Editing Demographics of Australia (section)

==Vital statistics==
===19th century===
The [[total fertility rate]] is the number of children born per woman. It is based on fairly good data for the entire period. Sources: [[Our World In Data]] and [[Gapminder Foundation]].<ref name="ourworldindata.org">{{citation|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/children-born-per-woman?year=1800&country=AUS|title=Total Fertility Rate around the world over the last centuries|author=Max Roser|date=2014|work=[[Our World In Data]], [[Gapminder Foundation]]}}</ref>

The following figures show the total fertility rates since the first years of British colonisation.
{| class="wikitable " style="text-align:right"
|+Total fertility rate in Australia<ref name="ourworldindata.org"/>
! rowspan=2 {{vert header|1850s}} !! 1850!!1851!!1852!!1853!!1854!!1855!!1856!!1857!!1858!!1859
|-
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.94|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.01 ||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.07||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.03||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.86||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.32||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.19||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.63||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.71||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.75
|- style="border-top:2px solid gray"
! rowspan=2 {{vert header|1860s}}!!1860!! 1861!!1862!!1863!!1864!!1865!!1866!!1867!!1868!!1869
|-
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.71||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.67|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.8||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.59|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.75||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.64|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.33||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.41|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.43|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.19
|- style="border-top:2px solid gray"
! rowspan=2 {{vert header|1870s}}!!1870!! 1871!!1872!!1873!!1874!!1875!!1876!!1877!!1878!!1879
|-
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.19||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.09||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.97|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|5.01||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.93|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.81||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.81|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.69||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.74|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.8
|- style="border-top:2px solid gray"
! rowspan=2 {{vert header|1880s}}!!1880!! 1881!!1882!!1883!!1884!!1885!!1886!!1887!!1888!!1889
|-
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.73||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.73||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.62|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.66||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.77|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.78||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.74|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.77||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.76|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.65
|- style="border-top:2px solid gray"
! rowspan=2 {{vert header|1890s}}!!1890!!1891!!1892!!1893!!1894!!1895!!1896!!1897!!1898!!1899
|-
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.69||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.62||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.52|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.4||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.13|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|4.07||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.81|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.78||style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.64|| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.66
|}

