Editing Bhopal (section)

==Geography==
[[File:Boats in Upper Lake, Bhopal.JPG|left|thumb|Boats in Bhojtal]]
Bhopal has an average elevation of 500&nbsp;metres (1,401&nbsp;ft) and is located in the central part of India, just north of the upper limit of the [[Vindhya]] mountain ranges. Located on the [[Malwa]] plateau, it is higher than the north Indian plains and the land rises towards the [[Vindhya Range]] to the south. The city has uneven elevation and has small hills within its boundaries. The prominent hills in Bhopal are the Idgah, Arera and Shyamala hills in the northern region, together with the Katara hills in the southern region. There are 17 lakes and 5 reservoirs biggest of them are [[Bhojtal|upper lake]] ([https://m.bharatdiscovery.org/india/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%A1%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC,_%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2 Bada Talab]) and [[Lower Lake, Bhopal|lower lake]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://buddymantra.com/the-city-of-lakesbhopal/ | title=The City of Lakes:bhopal | date=5 July 2018 }}</ref> The Upper Lake was built in the 11th century<ref>{{cite web |title=Bhopal disaster {{!}} Causes, Effects, Facts, & History {{!}} Britannica |url=https://www.britannica.com/event/Bhopal-disaster |website=britannica.com |date=17 June 2024|access-date=17 June 2024}}</ref> and has a surface area of 36&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> and catchment area of 361&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> while the Lower Lake has a surface area of 1.29&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup> and catchment area of 9.6&nbsp;km<sup>2</sup>.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.jica.go.jp/english/our_work/evaluation/oda_loan/post/2007/pdf/project32_full.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130130123214/http://www.jica.go.jp/english/our_work/evaluation/oda_loan/post/2007/pdf/project32_full.pdf |archive-date=30 January 2013 |url-status=live|title=Lake Bhopal Conservation and Management Project}}</ref> Recently, Bhopal Municipal Corporation came with a resolution to involve local citizens in cleaning, conserving and maintaining the lakes.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/bhopal/bhopal-in-2020-bmc-resolves-to-work-on-parks-conservation-of-lakes-public-participation|title=Bhopal: In 2020 BMC resolves to work on parks, conservation of lakes & public participation|website=Free Press Journal|access-date=29 January 2020}}</ref> Bhopal city is divided into two parts where one part which is near the VIP road and lake is Old Bhopal (north) and the other, New Bhopal (south), where malls are mainly situated. List of pin codes from Bhopal is 462001 to 462050 which comes under Bhopal postal division (Bhopal Region).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://webconte.com/pin_code/madhya_pradesh/bhopal|title=Pin Code Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, Post Office|website=WebConte}}</ref>

===Climate===
{{climate chart
| Bhopal
| 9.4|24.4|12.9
| 11.4|28.3|7.8
| 17.1|33.6|7.2
| 21.8|38.3|4.5
| 25.5|40.7|8.0
| 25.3|37.0|114.0
| 23.1|30.6|355.8
| 22.4|28.8|388.4
| 21.4|30.5|195.8
| 18.4|32.0|26.2
| 12.1|29.0|13.7
| 9.9|25.3|12.4
| float=right
| clear=right
}}

Bhopal has a [[humid subtropical climate]] (Cwa), with cool, dry winters, a hot summer and a humid monsoon season. Summers start in late March and go on until mid-June, the average temperature being around 30&nbsp;°C (86&nbsp;°F), with the peak of summer in May, when the highs regularly exceed 40&nbsp;°C (104&nbsp;°F). Extreme high in May was 46.7&nbsp;°C on 19 May 2016, and in June, it was 45.9&nbsp;°C on 7 June 2019. The monsoon starts in late June and ends in late September. These months see about 40&nbsp;inches (1020&nbsp;mm) of precipitation, frequent thunderstorms and flooding. The average temperature is around 25&nbsp;°C (77&nbsp;°F) and the humidity is quite high. Temperatures rise again up to early November when winter starts, which lasts up to early March. Winters in Bhopal are cool, and not very much comfortable like summers, with average daily temperatures around 18&nbsp;°C (64&nbsp;°F). The winter peaks in January when temperatures may drop close to freezing on some nights. Lowest temperature ever recorded was 0.6&nbsp;°C. Total annual rainfall is about 1101&nbsp;mm (43.35&nbsp;inches).
