Editing Birmingham, Alabama (section)

===Climate===
Birmingham has a [[humid subtropical climate]], characterized by hot summers, mild winters, and abundant rainfall. Birmingham is primarily in USDA Hardiness Zone 8a, with some neighborhoods in Zone 8b.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Scharmann |first=Bobby |date=2025-01-20 |title=Birmingham, Alabama USDA Hardiness Zone: What It Means for Your Lawn and Garden - lawnlo |url=https://lawnlo.com/2025/01/20/birmingham-alabama-usda-hardiness-zone-what-it-means-for-your-lawn-and-garden/ |access-date=2025-01-20 |website=lawnlo.com |language=en-US}}</ref> January has a daily mean temperature of {{convert|43.8|°F|1}}. There are an average of 47 days annually with a low at or below freezing, and 1.4 days where the high does not surpass freezing.<ref name="NOAA txt">{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/access/services/data/v1?dataset=normals-monthly-1991-2020&startDate=0001-01-01&endDate=9996-12-31&stations=USW00013876&format=pdf |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |title=Station: Birmingham AP, AL |work=U.S. Climate Normals 2020: U.S. Monthly Climate Normals (1991–2020) |access-date=June 7, 2021}}</ref> July has a daily mean temperature of {{convert|81.1|°F|1}}. Highs reach or exceed {{convert|90|°F|0}} on 65 days per year and {{convert|100|°F|0}} on 2.<ref name="NOAA txt"/> Precipitation is relatively well-distributed throughout the year, sometimes falling in the form of snow during winter. {{convert|10.3|in|cm|1}} fell on March 13, 1993, during the [[1993 Storm of the Century]], which established the highest daily snowfall, one-storm, and winter season total on record. Normal snowfall for 1981–2010 was {{convert|1.6|in|cm|1|abbr=on}}. For the same period, the median monthly snowfall for each month was zero.<ref name="NOAA txt"/>

The summer months are hot, with high humidity. Most of the precipitation that falls in the summer are from thunderstorms, most of which occur in the afternoon and evening hours.

The spring and fall months are pleasant but variable as cold fronts frequently bring strong to severe thunderstorms and occasional tornadoes to the region. The fall season (primarily October) features less rainfall and fewer storms, as well as lower humidity than the spring, but November and early December represent a secondary severe weather season. Birmingham is located in the heart of a [[Tornado Alley]] known as the [[Dixie Alley]] due to the high frequency of tornadoes in Central Alabama. The greater Birmingham area has been hit by two F5 tornadoes; one in Birmingham's northern suburbs in [[Birmingham Tornado of April 1977|1977]], and second in the western suburbs in [[Birmingham Tornado of April 1998|1998]]. The area was hit by [[2011 Tuscaloosa–Birmingham tornado|an EF4 tornado]] which was part of a [[April 25–28, 2011 tornado outbreak|larger outbreak in April 2011]]. In late summer and fall months, Birmingham experiences occasional tropical storms and hurricanes due to its proximity to the Central Gulf Coast.

The record high temperature is {{convert|107|°F|0}}, set on July 29, 1930.<ref name="Jul Averages">{{cite web |url=http://www.weather.com/outlook/travel/vacationplanner/wxclimatology/daily/35209?climoMonth=7 |title=July Daily Averages for Birmingham, AL (35209) |publisher=The Weather Channel |access-date=November 24, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121027154130/http://www.weather.com/outlook/travel/vacationplanner/wxclimatology/daily/35209?climoMonth=7 |archive-date=October 27, 2012 }}</ref> The record low is {{convert|−10|°F|0}}, set on [[Great Blizzard of 1899|February 13, 1899]].<ref name="Feb Averages">{{cite web |url=http://www.weather.com/outlook/travel/vacationplanner/wxclimatology/daily/35209?climoMonth=2 |title=February Daily Averages for Birmingham, AL (35209) |publisher=weather.com |access-date=April 21, 2014}}</ref>