The [[Birth rate|crude birth rate]] is the total number of live births per 1,000 population in a year. Source: [[Australian Bureau of Statistics]].<ref name="abs.gov.au">{{cite web|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/DetailsPage/3105.0.65.0012006?OpenDocument|title=3105.0.65.001 - Australian Historical Population Statistics, 2006.Table 42. Crude birth rates, states and territories, 1860 onwards|author= Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=23 May 2006|author-link=Australian Bureau of Statistics}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable " style="text-align:right"
|+ Crude birth rate in Australia<ref name="abs.gov.au"/>
|-
! rowspan=2 {{vert header|1860s}} !! 1860!!1861!!1862!!1863!!1864!!1865!!1866!!1867!!1868!!1869
|-
|42.6||42.3 ||43.3||41.7||42.9||42.1||39.8||40.4||40.5||38.7
|- style="border-top:2px solid gray"
! rowspan=2 {{vert header|1870s}} !!1870!! 1871!!1872!!1873!!1874!!1875!!1876!!1877!!1878!!1879
|-
|38.7||38.0||37.1 ||37.4||36.8||35.9||35.9||35.0||35.4||35.8
|- style="border-top:2px solid gray"
! rowspan=2 {{vert header|1880s}} !!1880!! 1881!!1882!!1883!!1884!!1885!!1886!!1887!!1888!!1889
|-
|35.3||35.3||34.5 ||34.8||35.6||35.7||35.4||35.6||35.5||34.7
|- style="border-top:2px solid gray"
! rowspan=2 {{vert header|1890s}} !!1890!! 1891!!1892!!1893!!1894!!1895!!1896!!1897!!1898!!1899
|-
|35.0 ||34.5||33.7 ||32.8||30.8||30.4||28.4||28.2||27.2||27.3
|}

===Statistics since 1900===
Source:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ined.fr/en/everything_about_population/data/online-databases/developed-countries-database/|title=Developed countries database|work=ined.fr|access-date=10 July 2012}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;"
|-
! scope="col" | 
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;"|Average population {{refn|group="N"|June 1 from 1900-2016, since 2017 Dec 31}}
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;"|Live births
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;"|Deaths
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;"|Natural change
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;"|Crude birth rate (per 1,000)
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;"|Crude death rate (per 1,000)
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;"|Natural change (per 1,000)
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;"|Crude migration change (per 1,000)
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;"|[[Total Fertility Rate|Total fertility rates]]{{efn-ua|In fertility rates, 2.1 and above is a stable population and has been marked blue, 2 and below leads to an aging population and the result is that the population decreases. }}<ref name="ourworldindata.org"/>
! scope="col" style="width:70pt;"|Net overseas migration<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.immi.gov.au/media/statistics/historical-migration-stats.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140809114035/https://www.immi.gov.au/media/statistics/historical-migration-stats.htm|archive-date=9 August 2014|title=Historical Migration Statistics|date=25 July 2014|access-date=27 July 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs%40.nsf/mf/3101.0 |title=3101.0 - Australian Demographic Statistics, Mar 2017 |publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics |access-date=27 September 2017}}</ref><ref name ="cia.gov">{{citation|url=https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/australia/|title=World Factbook EUROPE : AUSTRALIA|work=[[The World Factbook]]|date=July 12, 2018}}</ref>
|-
| scope="row" | 1900
| 3,715,000
| 102,221
| 44,060
| 58,161
| 27.3
| 11.8
| 15.5
|
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.66
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1901
| 3,765,000
| 102,945
| 46,330
| 56,615
| 27.1
| 12.2
| 14.9
| -1.6
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.64
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1902
| 3,824,000
| 102,776
| 48,078
| 54,698
| 26.7
| 12.5
| 14.2
| 1.4
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.39
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1903
| 3,875,000
| style="text-align:right; color:red;"|98,443
| 47,293
| 51,150
| 25.3
| 12.1
| 13.2
| 12.0
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.58
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1904
| 3,916,000
| 104,113
| 43,572
| 60,541
| 26.4
| 11.0
| 15.4
| -4.9
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.54
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1905
| 3,974,000
| 104,941
|  style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|43,514
| 61,427
| 26.2
| 10.9
| 15.3
| -0.6
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.51
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1906
| 4,032,000
| 107,890
| 44,333
| 63,557
