Editing Chinatown, Manhattan (section)

===={{Anchor|Emergence of Little Fuzhou(小福州) / Fuzhou Town(福州埠)}}Little Fuzhou====
{{main|Little Fuzhou}}
[[File:Fukien American.jpg|thumb|The [[Fujian|Fukien American]] Association on [[East Broadway (Manhattan)|East Broadway]] in [[Little Fuzhou]]]]
From the late 1980s through the 1990s, when a large influx of immigrants from Fuzhou, who largely also spoke Mandarin along with their native Fuzhou dialect began moving into [[New York City]], they were the only exceptional group of Chinese that were non-Cantonese to largely settle into Manhattan's Chinatown. Due to the fact that the Chinatown area were mostly populated by Cantonese speakers, the Fuzhou speaking immigrants had a lot of trouble relating to the neighborhood linguistically and culturally and as a result, they settled on the eastern borderline of Manhattan's Chinatown east of The Bowery, which during that time was more of an overlapping population of Chinese, Puerto Ricans, and Jewish as well as had significant vacant apartment units and were more affordable than in the more Mandarin-speaking enclaves in Flushing and Elmhurst, and many Fuzhou immigrants had no legal status and being forced into the lowest paying jobs. As they settled in the eastern borderline of Chinatown along East Broadway and Eldridge Street, it became fully part of Chinatown and slowly through the 1990s it would develop into being Little Fuzhou. This has resulted in referring to East Broadway as Fuzhou Street No. 1, which emerged during the late 1980s and early 1990s, and Eldridge Street as Fuzhou Street No. 2, which developed during the mid-1990s and early 2000s. [[Little Fuzhou]] became known as a new Chinatown, separate from the older, more Cantonese-dominated Chinatown from The Bowery going west, though there are still a little bit of remaining long time Cantonese residents and businesses in and around what is now the Little Fuzhou enclave.<ref name="Tsui2009">{{cite book |author=Bonnie Tsui |title=American Chinatown: A People's History of Five Neighborhoods |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VpTuJeqbGR4C&pg=PA69 |access-date=July 25, 2012 |date=August 11, 2009 |publisher=Simon and Schuster |isbn=978-1-4165-5723-4 |pages=69– |archive-date=March 14, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240314171913/https://books.google.com/books?id=VpTuJeqbGR4C&pg=PA69#v=onepage&q&f=false |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Chin1999">{{cite book |author=Ko-Lin Chin |title=Smuggled Chinese: Clandestine Immigration to the United States |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7gxBEkvPIxUC |access-date=July 25, 2012 |date=December 9, 1999 |publisher=Temple University Press |isbn=978-1-56639-733-9 |archive-date=March 14, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240314172027/https://books.google.com.eg/books?id=7gxBEkvPIxUC&redir_esc=y |url-status=live }}</ref>{{rp|20}}

Not only did the Fuzhou immigration influx establish a new portion of Manhattan's Chinatown, they contributed significantly in maintaining the Chinese population in the neighborhood. They also played a role in [[real estate appraisal|property values]] increasing quickly during the 1990s, in contrast to during the 1980s, when the housing prices were dropping. As a result, landlords were able to generate twice as much income in Manhattan's, Flushing's, and Brooklyn's Chinatowns.<ref name="Zhao2010" />{{rp|114}}

