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===Predation=== A single carp can lay over a million eggs in a year.<ref name=arkive/> Eggs and fry often fall victim to bacteria, fungi, and the vast array of tiny predators in the pond environment. Carp that survive to the juvenile stage are preyed upon by other fish such as the [[northern pike]] and [[largemouth bass]], and several [[bird]]s (including [[Great cormorant|cormorants]], [[Grey heron|herons]], [[goosander]]s, and [[osprey]]s)<ref>Cramp, S. (ed.). ''The Birds of the Western Palearctic'' volumes 1 (1977) & 2 (1980). OUP.</ref> and [[mammal]]s (including [[European otter|otter]]<ref name="Mamm_2000">{{cite journal|doi=10.1515/mamm.2000.64.3.287 |title=Selective predation by otters ''Lutra lutra'' on common carp ''Cyprinus carpio'' at farmed fisheries |date=2000 |last1=Kloskowski |first1=J. |journal=Mamm |volume=64 |issue=3 |pages=287β294}}</ref> and mink<ref name="Poole_1976">{{cite journal|doi=10.1111/J.1469-7998.1976.TB02277.X |title=Underwater predatory behaviour of the American mink ''(Mustela vison)'' |date=1976 |last1=Poole |first1=Trevor B. |last2=Dunstone |first2=Nigel |journal=Journal of Zoology |volume=178 |issue=3 |pages=395β412 }}</ref>).
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