| 26.6
| 10.9
| 15.7
| -1.2
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1907
| 4,091,000
| 110,347
| 45,305
| 55,042
| 26.7
| 11.0
| 15.7
| 1.2
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1908
| 4,161,000
| 111,545
| 46,426
| 55,119
| 26.6
| 11.1
| 15.5
| 3.9
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1909
| 4,232,000
| 114,071
| 44,172
| 59,899
| 26.7
| 10.3
| 16.4
| 2.9
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1910
| 4,323,000
| 116,801
| 45,590
| 61,211
| 26.7
| 10.4
| 16.3
| 7.3
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1911
| 4,425,000
| 122,193
| 47,869
| 74,324
| 27.2
| 10.6
| 16.6
| 6.8
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.51
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1912
| 4,573,000
| 133,088
| 52,177
| 80,911
| style="color: blue"|28.6
| 11.2
| 17.4
| 15.8
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.51
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1913
| 4,820,172
| 135,714
| 51,789
| 83,925
| 28.2
| 10.7
| style="color: blue"|17.5
| 36.6
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.51
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1914
| 4,893,000
| 137,983
| 51,720
| 86,263
| 28.0
| 10.5
| 17.5
| -2.5
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.51
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1915
| 4,971,000
| 134,871
| 52,782
| 82,089
| 27.1
| 10.6
| 16.5
| -0.6
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.51
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1916
| 4,969,000
| 131,426
| 54,197
| 77,219
| 26.6
| 11.0
| 15.6
| -15.9
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.07
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1917
| 4,917,000
| 129,965
| 48,029
| 81,936
| 26.3
| 9.7
| 16.6
| -27.1
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.35
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1918
| 4,982,000
| 125,739
| 50,249
| 75,490
| 25.0
| 10.0
| 15.0
| -1.9
|style="color:blue;"|3.07
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1919
| 5,080,000
| 122,290
| 65,930
| 56,360
| 23.6
| style="color: red"|12.7
| 10.9
| 8.6
|style="color:blue;"|3.07
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1920
| 5,303,000
| 136,406
| 56,289
| 80,117
| 25.5
| 10.5
| 15.5
| 28.8
|style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.07
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1921
| 5,411,000
| 136,198
| 54,076
| 82,122
| 24.9
| 9.9
| 15.0
| 5.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.12
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1922
| 5,510,000
| 137,496
| 51,311
| 86,185
| 24.7
| 9.2
| 15.5
| 2.7
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.11
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1923
| 5,637,000
| 135,222
| 56,236
| 78,986
| 23.7
| 9.9
| 13.8
| 9.0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.02
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1924
| 5,755,000
| 134,927
| 54,980
| 79,953
| 23.2
| 9.4
| 13.8
| 7.0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.97
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1925
| 5,882,000
| 135,792
| 54,658
| 81,134
| 22.9
| 9.2
| 13.7
| 8.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.95
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1926
| 6,000,000
| 133,162
| 56,952
| 76,210
| 22.0
| 9.4
| 12.6
| 7.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.85
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1927
| 6,124,000
| 133,698
| 58,282
| 75,716
| 21.6
| 9.4
| 12.2
| 8.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.80
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1928
| 6,251,000
| 134,078
| 59,378
| 74,700
| 21.3
| 9.4
| 11.9
| 8.8
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.77
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1929
| 6,355,000
| 129,480
| 60,857
| 68,623
| 20.2
| 9.5
| 10.7
| 5.8
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.64
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1930
| 6,436,000
| 128,399
| 55,331
| 73,068
| 19.8
| 8.6
| 11.2
| 1.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.58
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1931
| 6,500,000
| 118,509
| 56,560
| 61,949
| 18.2
| 8.7
| 9.5
| 0.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.36
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1932
| 6,552,000
| 110,933
| 56,757
| 54,176
| 16.9
| 8.6
| 8.3
| -0.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.19
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1933
