Editing Corsican language (section)

=== Sardinia ===
{{Main|Gallurese|Sassarese language}}
[[File:Gallurese.png|right|thumb|Languages in northern Sardinia]]
{{Blockquote|Sassarese derives from the Italian language and, more precisely, from ancient Tuscan, which by the 12th century had slowly grown to become the parlance of the commoners, at a time when the bourgeois and nobles still spoke Logudorese Sardinian. During the age of the Free Commune (1294–1323), the Sassarese dialect was nothing more than a contaminated Pisan, to which Sardinian, Corsican and Spanish expressions had been added; it is therefore not an indigenous dialect, but rather a continental one and, to be more specific, a mixed Tuscan dialect with its own peculiarities, and different from the Corsican-imported Gallurese.{{Efn|"Il sassarese deriva dalla lingua italiana e, più precisamente, dal toscano antico, poi trasformatosi lentamente in dialetto popolare fin dal secolo XII, quando ancora i borghesi e i nobili parlavano in sardo logudorese. Durante l'età del Libero Comune (1294–1323), il dialetto sassarese non-era altro che un pisano contaminato, al quale si aggiungevano espressioni sarde, corse e spagnole; non è quindi un dialetto autoctono, ma continentale e, meglio determinandolo, un sotto – dialetto toscano misto, con caratteri propri, diverso dal gallurese di importazione corsa.}}|Mario Pompeo Coradduzza, ''Il sistema del dialetto'', 2004, Introduzione}}

Some Italo-Romance languages that might have originated from Southern Corsican, but are also heavily influenced by the [[Sardinian language]], are spoken in the neighbouring island of [[Sardinia]].

Gallurese is spoken in the extreme north of the island, including the region of [[Gallura]], while [[Sassarese language|Sassarese]] is spoken in [[Sassari]] and in its neighbourhood, in the northwest of [[Sardinia]]. Their geographical position in Sardinia has been theorised to be the result of different migration waves from the already tuscanized Corsicans and the Tuscans, who then proceeded to settle in Sardinia and slowly displace the indigenous [[Logudorese Sardinian]] varieties spoken therein (at present, [[Luras]] is the only town in the middle of Gallura that has retained the original language).

On the [[Maddalena archipelago]], which was culturally Corsican but had been annexed to the [[House of Savoy|Savoyard]] [[Kingdom of Sardinia (1720–1861)|Kingdom of Sardinia]] a short while before Corsica was ceded by [[Genoa]] to France in 1767,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.comunelamaddalena.it/it/contenuti/articoli/dettagli/980/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020063430/http://www.comunelamaddalena.it/it/contenuti/articoli/dettagli/980/ |archive-date=2020-10-20 |title=La Maddalena nella storia|first=Giovanna |last=Sotgiu|website=Official website of the Maddalena Commune}}</ref> the local dialect (called ''isulanu'' or ''maddaleninu'') was brought by fishermen and shepherds from Bonifacio over a long period of immigration in the 17th and 18th centuries. Though influenced by Gallurese, it has maintained the original characteristics of Southern Corsican. In the dialect of ''maddalenino'', as it is known in Italian, there are also numerous words of [[Genoese dialect|Genoese]] and [[Ponza|Ponzese]] origin.{{Efn|For more information, see {{Harvnb|de Martino|1996}}.}}

Although Gallurese and Sassarese both belong to [[Italo-Dalmatian]], which is a group typologically different from Sardinian, it has long been a subject of debate whether the two should be included as dialects either of Corsican or of Sardinian or, in light of their historical development, even considered languages of their own.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://maxia-mail.doomby.com/medias/files/atti-convegno-palau-2014-def.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160309071517/http://maxia-mail.doomby.com/medias/files/atti-convegno-palau-2014-def.pdf |archive-date=2016-03-09 |url-status=live |title=Ciurrata Internaziunali di la Linga Gadduresa |publisher=Accademia di la Lingua Gadduresa |date=6 December 2014 |language=it}}</ref> It has been argued that all these varieties should be placed in a single category, [[Southern Romance languages|Southern Romance]], but such classification has not garnered universal support among linguists.

