Editing Danish language (section)

=== Standardized national language ===
{{Quote box |align=right|quoted=true |
|salign=right
|quote={{lang|da|Moders navn er vort Hjertesprog,<br /> kun løs er al fremmed Tale.<br /> Det alene i mund og bog,<br /> kan vække et folk af dvale.}}<br /> "Mother's name is our hearts' tongue,<br /> only idle is all foreign speech<br /> It alone, in mouth or in book,<br /> can rouse a people from sleep."
|source= [[N.F.S. Grundtvig]], "Modersmaalet"
}}

Following the loss of Schleswig to Germany, a sharp influx of German speakers moved into the area, eventually outnumbering the Danish speakers. The political loss of territory sparked a period of intense nationalism in Denmark, coinciding with the so-called "[[Danish Golden Age|Golden Age]]" of Danish culture. Authors such as [[N.F.S. Grundtvig]] emphasized the role of language in creating national belonging. Some of the most cherished Danish-language authors of this period are [[existentialism|existential]] [[philosopher]] [[Søren Kierkegaard]] and prolific [[fairy tale]] author [[Hans Christian Andersen]].{{sfn|Rischel|2012|p=828}} The influence of popular literary role models, together with increased requirements of education did much to strengthen the Danish language, and also started a period of homogenization, whereby the Copenhagen standard language gradually displaced the regional vernacular languages. Throughout the 19th century, Danes emigrated, establishing small expatriate communities in the Americas, particularly in the United States, Canada, and Argentina, where memory and some use of Danish remains today.
[[File:LinguisticSituationSchleswigSlesvig.png|thumb|right|[[Language shift]] in the 19th century in southern [[Schleswig]]]]

After the [[Schleswig plebiscites, 1920|Schleswig referendum in 1920]], a number of Danes remained as a [[Danish minority of Southern Schleswig|minority within German territories]].{{sfn|Rischel|2012|p=831}}
After the occupation of Denmark by Germany in World War II, the 1948 orthography reform dropped the German-influenced rule of capitalizing nouns, and introduced the letter {{vr|å}}. Three 20th-century Danish authors have become [[Nobel Prize]] laureates in [[Nobel Prize in Literature|Literature]]: [[Karl Adolph Gjellerup|Karl Gjellerup]] and [[Henrik Pontoppidan]] (joint recipients in 1917) and [[Johannes Vilhelm Jensen|Johannes V. Jensen]] (awarded 1944).

With the exclusive use of {{lang|da|rigsdansk}}, the High Copenhagen Standard, in national broadcasting, the traditional dialects came under increased pressure. In the 20th century, they have all but disappeared, and the standard language has extended throughout the country.{{sfn|Pedersen|2003}} Minor regional pronunciation variation of the standard language, sometimes called {{lang|da|regionssprog}} ("regional languages") remain, and are in some cases vital. Today, the major varieties of Standard Danish are High Copenhagen Standard, associated with elderly, well to-do, and well educated people of the capital, and low Copenhagen speech traditionally associated with the working class, but today adopted as the prestige variety of the younger generations.{{sfn|Kristiansen|Jørgensen|2003}}<ref>{{cite web |last=Quist |first=P. |date=2006 |title=lavkøbenhavnsk |url=http://dialekt.ku.dk/sociolekter/lavkoebenhavnsk/ |website=dialekt.ku.dk |access-date=20 July 2015 |archive-date=22 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722064014/http://dialekt.ku.dk/sociolekter/lavkoebenhavnsk/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Also, in the 21st century, the influence of immigration has had linguistic consequences, such as the emergence of a so-called [[multiethnolect]] in the urban areas, an immigrant Danish variety (also known as {{lang|da|[[Perkerdansk]]}}), combining elements of different immigrant languages such as Arabic, Turkish, and Kurdish, as well as English and Danish.{{sfn|Kristiansen|Jørgensen|2003}}