| 6,603,000
| 111,269
| 59,117
| 52,152
| 16.8
| 8.9
| 7.9
| -0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.17
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1934
| 6,656,000
| 109,475
| 62,229
|  style="text-align:right; color:red;"| 47,246
| 16.4
| 9.3
| 7.1
| 0.9
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.11
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1935
| 6,707,000
| 111,325
| 63,599
| 47,726
| 16.5
| 9.4
| 7.1
| 0.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.12
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1936
| 6,755,000
| 116,073
| 63,932
| 52,141
| 17.1
| 9.4
| 7.7
| -0.6
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.18
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1937
| 6,810,000
| 119,131
| 64,496
| 54,635
| 17.4
| 9.4
| 8.0
| 0.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.21
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1938
| 6,871,000
| 120,415
| 66,451
| 53,964
| 17.4
| 9.6
| 7.8
| 1.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.21
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1939
| 6,935,000
| 122,891
| 69,147
| 53,744
| 17.6
| 9.9
| 7.7
| 1.6
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.22
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1940
| 7,004,000
| 126,347
| 68,384
| 57,963
| 17.9
| 9.7
| 8.2
| 1.7
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.26
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1941
| 7,077,000
| 134,525
| 71,176
| 63,349
| 18.9
| 10.0
| 8.9
| 1.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.36
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1942
| 7,143,000
| 136,708
| 75,191
| 61,517
| 19.1
| 10.5
| 8.6
| 0.7
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.38
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1943
| 7,201,000
| 149,295
| 74,486
| 74,809
| 20.6
| 10.3
| 10.3
| -2.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.57
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1944
| 7,269,000
| 153,344
| 69,596
| 83,748
| 21.0
| 9.5
| 11.5
| -2.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.63
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1945
| 7,347,000
| 160,560
| 70,231
| 90,229
| 21.7
| 9.5
| 12.2
| -1.6
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.74
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1946
| 7,430,000
| 176,379
| 74,661
| 101,718
| 23.6
| 10.0
| 13.6
| -2.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.99
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1947
| 7,517,000
| 182,384
| 73,468
| 108,916
| 24.1
| 9.7
| 14.4
| -2.8
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.08
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1948
| 7,637,000
| 177,976
| 76,839
| 101,137
| 23.1
| 10.0
| 13.1
| 2.7
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.98
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1949
| 7,792,000
| 181,261
| 75,260
| 106,001
| 22.9
| 9.5
| 13.4
| 6.7
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.99
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1950
| 8,045,000
| 190,591
| 78,187
| 112,404
| 23.3
| 9.6
| 13.7
| 18.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.01
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1951
| 8,307,000
| 193,298
| 81,788
| 111,510
| 23.0
| 9.7
| 13.3
| 31.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.06
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1952
| 8,527,000
| 201,650
| 81,597
| 120,053
| 23.4
| 9.5
| 13.9
| 12.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.15
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1953
| 8,739,000
| 202,235
| 80,188
| 122,047
| 22.9
| 9.1
| 13.8
| 10.9
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.23
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1954
| 8,902,000
| 202,256
| 81,805
| 120,451
| 22.5
| 9.1
| 13.4
| 5.1
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.3
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1955
| 9,089,000
| 207,677
| 82,036
| 125,641
| 22.6
| 8.9
| 13.7
| 7.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.35
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1956
| 9,311,000
| 212,633
| 86,088
| 126,545
| 22.5
| 9.1
| 13.4
| 10.8
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.39
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1957
| 9,530,000
| 220,358
| 84,953
| 135,405
| 22.9
| 8.8
| 14.1
| 9.3
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.41
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1958
| 9,744,000
| 222,504
| 83,723
