Editing Berkeley, California (section)

====Housing and zoning changes====
[[File:Berkeley BART Station 1973 Postcard.jpg|thumb|left|Shattuck Avenue at Center Street in downtown Berkeley, as seen in 1973]]
After the 1960s, Berkeley banned most new housing construction, in particular apartments.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Savidge |first=Nico |date=July 25, 2023 |title=Berkeley is adding new housing at the fastest rate in decades |url=https://www.berkeleyside.org/2023/07/25/berkeley-housing-boom-construction |website=Berkeleyside |language=en-US}}</ref>

Increasing enrollment at the university led to replacement of older buildings by large apartment buildings, especially in older parts of the city near the university and downtown. Increasing enrollment also led the university to wanting to redevelop certain places of Berkeley, especially Southside, but more specifically People's Park.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Mitchell|first=Don|title=Iconography and locational conflict from the underside: Free speech, People's Park, and the politics of homelessness in Berkeley, California|journal=Political Geography|volume=11|issue=2|pages=152–169|doi=10.1016/0962-6298(92)90046-V|year=1992}}</ref> [[Preservationists]] passed the Neighborhood Protection Ordinance in 1973 by ballot measure and the Landmarks Preservation Ordinance in 1974 by the City Council. Together, these ordinances brought most new construction to a halt.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/contentdisplay.aspx?id=500|title=Urban Design and Preservation Element|author=City of Berkeley|access-date=April 17, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418081819/http://www.ci.berkeley.ca.us/contentdisplay.aspx?id=500|archive-date=April 18, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref> Facing rising housing costs, residents voted to enact [[rent control]] and vacancy control in 1980.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Rent_Stabilization_Board/Home/Ordinance__Rent_Stabilization_and_Eviction_for_Good_Cause.aspx|title=Ordinance: Rent Stabilization and Eviction for Good Cause – City of Berkeley, CA|website=Cityofberkeley.info|access-date=September 29, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190929051037/https://www.cityofberkeley.info/Rent_Stabilization_Board/Home/Ordinance__Rent_Stabilization_and_Eviction_for_Good_Cause.aspx|archive-date=September 29, 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref> Though more far-reaching in their effect than those of some of the other jurisdictions in California that chose to use rent control where they could, these policies were limited by the [[Costa-Hawkins Rental Housing Act]], a statewide ban on rent control that came into effect in 1995 and limited rent control to multi-family units that were built (or technically buildings that were issued their original certificate of occupation) before the state law came into effect in 1995. For cities such as Berkeley, where rent control was already in place, the law limited the use of rent control to units built before the local rent-control law was enacted, i.e. 1980.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cityofberkeley.info/Rent_Stabilization_Board/Home/What_is_Rent_Control_.aspx|title=What is Rent Control? ... and How Does It Affect Me?|publisher=City of Berkeley|access-date=April 17, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170418081034/http://www.cityofberkeley.info/Rent_Stabilization_Board/Home/What_is_Rent_Control_.aspx|archive-date=April 18, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>