Editing Chen Duxiu (section)

====Expelled by the party====
As the Party had grown rapidly following the [[May Thirtieth Movement]], leadership was divided over the organization of the Party.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=Wang |first=Xian |title=Gendered Memories: An Imaginary Museum for Ding Ling and Chinese Female Revolutionary Martyrs |date=2025 |publisher=[[University of Michigan Press]] |isbn=978-0-472-05719-1 |series=China Understandings Today series |location=Ann Arbor}}</ref>{{Rp|page=113}} Chen and [[Peng Shuzhi]] favored centralized authority, while [[Qu Qiubai]], [[Cai Hesen]], and [[Zhang Guotao]] supported increased autonomy for local Party organizations.<ref name=":02" />{{Rp|page=113}} During the [[5th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party|5th Congress]], Qu and Cai criticized Chen and Peng for what they described as rightist opportunism, contending that Chen and Peng's approach impeded the progress of worker's movements and leadership of the proletariat.<ref name=":02" />{{Rp|page=114}}

After the collaboration between the Communist Party and the KMT fell apart in 1927, the Comintern blamed Chen, and systematically removed him from all positions of leadership. In November 1929, he was expelled. Afterwards, Chen became associated with the [[International Left Opposition]] of [[Leon Trotsky]]. Like Chen, Trotsky opposed many of the policies of the Comintern, and publicly criticized the Comintern's effort to collaborate with the Nationalists. Chen eventually became the voice of the Trotskyists in China, attempting to regain support and influence within the party, but failed.{{sfn|Chow|2009}} Chen continued to oppose measures like [[New Democracy]] and the "Block of Four Classes" advocated by [[Mao Zedong]].

After the communist movement in the late 1920s, Chen Duxiu and Leon Trotsky began a complex relationship that was not known in the West. Their relationship reveals the developments of Trotskyism in China and deepen the understanding of the relationship between the Communists of China and Soviet Union. Due to lack of related resources, the public did not have a full understanding of the relationship between Chen Duxiu and Leon Trotsky. Nowadays, this situation has improved for the following reasons. Firstly, more printed materials in Chinese about Chen Duxiu are available. Secondly, in 1980, the "Exile papers of Leon Trotsky" which includes letters, personal notes, manuscripts, and many unpublished resources were made accessible.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Kuhfus|first=Peter|date=June 1985|title=Chen Duxiu and Leon Trotsky: New Light on their Relationship|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0305741000029933/type/journal_article|journal=The China Quarterly|language=en|volume=102|pages=253–276|doi=10.1017/S0305741000029933|s2cid=154305254 |issn=0305-7410}}</ref>