| 138,481
| 22.6
| 8.5
| 14.1
| 8.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.42
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1959
| 9,947,000
| 226,976
| 89,212
| 137,765
| 22.6
| 8.9
| 13.7
| 7.0
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.41
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1960
| 10,160,000
| 230,326
| 88,464
| 141,862
| 22.4
| 8.6
| 13.8
| 7.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.39
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1961
| 10,391,000
| 239,986
| 88,961
| 151,025
| 22.8
| 8.5
| 14.3
| 8.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.35
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1962
| 10,642,000
| 237,081
| 93,163
| 143,918
| 22.1
| 8.7
| 13.4
| 10.6
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.3
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1963
| 10,846,000
| 235,689
| 94,894
| 140,795
| 21.5
| 8.7
| 12.8
| 6.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.24
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1964
| 11,055,000
| 229,149
| 100,594
| 128,555
| 20.5
| 8.7
| 11.8
| 7.6
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|3.17
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1965
| 11,280,000
| 222,854
| 99,715
| 123,139
| 19.6
| 8.8
| 10.8
| 9.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.97
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1966
| 11,505,000
| 223,731
| 103,929
| 119,802
| 19.3
| 9.0
| 10.3
| 9.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.89
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1967
| 11,704,000
| 229,796
| 102,703
| 127,093
| 19.4
| 8.7
| 10.7
| 6.4
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.85
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1968
| 11,912,000
| 240,906
| 109,547
| 131,359
| 20.0
| 9.1
| 10.9
| 6.7
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.89
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1969
| 12,145,000
| 250,175
| 106,496
| 143,681
| 20.4
| 8.7
| 11.7
| 7.7
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.93
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1970
| 12,407,000
| 257,516
| 113,048
| 144,468
| 20.5
| 9.0
| 10.5
| 9.9
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.94
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1971
| 12,663,000
| 276,361
| 110,650
|  style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 165,711
| 21.5
| 8.6
| 12.9
| 7.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.98
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1972
| 13,067,000
| 271,960
| 110,191
| 161,769
| 20.6
| 8.4
| 12.2
| 19.5
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.74
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1973
| 13,303,000
| 255,848
| 111,336
| 144,512
| 19.1
| 8.3
| 10.8
| 7.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.49
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1974
| 13,504,000
| 243,658
| 110,179
| 133,479
| 17.9
| 8.1
| 9.8
| 5.2
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.32
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1975<ref>[https://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/free.nsf/0/8DFF9A3223E8C7DCCA2576EF0012911F/$File/31010_12_1980.pdf www.abs.gov.au; Australian Demographic Statistics Quarterly, Dec 1980; visited September 17 2023]</ref>
| 13,771,400
| 239,794
| 114,501
| 125,293
| 17.4
| 8.3
| 9.1
| 10.7
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"|2.15
| 
|-
| scope="row" | 1976
| 13,915,500
| 231,135
| 110,610
| 120,525
| 16.6
| 7.9
| 8.7
| 1.8
| 2.06
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1977
| 14,074,100
| 226,954
| 111,490
| 115,464
| 16.1
| 7.9
| 8.2
| 3.2
| 2.01
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1978
| 14,248,600
| 226,359
| 108,059
| 118,300
| 15.9
| 7.6
| 8.3
| 4.1
| 1.95
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1979
| 14,521,700
| 223,370
| 108,315
| 115,055
| 15.5
| 7.5
| 8.0
| 11.2
| 1.91
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1980
| 14,695,400
| 223,664
| 106,654
| 117,010
| 15.3
| 7.3
| 8.0
| 4.0
| 1.89
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1981
| 14,923,300
| 230,920
| 109,429
| 121,491
| 15.6
| 7.4
| 8.2
| 7.4
| 1.94
|
|-
| scope="row" | 1982
| 15,178,400
| 237,076
| 110,990
| 116,086
| 15.7
| 7.4
| 8.3
| 9.4
| 1.93
| 128,100
|-
| scope="row" | 1983
| 15,393,500
| 241,764
| 112,918
| 128,846
| 15.8
| 7.4
| 8.4
| 5.8
| 1.92
| 73,300
|-
| scope="row" | 1984
| 15,579,400
| 240,544
| 110,887
| 129,657
| 15.5
| 7.2
| 8.3
| 3.8
