Editing Dendrobranchiata (section)

==Systematics==
Dendrobranchiata were traditionally grouped together with Caridea as "Natantia" (the swimming decapoda), as opposed to the [[Reptantia]] (the walking decapods). In 1888, [[Charles Spence Bate]] recognised the differences in gill morphology, and separated Natantia into Dendrobranchiata, Phyllobranchiata and Trichobranchiata.<ref name="TM99">[[#TavaresMartin2010|Tavares & Martin, 2010]], p. 99</ref> Recent analyses using [[cladistics]] and [[molecular phylogenetics]] recognise Dendrobranchiata as the [[sister group]] to all other Decapoda, collectively called [[Pleocyemata]].<ref name="TM137">[[#TavaresMartin2010|Tavares & Martin, 2010]], p. 137</ref>

The [[cladogram]] below shows Dendrobranchiata's placement within the larger [[order (biology)|order]] [[Decapoda]], from analysis by Wolfe ''et al.'', 2019.<ref name="Wolfe2019">{{cite journal |last1=Wolfe |first1=Joanna M. |last2=Breinholt |first2=Jesse W. |last3=Crandall |first3=Keith A. |last4=Lemmon |first4=Alan R. |last5=Lemmon |first5=Emily Moriarty |last6=Timm |first6=Laura E. |last7=Siddall |first7=Mark E. |last8=Bracken-Grissom |first8=Heather D. |url=https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2019.0079 |title=A phylogenomic framework, evolutionary timeline and genomic resources for comparative studies of decapod crustaceans |journal=Proceedings of the Royal Society B | date=24 April 2019 |volume=286 |issue=1901 |doi=10.1098/rspb.2019.0079 |pmid=31014217 |doi-access=free |pmc=6501934 }}</ref>

{{Decapoda cladogram}}

[[File:9150 - Milano - Museo storia naturale - Aeger - Foto Giovanni Dall'Orto 22-Apr-2007 cropped.jpg|thumb|Fossil ''[[Aeger]]'' ([[Aegeridae]])]]
Before 2010, the earliest known fossil prawns come from rocks in [[Madagascar]] of [[Permian|Permo]]-[[Triassic]] age, {{Ma|250}}.<ref>[[#Crean2004|Crean, 2004]]</ref><ref name="Schram">[[#Schram2000|Schram ''et al.'', 2000]]</ref> In 2010, however, the discovery of ''[[Aciculopoda]]'' from [[Famennian]]–stage rocks in [[Oklahoma]] extended the group's fossil record back to {{Ma|360}}.<ref name="Aciculopoda">[[#FeldmannSchweitzer2010|Feldmann & Schweitzer, 2010]]</ref> The best known fossil prawns are from the [[Jurassic]] [[Solnhofen limestone]]s from [[Germany]].<ref name="Schram"/>

Living prawns are divided among seven families, five in the [[superfamily (taxonomy)|superfamily]] [[Penaeoidea]], and two in the [[Sergestoidea]],<ref name="M&D"/> although molecular evidence disagrees with some aspects of the current classifications.<ref>[[#Ma2009|Ma ''et al.'', 2009]]</ref> Collectively, these include 540 [[extant taxon|extant]] species, and nearly 100 exclusively fossil species.<ref name="Grave">[[#DeGrave2009|De Grave ''et al.'', 2009]]</ref> A further two families are known only from fossils.<ref name="Grave"/>

The cladogram below shows Dendrobranchiata's internal relationships of [[extant taxon|extant]] families (excluding [[Solenoceridae]]):<ref name="Wolfe2019"/>

{{clade
|style=font-size:85%; line-height:85%
|label1= '''Dendrobranchiata''' 
|1={{clade
 |label1= [[Sergestoidea]] 
 |1={{clade
  |1=[[Luciferidae]]
  |2=[[Sergestidae]] }}
 |label2= [[Penaeoidea]] 
 |2={{clade
  |1={{clade
   |1=[[Sicyoniidae]]
   |2=[[Penaeidae]] }}
  |2={{clade
   |1=[[Benthesicymidae]]
   |2=[[Aristeidae]] }} }} }} }}

<br>
Dendrobranchiata comprises the following [[superfamily (taxonomy)|superfamilies]] and [[family (biology)|families]]:<br>
:Superfamily [[Penaeoidea]] <small>Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1815</small>
::† [[Aciculopoda|Aciculopodidae]] <small>Feldmann & Schweitzer, 2010</small> – a single [[Famennian]] species, ''[[Aciculopoda|Aciculopoda mapesi]]'' <ref name="Aciculopoda"/>
::† [[Aegeridae]] <small>Burkenroad, 1963</small> – two Mesozoic genera: ''[[Aeger]]'' and ''[[Acanthochirana]]'' <ref name="TM151">[[#TavaresMartin2010|Tavares & Martin, 2010]], p. 151</ref>
::[[Aristeidae]] <small>Wood-Mason, 1891</small> – 26 extant species in 9 genera, and one fossil genus <ref name="TM152">[[#TavaresMartin2010|Tavares & Martin, 2010]], p. 152</ref>
::[[Benthesicymidae]] <small>Wood-Mason, 1891</small> – 41 species in 4 genera <ref name="TM152"/>
::† [[Carpopenaeus|Carpopenaeidae]] <small>Garassino, 1994</small> – two [[Cretaceous]] species of ''[[Carpopenaeus]]'' <ref name="TM152-3">[[#TavaresMartin2010|Tavares & Martin, 2010]], pp. 152–153</ref>
::[[Penaeidae]] <small>Rafinesque-Schmaltz, 1815</small> – 216 extant species in 26 genera, and several extinct genera, mostly Mesozoic <ref name="TM153">[[#TavaresMartin2010|Tavares & Martin, 2010]], p. 153</ref>
::[[Sicyoniidae]] <small>Ortmann, 1898</small> – 43 species of ''[[Sicyonia]]'' <ref name="TM154">[[#TavaresMartin2010|Tavares & Martin, 2010]], p. 154</ref>
::[[Solenoceridae]] <small>Wood-Mason, 1891</small> – 81 species in 9 genera <ref name="TM155">[[#TavaresMartin2010|Tavares & Martin, 2010]], p. 155</ref>
:Superfamily [[Sergestoidea]] <small>Dana, 1852</small>
::[[Luciferidae]] <small>De Haan, 1849</small> – 7 species in 2 genera
::[[Sergestidae]] <small>Dana, 1852</small> – 90 extant species in six genera, and two extinct monotypic genera <ref name="TM156">[[#TavaresMartin2010|Tavares & Martin, 2010]], p. 156</ref>