{{Weather box
|location = Bhopal ([[Bairagarh, Berasia|Bairaghar]]) 1991–2020, extremes 1949–present
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan record high C = 33.0
| Feb record high C = 37.6
| Mar record high C = 40.7
| Apr record high C = 44.4
| May record high C = 46.7
| Jun record high C = 45.6
| Jul record high C = 41.2
| Aug record high C = 35.6
| Sep record high C = 37.4
| Oct record high C = 39.6
| Nov record high C = 35.3
| Dec record high C = 32.8
| year record high C = 46.0
| Jan high C = 24.9
| Feb high C = 28.4
| Mar high C = 33.9
| Apr high C = 38.7
| May high C = 41.1
| Jun high C = 37.4
| Jul high C = 30.9
| Aug high C = 28.9
| Sep high C = 31.3
| Oct high C = 32.7
| Nov high C = 29.9
| Dec high C = 26.7
| year high C = 
|Jan mean C = 17.6
|Feb mean C = 21.0
|Mar mean C = 26.0
|Apr mean C = 30.8
|May mean C = 34.0
|Jun mean C = 31.0
|Jul mean C = 26.9
|Aug mean C = 25.7
|Sep mean C = 26.6
|Oct mean C = 25.8
|Nov mean C = 22.3
|Dec mean C = 18.7
| Jan low C = 10.6
| Feb low C = 13.1
| Mar low C = 17.6
| Apr low C = 22.4
| May low C = 26.6
| Jun low C = 26.0
| Jul low C = 23.8
| Aug low C = 23.0
| Sep low C = 22.2
| Oct low C = 19.1
| Nov low C = 15.0
| Dec low C = 11.2
| year low C =
| Jan record low C = 0.6
| Feb record low C = 1.7
| Mar record low C = 6.1
| Apr record low C = 12.2
| May record low C = 16.7
| Jun record low C = 19.5
| Jul record low C = 19.0
| Aug record low C = 16.8
| Sep record low C = 13.8
| Oct record low C = 11.7
| Nov record low C = 6.1
| Dec record low C = 1.0
| year record low C = 0.6
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 11.3
| Feb rain mm = 9.4
| Mar rain mm = 8.8
| Apr rain mm = 6.5
| May rain mm = 14.2
| Jun rain mm = 132.8
| Jul rain mm = 367.7
| Aug rain mm = 326.0
| Sep rain mm = 175.6
| Oct rain mm = 31.5
| Nov rain mm = 8.7
| Dec rain mm = 8.5
| year rain mm = 1101.0
| Jan rain days = 0.9
| Feb rain days = 0.9
| Mar rain days = 0.8
| Apr rain days = 0.6
| May rain days = 1.2
| Jun rain days = 7.3
| Jul rain days = 14.4
| Aug rain days = 13.9
| Sep rain days = 8.1
| Oct rain days = 1.8
| Nov rain days = 0.6
| Dec rain days = 0.2
| year rain days = 50.7
|time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| Jan humidity = 42
| Feb humidity = 33
| Mar humidity = 24
| Apr humidity = 19
| May humidity = 22
| Jun humidity = 46
| Jul humidity = 74
| Aug humidity = 79
| Sep humidity = 66
| Oct humidity = 45
| Nov humidity = 43
| Dec humidity = 43
|year humidity = 45
| Jan sun = 279.0
| Feb sun = 271.2
| Mar sun = 285.2
| Apr sun = 303.0
| May sun = 303.8
| Jun sun = 195.0
| Jul sun = 108.5
| Aug sun = 105.4
| Sep sun = 192.0
| Oct sun = 275.9
| Nov sun = 270.0
| Dec sun = 263.5
| year sun = 
| Jand sun = 9.0
| Febd sun = 9.6
| Mard sun = 9.2
| Aprd sun = 10.1
| Mayd sun = 9.8
| Jund sun = 6.5
| Juld sun = 3.5
| Augd sun = 3.4
| Sepd sun = 6.4
| Octd sun = 8.9
| Novd sun = 9.0
| Decd sun = 8.5
|yeard sun = 7.8