| 1.84
| 49,100
|-
| scope="row" | 1985
| 15,788,300
| 241,814
| 114,197
| 127,617
| 15.4
| 7.3
| 8.1
| 5.3
| 1.92
| 73,800
|-
| scope="row" | 1986
| 16,018,400
| 239,115
| 116,069
| 123,046
| 15.0
| 7.3
| 7.7
| 6.9
| 1.87
| 100,500
|-
| scope="row" | 1987
| 16,263,900
| 242,977
| 116,139
| 126,838
| 15.0
| 7.2
| 7.8
| 7.5
| 1.85
| 125,800
|-
| scope="row" | 1988
| 16,532,200
| 246,200
| 120,463
| 125,737
| 15.0
| 7.3
| 7.7
| 8.9
| 1.83
| 149,400
|-
| scope="row" | 1989
| 16,814,400
| 250,155
| 118,767
| 131,388
| 15.1
| 7.1
| 8.0
| 9.3
| 1.84
| 157,500
|-
| scope="row" | 1990
| 17,065,100
| 257,521
| 125,112
| 132,409
| 15.3
| 7.4
| 7.9
| 7.2
| 1.90
| 124,700
|-
| scope="row" | 1991
| 17,284,000
| 261,158
| 119,572
| 141,586
| 15.2
| 7.0
| 8.2
| 4.6
| 1.85
| 86,500
|-
| scope="row" | 1992
| 17,494,700
| 259,200
| 120,836
| 138,800
| 14.9
| 6.9
| 8.0
| 4.3
| 1.89
| 68,600
|-
| scope="row" | 1993
| 17,667,100
| 259,959
| 121,338
| 138,621
| 14.8
| 6.9
| 7.9
| 2.9
| 1.86
| 30,100
|-
| scope="row" | 1994
| 17,854,700
| 258,314
| 123,496
| 134,818
| 14.5
| 7.0
| 7.5
| 3.1
| 1.84
| 46,600
|-
| scope="row" | 1995
| 18,071,800
| 258,210
| 126,232
| 131,978
| 14.4
| 7.0
| 7.4
| 4.9
| 1.82
| 80,200
|-
| scope="row" | 1996
| 18,310,700
| 250,438
| 126,400
| 124,038
| 13.8
| 6.9
| 6.9
| 6.4
| 1.80
| 104,000
|-
| scope="row" | 1997
| 18,517,600
| 253,660
| 127,298
| 126,362
| 13.7
| 6.9
| 6.8
| 4.5
| 1.78
| 87,200
|-
| scope="row" | 1998
| 18,711,300
| 249,105
| 129,255
| 119,850
| 13.4
| 6.9
| 6.5
| 4.1
| 1.75
| 79,100
|-
| scope="row" | 1999
| 18,925,900
| 249,965
| 128,278
| 121,487
| 13.3
| 6.8
| 6.5
| 5.0
| 1.75
| 96,500
|-
| scope="row" | 2000
| 19,153,400
| 249,310
| 128,392
| 120,918
| 13.1
| 6.7
| 6.4
| 5.7
| 1.75
| 107,200
|-
| scope="row" | 2001
| 19,413,200
| 247,500
| 128,913
| 118,587
| 12.8
| 6.7
| 6.1
| 7.5
| 1.73<!-- Do not add colouring to this entry without including a key that explains what the colour means. Without a key the colouring serves no purpose. -->
| 135,700
|-
| scope="row" | 2002
| 19,654,900
| 247,400
| 130,300
| 117,200
| 12.9
| 6.9
| 6.0
| 6.5
| 1.77
| 110,600
|-
| scope="row" | 2003
| 19,902,700
| 247,400
| 132,239
| 115,200
| 12.5
| 6.7
| 5.8
| 6.8
| 1.75
| 116,500
|-
| scope="row" | 2004
| 20,139,800
| 252,100
| 133,231
| 115,851
| 12.4
| 6.7
| 5.7
| 6.2
| 1.76
| 100,000
|-
| scope="row" | 2005
| 20,409,100
| 255,800
| 131,354
| 124,580
| 12.6
| 6.5
| 6.1
| 7.3
| 1.79
| 123,800
|-
| scope="row" | 2006
| 20,697,900
| 263,500
| 134,000
| 129,500
| 12.8
| 6.5
| 6.3
| 7.9
| 1.82
| 146,700
|-
| scope="row" | 2007
| 21,015,900
| 277,700
| 136,000
| 141,700
| 13.2
| 6.4
| 6.8
| 8.6
| 1.87
| 232,700
|-
| scope="row" | 2008
| 21,384,400
| 289,500
| 140,800
| 148,700
| 14.4
| 6.8
| 7.6
| 10.6
| 2.02
| 277,400
|-
| scope="row" | 2009
| 21,778,800
| 297,100
| 143,700
| 153,400
| 13.9
| 6.6
| 7.3
| 11.4
| 1.97
| 299,800
|-
| scope="row" | 2010
| 22,031,900
| 304,200
| 141,500
| 162,600
| 13.4
| 6.4
| 7.0
| 4.2
| 1.95
| 172,038
|-
| scope="row" | 2011
| 22,340,000
| 301,200
| 145,400
| 155,800
| 13.5
| 6.6
| 6.9
| 7.0
| 1.92
| 205,679
|-
| scope="row" | 2012
| 22,733,500
| 306,000
| 147,200
| 158,800
| 13.6
| 6.5
| 7.1
| 10.6
| 1.93
| 241,151
|-
| scope="row" | 2013
| 23,128,100
| 311,100
| 149,200
| 161,900
| 13.3
| 6.4
| 6.9
| 10.4
| 1.88
| 235,797
|-
| scope="row" | 2014
| 23,475,700
| 307,000
| 150,000
| 157,000
| 12.8
| 6.5
| 6.3
| 8.3
| 1.80
| 179,000
|-
| scope="row" | 2015
| 23,816,000
| 307,700
| 155,900
| 151,800
| 12.8
| 6.7
| 6.1
| 8.1
| 1.80
| 181,000
|-
| scope="row" | 2016<ref>{{cite web|title=Population|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/Population|website=Australian Bureau of Statistics|access-date=13 December 2017}}</ref>
| 24,385,600
| 311,800
| 157,400
| 154,400
| 12.9
| 6.5
| 6.4
| 10.2
| 1.79
| 243,800
|-
| scope="row" | 2017
| 24,770,700<ref>{{citation|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/3101.0|title=3101.0 - Australian Demographic Statistics, Dec 2017 |website=Australian Bureau of Statistics|date=16 September 2021 }}</ref>
| 308,500
| 160,300
| 148,200
| 12.7
| 6.6
| 6.1
| 9.7
| 1.74
| 241,700
|-
| scope="row" | 2018
| 25,180,200<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/3101.0 |website=Australian Bureau of Statistics|title=3101.0 - Australian Demographic Statistics, Dec 2018|date=December 2018}}</ref>
|  style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 314,900<ref>{{citation|url=https://www.abs.gov.au/ausstats/abs@.nsf/mf/3302.0 |website=Australian Bureau of Statistics|title=3302.0 - Deaths, 2018|date=December 2018}}</ref>
