Editing Digital media (section)

===Disruption in industry===
Compared with [[print media]], the [[mass media]], and other analog technologies, digital media are easy to copy, store, share and modify. This quality of digital media has led to significant changes in many industries, especially journalism, publishing, education, entertainment, and the music business. The overall effect of these changes is so far-reaching that it is difficult to quantify. For example, in movie-making, the transition from analog [[film]] cameras to digital cameras is nearly complete. The transition has economic benefits to Hollywood, making distribution easier and making it possible to add high-quality digital effects to films.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cusumano|first=Catherine|title=Changeover in film technology spells end for age of analog|url=http://www.browndailyherald.com/2013/03/18/changeover-in-film-technology-spells-end-for-age-of-analog/|access-date=31 March 2014|newspaper=Brown Daily Herald|date=18 March 2013|archive-date=31 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140331192918/http://www.browndailyherald.com/2013/03/18/changeover-in-film-technology-spells-end-for-age-of-analog/|url-status=live}}</ref> At the same time, it has affected the analog special effects, stunt, and animation industries in Hollywood.<ref name=switch>{{cite news|last=Carter|first=Beth|title=Side by side takes digital vs. analog debate to the movies|url=https://www.wired.com/2012/04/side-by-side/|access-date=31 March 2014|newspaper=Wired|date=26 April 2012|archive-date=12 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140412044257/http://www.wired.com/2012/04/side-by-side/|url-status=live}}</ref>  It has imposed painful costs on small movie theaters, some of which did not or will not survive the transition to digital.<ref>{{cite news|last=McCracken |first=Erin |title=Last reel: Movie industry's switch to digital hits theaters -- especially small ones -- in the wallet |url=http://www.ydr.com/ci_23139035/last-reel-movie-industrys-switch-digital-hits-theaters |access-date=29 March 2014 |newspaper=York Daily Record |date=5 May 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407050448/http://www.ydr.com/ci_23139035/last-reel-movie-industrys-switch-digital-hits-theaters |archive-date=7 April 2014 }}</ref> The effect of digital media on other media industries is similarly sweeping and complex.<ref name=switch />

Between 2000 and 2015, the print newspaper advertising revenue has fallen from $60 billion to a nearly $20 billion.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2016/11/the-print-apocalypse-and-how-to-survive-it/506429/|title=The Print Apocalypse of American Newspapers|last=Thompson|first=Derek|date=2016-11-03|website=The Atlantic|language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-19|archive-date=2020-04-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200415070130/https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2016/11/the-print-apocalypse-and-how-to-survive-it/506429/|url-status=live}}</ref> Even one of the most popular days for papers, Sunday, has seen a 9% circulation decrease the lowest since 1945.<ref name=":22">{{Cite web|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/06/05/time-inc-spinoff-reflects-a-troubled-magazine-business/|title=Time Inc. spinoff reflects a troubled magazine business|website=Pew Research Center|date=5 June 2014 |language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-14|archive-date=2020-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200927115705/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/06/05/time-inc-spinoff-reflects-a-troubled-magazine-business/|url-status=live}}</ref>

In journalism, digital media and [[citizen journalism]] have led to the loss of thousands of jobs in print media and the bankruptcy of many major newspapers.<ref>{{cite web|last=Kirchhoff|first=Suzanne M.|title=The U.S. newspaper industry in transition|url=http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R40700.pdf|publisher=Congressional Research Service|access-date=29 March 2014|date=9 September 2010|archive-date=27 November 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131127124320/http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/R40700.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref> But the rise of [[digital journalism]] has also created thousands of new jobs and specializations.<ref>{{cite news|last=Zara|first=Christopher|title=Job growth in digital journalism is bigger than anyone knows|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/job-growth-digital-journalism-bigger-anyone-knows-799109|access-date=29 March 2014|newspaper=International Business Times|date=2 October 2012|archive-date=7 April 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407055751/http://www.ibtimes.com/job-growth-digital-journalism-bigger-anyone-knows-799109|url-status=live}}</ref> [[E-book]]s and [[self-publishing]] are changing the book industry, and [[digital textbook]]s and other media-inclusive curricula are changing primary and secondary education.<ref>{{cite web|title=Publishing in the digital era|url=http://www.bain.com/Images/BB_Publishing_in_the_digital_era_4_11.pdf|publisher=Bain & Company|access-date=29 March 2014|year=2011|archive-date=11 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140211015803/http://www.bain.com/Images/BB_Publishing_in_the_digital_era_4_11.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="policy">{{cite news|last=Toppo|first=Greg|title=Obama wants schools to speed digital transition|url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/education/story/2012-01-31/schools-e-textbooks/52907492/1|access-date=17 March 2014|newspaper=USA Today|date=31 January 2012|archive-date=18 March 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140318014433/http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/news/education/story/2012-01-31/schools-e-textbooks/52907492/1|url-status=dead}}</ref>

In academia, digital media has led to a new form of scholarship, also called [[digital scholarship]], making [[open access]] and [[open science]] possible thanks to the low cost of distribution. New fields of study have grown, such as [[digital humanities]] and [[digital history]]. It has changed the way libraries are used and their role in society.<ref name="aclib" /> Every major media, communications and academic endeavor is facing a period of transition and uncertainty related to digital media.

Often time the magazine or publisher have a Digital edition which can be referred to an electronic formatted version identical to the print version.<ref name=":22"/> There is a huge benefit to the publisher and cost, as half of traditional publishers' costs come from production, including raw materials, technical processing, and distribution.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=van der Burg|first1=Miriam|last2=Van den Bulck|first2=Hilde|date=2017-04-03|title=Why are traditional newspaper publishers still surviving in the digital era? The impact of long-term trends on the Flemish newspaper industry's financing, 1990–2014|url=https://doi.org/10.1080/16522354.2017.1290024|journal=Journal of Media Business Studies|volume=14|issue=2|pages=82–115|doi=10.1080/16522354.2017.1290024|s2cid=219296760 |issn=1652-2354}}</ref> 
[[File:FT Magazine.Print .Ads .png|thumb|Decline of print ads over the years of 2008 US economic problem]]
Since 2004, there has been a decrease in newspaper industry employment, with only about 40,000 people working in the workforce currently.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.journalism.org/fact-sheet/newspapers/|title=Trends and Facts on Newspapers {{!}} State of the News Media|website=Pew Research Center's Journalism Project|language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-19|archive-date=2020-04-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200418194703/https://www.journalism.org/fact-sheet/newspapers/|url-status=live}}</ref> Alliance of Audited Media & Publishers information during the 2008 recession, over 10% of print sales are diminished for certain magazines, with a hardship coming from only 75% of the sales advertisements as before.<ref name=":22"/> However, in 2018, major newspapers advertising revenue was 35% from digital ads.<ref name=":3" />

In contrast, mobile versions of newspapers and magazines came in second with a huge growth of 135%. The New York Times has noted a 47% year of year rise in their digital subscriptions.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/06/01/circulation-and-revenue-fall-for-newspaper-industry/|title=Circulation, revenue fall for US newspapers overall despite gains for some|website=Pew Research Center|date=June 2017 |language=en-US|access-date=2020-04-19|archive-date=2020-04-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200417051233/https://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2017/06/01/circulation-and-revenue-fall-for-newspaper-industry/|url-status=live}}</ref> 43% of adults get news often from news websites or social media, compared with 49% for television. [[Pew Research Center|Pew Research]] also asked respondents if they got news from a streaming device on their TV – 9% of U.S. adults said that they do so often.<ref name=":22" />