Editing Camillo Golgi (section)

===Cell organelle===

An organelle in eukaryotic cells now known as [[Golgi apparatus]] or Golgi complex, or sometimes simply as Golgi, was discovered by Camillo Golgi.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bentivoglio|first1=Marina|title=The Discovery of the Golgi Apparatus|journal=Journal of the History of the Neurosciences|date=1999|volume=8|issue=2|pages=202–208|doi=10.1076/jhin.8.2.202.1833|pmid=11624302}}</ref> Golgi modified his black reaction using osmium dichromate solution with which he stained the nerve cells ([[Purkinje cell]]s) of the cerebellum of a barn owl.<ref name=drosch>{{cite journal|last1=Dröscher|first1=Ariane|title=The history of the golgi apparatus in neurones from its discovery in 1898 to electron microscopy|journal=Brain Research Bulletin|date=1998|volume=47|issue=3|pages=199–203|doi=10.1016/S0361-9230(98)00080-X|pmid=9865850|s2cid=36117803}}</ref> He noticed thread-like networks inside the cells and named them ''apparato reticolare interno'' (internal reticular apparatus). Recognising them to be unique cellular components, he presented his discovery before the Medical-Surgical Society of Pavia in April 1898.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Mazzarello|first1=Paolo|last2=Garbarino|first2=Carla|last3=Calligaro|first3=Alberto|title=How Camillo Golgi became "the Golgi"|journal=FEBS Letters|date=2009|volume=583|issue=23|pages=3732–3737|doi=10.1016/j.febslet.2009.10.018|pmid=19833130|s2cid=23309035|doi-access=free|bibcode=2009FEBSL.583.3732M }}</ref> After the same was confirmed by his assistant Emilio Veratti, he published it in the ''Bollettino della Società medico-chirurgica di Pavia''.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Dröscher|first1=A|title=Camillo Golgi and the discovery of the Golgi apparatus|journal=Histochemistry and Cell Biology|date=1998|volume=109|issue=5–6|pages=425–30|pmid=9681625|doi=10.1007/s004180050245|s2cid=9679562}}</ref> However, most scientists disputed his discovery as nothing but a staining artefact. Their microscopes were not powerful enough to identify the organelles. By the 1930s, Golgi's description was largely rejected.<ref name=drosch/> It was only firmly established 50 years after its discovery, when electron microscopes were developed.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Bentivoglio|first1=M|last2=Mazzarello|first2=P|title=One hundred years of the Golgi apparatus: history of a disputed cell organelle|journal=Italian Journal of Neurological Sciences|date=1998|volume=19|issue=4|pages=241–247|pmid=10933465|doi=10.1007/bf02427612|s2cid=31879493}}</ref>