| 158,500
| 156,400
| 12.7
| 6.4
| 6.3
| 10.2
| 1.75
| 248,400
|-
| scope="row" | 2019
| 25,522,169
| 305,800
| 166,700
| 139,100
| 12.1
| 6.6
| 5.5
| 8.1
| 1.67
| 210,700
|-
| scope="row" | 2020
| 25,694,400
|294,400
|161,400
|133,000
| 11.5
|style="color: blue"|6.3
|5.2
| 1.5
| 1.59
| 3,300
|-
| scope="row" | 2021
| style="text-align:right; | 25,422,788(C)
| 309,996
| 171,469
| 138,527
| 12.1
| 6.7
| 5.4
| -2.6
| 1.70 
|  style="text-align:right; color:red"|-3,600
|-
| scope="row" | 2022
| style="text-align:right; | 26,268,359
| 300,684
| style="text-align:right; color:red"| 190,745
| 109,800
| 11.6
| 7.3
| 4.3
| 15.2
| 1.63
| 387,000 
|-
| scope="row" | 2023
| style="text-align:right; color:blue;"| 26,966,789
| 286,998
| 183,131
| 103,867
| style="color: red"|10.8
| 6.9
|style="color: red"|3.9
| 21.1
| 1.50
| style="text-align:right; color:blue"| 547,300 
|-
|2024
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| style="text-align:right; color:red;"|1.48(e)
|
|-
|}
{{notelist-ua}}

====Current vital statistics====

<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/population/national-state-and-territory-population|title=National, state and territory population |publisher=Australian Bureau of Statistics}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"  style="text-align:center;"
|+
|-
! Period
! Live births
! Deaths
! Natural increase
|-
| '''January - September 2023'''
| 218,700
| 137,600
| +81,100
|-
| '''January - September 2024'''
| 224,900
| 142,800
| +82,100
|-
| '''Difference'''
| {{increase}} +6,200 (+2.83%)
| {{increasenegative}} +5,200 (+3.78%)
| {{increase}} +1,000
|}

====Total fertility rates by state or territory ====
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ 2023<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 2024 |title=Births, Australia, 2023 {{!}} Australian Bureau of Statistics |url=https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/population/births-australia/latest-release#states-and-territories |access-date= |website=www.abs.gov.au |language=en}}</ref>
!State/Territory
!TFR
|-
|{{flag|Western Australia}}||1.57
|-
|{{flag|Northern Territory}}||1.55
|-
|{{flag|New South Wales}}||1.55
|-
|{{flag|Queensland}}||1.54
|-
|{{flag|Tasmania}}||1.51
|-
|'''{{flag|Australia}}'''||'''1.50'''
|-
|{{flag|South Australia}}||1.50
|-
|{{flag|Victoria}}||1.39
|-
|{{flag|Australian Capital Territory}}||1.31
|}

==== Births by country of birth of the mother ====
<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-10-16 |title=Births, Australia, 2023 {{!}} Australian Bureau of Statistics |url=https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/people/population/births-australia/latest-release |access-date=2025-04-29 |website=www.abs.gov.au |language=en}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable sortable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
!Country of birth mother
!Numbers
|-
|Total
|286,998
|-
|Total overseas-born
|100,011
|-
|'''Oceania and Antartica'''
|196,654
|-
|{{flag|Australia}}(includes External Territories)
|186,811
|-
|{{flag|New Zealand}}
|7,420
|-
|{{flag|Papua New Guinea}}
|288
|-
|{{flag|Fiji}}
|736
|-
|{{flag|Samoa}}
|701
|-
|Other
|698
|-
|'''North-West Europe'''
|10,486
|-
|{{flag|United Kingdom}}
|6,986
|-
|{{flag|Ireland}}
|1,153
|-
|{{flag|Austria}}
|55
|-
|{{flag|France}}
|563
|-
|{{flag|Germany}}
|835
|-
|{{flag|Netherlands}}
|295
|-
|{{flag|Switzerland}}
|102
|-
|{{flag|Denmark}}
|64
|-
|Other
|433
|-
|'''Southern and Eastern Europe'''
|3,846
|-
|{{flag|Italy}}
|478
|-
|{{flag|Malta}}
|30
|-
|{{flag|Portugal}}
|84
|-
|{{flag|Spain}}
|179
|-
|{{flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
|341
|-
|{{flag|Croatia}}
|215
|-
|{{flag|Cyprus}}
|35
|-
|{{flag|North Macedonia}}
|234
|-
|{{flag|Greece}}
|183
|-
|{{flag|Romania}}
|149
|-
|{{flag|Serbia}}
|210
|-
|{{flag|Czechia}}
|95
|-
|{{flag|Hungary}}
|76
|-
|{{flag|Poland}}
|301
|-
|{{flag|Russian Federation}}
|495
|-
|{{flag|Ukraine}}
|248
|-
|Other
|493
|-
|'''North Africa and the Middle East'''
|7,555
|-
|{{flag|Egypt}}
|423
|-
|{{flag|Iran}}
|1,134
|-
|{{flag|Iraq}}
|1,785
|-
|{{flag|Israel}}
|105
|-
|{{flag|Lebanon}}
|1,078
|-
|{{flag|Syria}}
|490
|-
|{{flag|Türkiye}}
|299
|-
|Other
|2,241
|-
|'''South-East Asia'''
|14,979
|-
|{{flag|Myanmar}}
|802
|-
|{{flag|Cambodia}}
|495
|-
|{{flag|Laos}}
|79
|-
|{{flag|Thailand}}
|1,368
|-
|{{flag|Vietnam}}
|3,064
|-
|{{flag|Indonesia}}
|1,361
|-
|{{flag|Malaysia}}
|1,902
|-
|{{flag|Philippines}}
|5,158
|-
|{{flag|Singapore}}
|632
|-
|Other
|118
|-
|'''North-East Asia'''