On 14 October 1997, Article 2 Item 4 of Law Number 26 of the Autonomous Region of Sardinia granted "the Sassarese and Gallurese dialects" («''al dialetto sassarese e a quello gallurese''») equal legal status with the other languages indigenous to [[Sardinia]]. Thus, even though they would technically not be covered by the national law pertaining to the historical linguistic minorities, among which is Sardinian, Sassarese and Gallurese are nonetheless recognized by the Sardinian government on a regional level.<ref>{{cite act |url=http://www.regione.sardegna.it/j/v/86?v=9&c=72&s=1&file=1997026 |title=Legge Regionale 15 ottobre 1997, n. 26 |index=26 |date=15 October 1997 |access-date=2008-06-16 |publisher=Autonomous Region of Sardinia |article=2, paragraph 4 |language=it }} {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210301195804/http://www.regione.sardegna.it/j/v/86?v=9&c=72&s=1&file=1997026 |date=1 March 2021 }}</ref>
<!--THIS MATERIAL EDITED FOR ACCURACY RELEVANCE AND FORMAT SHOULD GO UNDER THE ARTICLES ON THOSE LANGUAGES: This is a transitional language with many similarities to Southern Corsican.
This is transitional parlance between [[Italo-Western languages|Italo-Dalmatian languages]]<ref name= Cos>{{cite book
|last=Enrico
|first=Costa
|title=Sassari
|date=1992
|publisher=Edizioni Gallizzi
|location = Sassari
|language=it
|pages=vol.I, pag.51
|quote=Ai Pisani dobbiamo anche il nostro dialetto, che per la maggior parte è quasi lo stesso che vi si parla oggi – una specie di toscano del secolo XIII – corrotto più tardi da un po' di corso e da molto spagnuolo.
|no-pp=true}}</ref><ref name=Cor>{{cite book
|last=Mario Pompeo
|first=Coradduzza
|title=Il sistema del dialetto
|date=2004
|location= Sassari
|language=it
|pages=Prefazione
|quote=''... il sassarese deriva dalla lingua italiana e, più precisamente, dal toscano antico, poi trasformatosi lentamente in dialetto popolare fin dal secolo XII, quando ancora i borghesi e i nobili parlavano in sardo logudorese. Durante l'età del Libero Comune (1294–1323), il dialetto sassarese non era altro che un pisano contaminato, al quale si aggiungevano espressioni sarde, corse e spagnole; non è quindi un dialetto autoctono, ma continentale e, meglio determinandolo, un sotto – dialetto toscano misto, con caratteri propri, diverso dal gallurese di importazione corsa.''
|no-pp=true}}</ref><ref name=Max>{{cite book
|last=Max Leopold
|first=Wagner
|chapter=The problem of the geographical region to be attributed to Gallurese and Sassarese
|title=Neolatin Culture 3
|date=1943
|language=it
|pages=243, 267
|quote=''a dialect of the people which, following all evidences was formed step by step starting from the XVI century, after the period in which various deadly pestilences decimated the population of the city; most of the surviving people were of Pisan and Corsican origin, also quite many of Genovese people was part of the population. In this way the hybrid dialect that nowadays is being spoken in Sassari, Porto Torres and Sorso came into being. Its basis is a corrupt Tuscan with Genovese traces and quite some Sardinian terms.''}}</ref> and [[Sardinian language]].<ref>{{cite book
|last=Mauro
|first=Maxia
|title=Studi storici sui dialetti della Sardegna settentrionale
|date=1999
|publisher=Studium Adf
|location = Sassari
|language=it
|pages=21,37
|quote=''Mentre il còrso della colonia sassarese subiva il forte influsso logudorese, specialmente nella sintassi e nel lessico''" and "''dopo il fortissimo influsso sardo subito dal còrso nel processo di sovrapposizione sull'originario logudorese''
}}</ref> It has several similarities to Italian and in particular the old dialects of Italian from [[Tuscany]].<ref name="Cos"/><ref name="Cor"/><ref name="Max"/>-->