Since the 2010s, gentrification has been setting into the Chinatown neighborhood including the Little Fuzhou enclave. Large numbers of Fuzhou speakers have been rapidly moving out of Manhattan's Chinatown with many shifting to Brooklyn's Chinatown in Sunset Park, which has now overwhelmingly taken over as the largest Fuzhou community of [[New York City]]. Many Fuzhou owned businesses have now closed with increasing numbers of storefronts becoming vacant in the enclave and is now increasingly becoming quieter with fewer and fewer consumers walking around.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://voicesofny.org/2014/11/employment-agencies-chinatown-shrinking/|title=Voices of New York – Employment agencies in Chinatown are Shrinking|date=November 2014|access-date=January 8, 2016|archive-date=January 26, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160126085352/http://voicesofny.org/2014/11/employment-agencies-chinatown-shrinking/|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://voicesofny.org/2018/07/the-decline-of-east-broadway/|title=Why Does the Decline of East Broadway happen in Chinatown|date=July 17, 2018|author=Xiaoning Chen|language=zh, en|access-date=December 28, 2020|archive-date=May 27, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190527134505/https://voicesofny.org/2018/07/the-decline-of-east-broadway/|url-status=dead}} <!-- (Translation by Rong Xiaoqing to English, and archive url can be found [https://m.blog.naver.com/jdyi8589/221340704329 here] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211107170153/https://m.blog.naver.com/jdyi8589/221340704329 |date=November 7, 2021 }}) --></ref><ref name="auto5">{{cite web|url=https://eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu/genyc/2018/05/10/a-tale-of-two-chinatowns/|date=May 10, 2018|title=A Tale of Two Chinatowns – Gentrification in NYC {{!}} Rosenburg2018|author=Y. Xiang, ? Rosenburg|access-date=April 11, 2019|archive-date=January 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210119193235/https://eportfolios.macaulay.cuny.edu/genyc/2018/05/10/a-tale-of-two-chinatowns/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media |date=November 22, 2020 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VT8idZrIE4c | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/VT8idZrIE4c| archive-date=December 11, 2021 | url-status=live|title=美國紐約曼哈頓華埠東百老匯（福州街怡東樓商場）現狀 。Current status of East Broadway Chinatown in Manhattan, New York |publisher=龍卷風Yun Ni歡迎訂閱 |via=[[YouTube]] |access-date=October 26, 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media |date=August 27, 2020 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVLjNglC8zk |title=紐約生活紀實｜逛福州人唐人街-東百老匯的"小福州", 包括怡東商場旁的市集攤販; 買陶瓷餐具; 包厘街蘭州拉麵將結束營業! |publisher=在水一方 Living Overseas |via=[[YouTube]] |access-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201203025319/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hVLjNglC8zk |archive-date=December 3, 2020 |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media |date=October 12, 2020 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=usfnSa9EOAg | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/usfnSa9EOAg| archive-date=December 11, 2021 | url-status=live|title=美國疫情嚴重 紐約中國城 福州人 團結努力讓人佩服 {{!}}{{!}} Street Walk in New York {{!}}{{!}} Chinatown |publisher=StreetWalkNYC紐約現狀 |via=[[YouTube]] |access-date=October 26, 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="auto3">{{Cite web|url=https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/story/121382/4881829|title=新怡東關門 東百老匯商戶心慌|website=世界新聞網|access-date=December 28, 2020|archive-date=March 14, 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240314171916/https://www.worldjournal.com/wj/e404|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media |date=September 28, 2020 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P1DLaUowYw4 | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/P1DLaUowYw4| archive-date=December 11, 2021 | url-status=live|title=88 Palace of Chinatown is closing for good, no more clubbing 怡东酒楼关门与怡东商场近况 (2020/9/27) |publisher=Tech Explores NYC |via=[[YouTube]] |access-date=October 26, 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media |date=November 22, 2020 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o7nmbQeKceQ | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/o7nmbQeKceQ| archive-date=December 11, 2021 | url-status=live|title=疫情如此严重的时候，纽约唐人街福州乡亲的东百老汇是怎样的？ |publisher=紐約巡城馬 |via=[[YouTube]] |access-date=October 26, 2021}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{cite AV media |date=December 15, 2020 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4JY40VIh8go |title=紐約生活紀實｜疫情二度衝擊下的曼哈頓東百老匯 (又稱福州街, 小福州, 福州人唐人街) 和怡東商場 |publisher=在水一方 Living Overseas |via=[[YouTube]] |access-date=October 26, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210921030615/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4JY40VIh8go |archive-date=September 21, 2021 |url-status=live}}</ref>