|10,919
|-
|{{flag|China}}
|6,791
|-
|{{flag|Hong Kong}}
|1,066
|-
|{{flag|Taiwan}}
|763
|-
|{{flag|Japan}}
|838
|-
|{{flag|South Korea}}
|1,185
|-
|Other
|276
|-
|'''Southern and Central Asia'''
|29,771
|-
|{{flag|Bangladesh}}
|1,363
|-
|{{flag|India}}
|16,593
|-
|{{flag|Nepal}}
|4,159
|-
|{{flag|Pakistan}}
|3,276
|-
|{{flag|Sri Lanka}}
|1,876
|-
|{{flag|Afghanistan}}
|2,014
|-
|Other
|490
|-
|'''Americas'''
|5,459
|-
|{{flag|Canada}}
|901
|-
|{{flag|United States}}
|1,536
|-
|{{flag|Argentina}}
|199
|-
|{{flag|Brazil}}
|1,194
|-
|{{flag|Chile}}
|285
|-
|{{flag|Uruguay}}
|22
|-
|'''Central America'''
|239
|-
|'''Caribbean'''
|57
|-
|Other
|1,026
|-
|'''Sub-Saharan Africa'''
|7,153
|-
|{{flag|Kenya}}
|489
|-
|{{flag|Mauritius}}
|293
|-
|{{flag|South Africa}}
|2,451
|-
|{{flag|Zimbabwe}}
|642
|-
|Other
|3,278
|}

====Life expectancy====
[[File:Life expectancy in Australia.svg|thumb|300px|[[Life expectancy]] in Australia since 1885]]
{{See also|List of Australian states by life expectancy}}

At the time of [[Federation of Australia|Australian Federation]] in 1901, the rate of [[Population growth|natural increase]] was 14.9 persons per 1,000 population. The rate increased to a peak of 17.4 per thousand population in the years 1912, 1913 and 1914. During the [[Great Depression in Australia|Great Depression]], the rate declined to a low of 7.1 per thousand population in 1934 and 1935. Immediately after World War II, the rate increased sharply as a result of the start of the [[post–World War II baby boom]] and the immigration of many young people who then had children in Australia. A rate plateau of over 13.0 persons per 1,000 population occurred for every year from 1946 to 1962.

There has been a fall in the rate of natural increase since 1962 due to falling [[fertility]]. In 1971, the rate of natural increase was 12.7 persons per 1,000 population; a decade later it had fallen to 8.5. In 1996 the rate of natural increase fell below seven for the first time, with the downward trend continuing in the late 1990s.  Population projections by the Australian Bureau of Statistics indicate that continued low fertility, combined with the increase in deaths from an ageing population, will result in natural increase falling below zero sometime in the mid-2030s. However, in 2006 the [[total fertility rate|fertility rate]] rose to 1.81, one of the highest rates in the [[Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development|OECD]].

Since 1901, the crude death rate has fallen from about 12.2 deaths per 1,000 population, to 6.4 deaths per 1,000 population in 2006.<ref name=ABS2008YBpopsize>{{cite web|url=http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@.nsf/bb8db737e2af84b8ca2571780015701e/72097B9A70C71596CA2573D20010FD0A?opendocument|title=Population Size and Growth|work=1301.0 – Year Book Australia, 2008|publisher=[[Australian Bureau of Statistics]]|date=7 February 2008|access-date=3 January 2009}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+1921–1949
! rowspan=2 {{vert header|1920s}}
!
!1921
!1922
!1923
!1924
!1925
!1926
!1927
!1928
!1929
|-
|
|61.0
|62.9
|61.7
|62.5
|63.2
|62.9
|62.8
|62.9
|63.1
|- style="border-top:2px solid gray"
! rowspan=2 {{vert header|1930s}}
!1930
!1931
!1932
!1933
!1934
!1935
!1936
!1937
!1938
!1939
|-
|64.9
|65.3
|65.6
|65.4
|64.8
|65.1
|65.2
|65.8
|65.8
|65.8
|- style="border-top:2px solid gray"
! rowspan=2 {{vert header|1940s}}
!1940
!1941
!1942
!1943
!1944
!1945
!1946
!1947
!1948
!1949
|-
|66.2
|66.1
|65.9
|66.4
|68.0
|68.5
|68.0
|68.6
|68.5
|69.1
|}
Source: ''Our World in Data''<ref name="ourworldindata.org1">{{Cite web|url=https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/life-expectancy?year=1810|title=Life expectancy|website=Our World in Data|access-date=28 August 2018}}</ref>
[[File:Life expectancy by WBG -Australia -diff.png|thumb|300px|Life expectancy in Australia since 1960 by gender]]

{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;"
|+1950–2015
!Period
!Life expectancy in<br />Years
!Period
!Life expectancy in<br />Years
|-
|1950–1955
|69.4
|1985–1990
|76.2
|-
|1955–1960
|70.4
|1990–1995
|77.7
|-
|1960–1965
|70.9
|1995–2000
|78.8
|-
|1965–1970
|70.8
|2000–2005
|80.3
|-
|1970–1975
|71.8
|2005–2010
|81.5
|-
|1975–1980
|73.6
|2010–2015
|82.3
|-
|1980–1985
|75.1
|
|
|}
Source: ''UN World Population Prospects''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp/DataQuery/|title=World Population Prospects – Population Division – United Nations|year=2019|publisher=United Nations, Population Division|access-date=10 July 2019}}</ref>