{{Weather box
| location = [[Birmingham–Shuttlesworth International Airport]], Alabama (1991–2020 normals,{{efn|Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1991 to 2020.}} extremes 1896–present){{efn|Official records for Birmingham kept May 1896 to December 1929 at the Weather Bureau Office and at Birmingham Int'l since January 1930. For more information, see [http://threadex.rcc-acis.org Threadex].}}
| single line = Y
| Jan record high F = 81
| Feb record high F = 88
| Mar record high F = 90
| Apr record high F = 92
| May record high F = 99
| Jun record high F = 106
| Jul record high F = 107
| Aug record high F = 105
| Sep record high F = 106
| Oct record high F = 101
| Nov record high F = 88
| Dec record high F = 80
| year record high F = 107
| Jan avg record high F = 71.5
| Feb avg record high F = 75.2
| Mar avg record high F = 81.8
| Apr avg record high F = 85.6
| May avg record high F = 90.7
| Jun avg record high F = 94.9
| Jul avg record high F = 97.0
| Aug avg record high F = 97.2
| Sep avg record high F = 94.2
| Oct avg record high F = 87.3
| Nov avg record high F = 79.0
| Dec avg record high F = 72.7
| year avg record high F = 98.6
| Jan high F = 54.5
| Feb high F = 59.1
| Mar high F = 67.1
| Apr high F = 75.0
| May high F = 82.0
| Jun high F = 88.1
| Jul high F = 91.0
| Aug high F = 90.6
| Sep high F = 85.9
| Oct high F = 76.0
| Nov high F = 65.0
| Dec high F = 56.9
| year high F = 74.3
| Jan mean F = 44.7
| Feb mean F = 48.8
| Mar mean F = 56.0
| Apr mean F = 63.6
| May mean F = 71.5
| Jun mean F = 78.3
| Jul mean F = 81.5
| Aug mean F = 80.9
| Sep mean F = 75.6
| Oct mean F = 64.9
| Nov mean F = 54.0
| Dec mean F = 47.4
| year mean F = 63.9
| Jan low F = 34.9
| Feb low F = 38.4
| Mar low F = 45.0
| Apr low F = 52.1
| May low F = 61.0
| Jun low F = 68.5
| Jul low F = 72.1
| Aug low F = 71.3
| Sep low F = 65.3
| Oct low F = 53.9
| Nov low F = 43.0
| Dec low F = 37.9
| year low F = 53.6
| Jan avg record low F = 15.8
| Feb avg record low F = 20.4
| Mar avg record low F = 25.6
| Apr avg record low F = 34.9
| May avg record low F = 45.1
| Jun avg record low F = 57.6
| Jul avg record low F = 64.4
| Aug avg record low F = 62.7
| Sep avg record low F = 50.1
| Oct avg record low F = 36.3
| Nov avg record low F = 25.7
| Dec avg record low F = 21.0
| year avg record low F = 13.4
| Jan record low F = −6
| Feb record low F = −10
| Mar record low F = 2
| Apr record low F = 26
| May record low F = 36
| Jun record low F = 42
| Jul record low F = 51
| Aug record low F = 51
| Sep record low F = 37
| Oct record low F = 27
| Nov record low F = 5
| Dec record low F = 1
| year record low F = −10
| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation inch = 5.03
| Feb precipitation inch = 4.95
| Mar precipitation inch = 5.66
| Apr precipitation inch = 5.08
| May precipitation inch = 4.91
| Jun precipitation inch = 4.78
| Jul precipitation inch = 5.45
| Aug precipitation inch = 4.35
| Sep precipitation inch = 4.00
| Oct precipitation inch = 3.34
| Nov precipitation inch = 4.23
| Dec precipitation inch = 4.87
| year precipitation inch = 56.62
| snow colour = green
| Jan snow inch = 0.4
| Feb snow inch = 0.3
| Mar snow inch = 0.5
| Apr snow inch = 0.0
| May snow inch = 0.0
| Jun snow inch = 0.0
| Jul snow inch = 0.0
| Aug snow inch = 0.0
| Sep snow inch = 0.0
| Oct snow inch = 0.0
| Nov snow inch = 0.0
| Dec snow inch = 0.2
| year snow inch = 1.4
| unit precipitation days = 0.01 in
| Jan precipitation days = 10.5
| Feb precipitation days = 10.8