|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]] (sun 1971–2000)<ref name="IMDnormals">{{cite web |url=https://www.imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230101061732/https://www.imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Climatological%20Tables%201991-2020.pdf |archive-date=1 January 2023 |title=Climatological Tables 1991–2020 |publisher=India Meteorological Department |access-date=1 January 2023 |page=21}}</ref><ref name=IMDextremes>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = December 2016
| page = M15
| access-date = 18 March 2020}}</ref><ref name=IMDsun>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042602/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Daily%20Normals%20of%20Global%20&%20Diffused%20Radiations%20%201971_2000.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/Daily%20Normals%20of%20Global%20&%20Diffused%20Radiations%20%201971_2000.pdf
| title = Table 3 Monthly mean duration of Sunshine (hours) at different locations in India
| work = Daily Normals of Global & Diffuse Radiation (1971–2000)
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = December 2016
| page = M-3
| access-date = 18 March 2020}}</ref>
|source 2 = Tokyo Climate Center (mean temperatures 1991–2020)<ref name=TCC1>
{{cite web
| url = https://ds.data.jma.go.jp/gmd/tcc/tcc/products/climate/normal/parts/NrmMonth_e.php?stn=42667
| title = Normals Data: Bhopal/Baipaghar – India Latitude: 23.28°N Longitude: 77.35°E Height: 522 (m)
| publisher = Japan Meteorological Agency
| access-date = 1 December 2022}}</ref>
}}Bhopal has been ranked 6th best "National Clean Air City" (under Category 1 >10L Population cities) in India according to 'Swachh Vayu Survekshan 2024 Results'.<ref>{{Cite web |date=7 September 2024 |title=Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan 2024 |url=https://prana.cpcb.gov.in/ncapServices/robust/fetchFilesFromDrive/Swachh_Vayu_Survekshan_2024_Result.pdf |website=Swachh Vayu Sarvekshan 2024 |access-date=19 September 2024 |archive-date=14 September 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240914164336/https://prana.cpcb.gov.in/ncapServices/robust/fetchFilesFromDrive/Swachh_Vayu_Survekshan_2024_Result.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== List of lakes ===
[[File:Welcome to Bhopal.jpg|320px|thumb|Lighting for The City of Lakes in Bhopal]]
# [[Bhojtal]] (Bada Talaab/ Upper Lake)
# [[Lower Lake (Bhopal)|Chhota Talaab]] (Lower Lake)
# Shahpura Lake
# Motia Talaab (at Taj-Ul-Masajid, Shahjehanbad)
# Nawab Siddique Hasan Khan Talaab (First Step lake Below Motia Talaab)
# Munshi Hussain Khan Talaab (Second Step lake Below Motia Talaab)
# Lendiya Talaab (Ram Nagar Colony) 
# Sarangpani Lake (Piplani, BHEL area)
# Manit Lotus Lake (Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology)
# Jawahar Baal Udhyaan Lake (Ravishankar Nagar, Below Char Imli)
# Bordi Kalan (Bhadbhada Road)
# Preet Nagar Lake (Vidisha Bypass Road)
# Nariyalkheda Golf Course Lake (SCEPTA Golf Course)
# Laharpur Lake
# Mullah Sarovar (Barkatullah University, Habibganj)
# Nevri Talaab (Ajgar Talav near Sanjeev Nagar)
# New Jail Pond (Ayodhya Bypass Road)
# Bairagarh Visarjan Ghat (Sant Hirdaram Nagar)

=== List of reservoirs ===
# [[Kolar Dam (Bhopal)|Kolar Dam]]
# [[Kerwa Dam]]
# Kaliyasot Dam
# [[Halali Dam]]
# [[Bhadbhada Dam]]
# Hathaikheda Dam