the raising of the Papuan National Flag on 1 December 1961, tensions further escalated. On 19 December 1961 Sukarno issued the ''[[Operation Trikora|Tri Komando Rakjat]]'' (People's Triple Command), calling the Indonesian people to defeat the formation of an independent state of West Papua, raise the Indonesian flag in that country, and be ready for mobilisation at any time.<ref>Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung, ''Twenty years of Indonesian Foreign Policy 1945–1965'', p. 303.</ref><ref>[http://kepustakaan-presiden.pnri.go.id/uploaded_files/pdf/speech/normal/soekarno2.pdf Sukarno's "Trikora"-Speech] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011153750/http://kepustakaan-presiden.pnri.go.id/uploaded_files/pdf/speech/normal/soekarno2.pdf |date=11 October 2017 }}. The commands are at the end of the speech.</ref>