| Mar precipitation days = 11.2
| Apr precipitation days = 9.2
| May precipitation days = 9.8
| Jun precipitation days = 11.2
| Jul precipitation days = 11.9
| Aug precipitation days = 10.6
| Sep precipitation days = 7.0
| Oct precipitation days = 7.1
| Nov precipitation days = 8.4
| Dec precipitation days = 10.4
| year precipitation days = 118.1
| unit snow days = 0.1 in
| Jan snow days = 0.2
| Feb snow days = 0.3
| Mar snow days = 0.2
| Apr snow days = 0.0
| May snow days = 0.0
| Jun snow days = 0.0
| Jul snow days = 0.0
| Aug snow days = 0.0
| Sep snow days = 0.0
| Oct snow days = 0.0
| Nov snow days = 0.0
| Dec snow days = 0.1
| year snow days = 0.8
| Jan humidity = 70.5
| Feb humidity = 66.5
| Mar humidity = 64.2
| Apr humidity = 65.0
| May humidity = 70.1
| Jun humidity = 71.6
| Jul humidity = 74.4
| Aug humidity = 74.6
| Sep humidity = 74.0
| Oct humidity = 71.6
| Nov humidity = 71.4
| Dec humidity = 71.2
| year humidity = 
| Jan sun = 149.8
| Feb sun = 159.8
| Mar sun = 219.1
| Apr sun = 247.6
| May sun = 282.6
| Jun sun = 280.7
| Jul sun = 264.3
| Aug sun = 260.7
| Sep sun = 223.8
| Oct sun = 231.9
| Nov sun = 166.3
| Dec sun = 154.4
| year sun = 2641.0
| Jan percentsun = 47
| Feb percentsun = 52
| Mar percentsun = 59
| Apr percentsun = 63
| May percentsun = 66
| Jun percentsun = 65
| Jul percentsun = 60
| Aug percentsun = 63
| Sep percentsun = 60
| Oct percentsun = 66
| Nov percentsun = 53
| Dec percentsun = 50
| year percentsun = 59
| Jan dew point C = −0.2
| Feb dew point C = 0.9
| Mar dew point C = 4.9
| Apr dew point C = 9.2
| May dew point C = 14.5
| Jun dew point C = 18.5
| Jul dew point C = 20.6
| Aug dew point C = 20.3
| Sep dew point C = 17.3
| Oct dew point C = 10.7
| Nov dew point C = 6.0
| Dec dew point C = 1.9
| source 1 = [[NOAA]] (relative humidity and dew point 1961–1990, sun 1961–1989)<ref name="NOAA txt" /><ref name=NOAA >{{cite web |url=https://w2.weather.gov/climate/xmacis.php?wfo=bmx |title=NowData – NOAA Online Weather Data |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date=June 7, 2021}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/attachments/CCD-2018.pdf |title=Comparative Climatic Data For the United States Through 2018 |publisher=NOAA |access-date=July 28, 2020 |archive-date=September 19, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919104105/https://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/sites/default/files/attachments/CCD-2018.pdf |url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=NOAAsun >{{cite web |url=https://www.ncei.noaa.gov/pub/data/normals/WMO/1961-1990/RA-IV/US/GROUP1/00010829.TXT |title=WMO Climate Normals for BIRMINGHAM/WSFO AL 1961–1990 |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date=April 22, 2024}}</ref><ref name="NOAA RH">{{cite web |url=ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_IV/US/GROUP3/72228.TXT |title=WMO Climate Normals for BIRMINGHAM/MUNICIPAL ARPT AL 1961–1990 |publisher=National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration |access-date=September 5, 2020}}</ref>
| source 2 = World Meteorological Organization (Extremes for 1961–1990)<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://library.wmo.int/viewer/53252/download?file=847_fr_en.pdf&type=pdf&navigator=1 |title=Birmingham/Mun. AL - 72228: Climotological Normals (CLINO) For The Period 1961-1990 |access-date=23 April 2024 |publisher=World Meteorological Organization |year=1996 |pages=435, 441 |format=PDF |isbn=92-63-0084 7-7 }}</ref>
| source = 
}}