Editing Drought (section)

=== Climate change{{anchor|Climatic_changes}} ===
{{See also|Effects of climate change on the water cycle|Effects of climate change on agriculture}}
[[File:Global warming and extreme weather.svg|thumb|upright=1.35| There will likely be multiplicative increases in the frequency of [[extreme weather]] events compared to the pre-industrial era for [[heat wave]]s, droughts and heavy precipitation events, for various climate change scenarios.<ref name="IPCC6AR_ExtremeEvents">{{cite web|title=Climate Change 2021 / The Physical Science Basis / Working Group I contribution to the WGI Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / Summary for Policymakers|url=https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM_final.pdf|publisher=Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104175351/https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_SPM_final.pdf|archive-date=4 November 2021|page=SPM-23|date=9 August 2021|url-status=live}} Fig. SPM.6</ref>]]

Globally, the occurrence of droughts has increased as a result of the [[Instrumental temperature record|increase in temperature]] and atmospheric [[Potential evapotranspiration|evaporative demand]]. In addition, increased [[Climate variability and change|climate variability]] has increased the frequency and severity of drought events. Moreover, the occurrence and impact of droughts are aggravated by anthropogenic activities such as land use change and water management and demand.<ref name=":3" />

The [[IPCC Sixth Assessment Report]] also pointed out that "Warming over land drives an increase in atmospheric evaporative demand and in the severity of drought events"<ref>Douville, H., K. Raghavan, J. Renwick, R.P. Allan, P.A. Arias, M. Barlow, R. Cerezo-Mota, A. Cherchi, T.Y. Gan, J. Gergis, D.  Jiang, A.  Khan, W.  Pokam Mba, D.  Rosenfeld, J. Tierney, and O.  Zolina, 2021: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Chapter08.pdf Chapter 8: Water Cycle Changes]. In [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/ Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I  to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [Masson-Delmotte, V., P. Zhai, A. Pirani, S.L. Connors, C. Péan, S. Berger, N. Caud, Y. Chen, L. Goldfarb, M.I. Gomis, M. Huang, K. Leitzell, E. Lonnoy, J.B.R. Matthews, T.K. Maycock, T. Waterfield, O. Yelekçi, R. Yu, and B. Zhou (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA, pp. 1055–1210, doi:10.1017/9781009157896.010.</ref>{{rp|1057}} and "Increased atmospheric evaporative demand increases plant water stress, leading to agricultural and ecological drought".<ref>Caretta, M.A., A. Mukherji, M. Arfanuzzaman, R.A. Betts, A. Gelfan, Y. Hirabayashi, T.K. Lissner, J. Liu, E. Lopez Gunn, R. Morgan, S. Mwanga, and S. Supratid, 2022: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGII_Chapter04.pdf Chapter 4: Water]. In: [https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg2/ Climate Change 2022: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change] [H.-O. Pörtner, D.C. Roberts, M. Tignor, E.S. Poloczanska, K. Mintenbeck, A. Alegría, M. Craig, S. Langsdorf, S. Löschke, V. Möller, A. Okem, B. Rama (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK and New York, NY, USA, pp. 551–712, doi:10.1017/9781009325844.006.</ref>{{rp|578}}

There is a rise of compound warm-season droughts in Europe that are concurrent with an increase in potential [[evapotranspiration]].<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Markonis|first1=Yannis|last2=Kumar|first2=Rohini|last3=Hanel|first3=Martin|last4=Rakovec|first4=Oldrich|last5=Máca|first5=Petr|last6=AghaKouchak|first6=Amir|year=2021|title=The rise of compound warm-season droughts in Europe|journal=Science Advances|volume=7|issue=6|pages=eabb9668|bibcode=2021SciA....7.9668M|doi=10.1126/sciadv.abb9668|issn=2375-2548|pmc=7857689|pmid=33536204}}</ref>

{{excerpt|Effects of climate change#Droughts}}