Editing Battle of Vienna (section)

== Significance ==
[[File:Grottger-Jan III Sobieski i Leopold I pod Schwechat.jpg|right|thumb|''Sobieski meeting Leopold I'', by [[Artur Grottger]]]]
[[File:King John III Sobieski Sobieski sending Message of Victory to the Pope, after the Battle of Vienna 111.PNG|thumbnail|''Sobieski Sending Message of Victory to the Pope'', by [[Jan Matejko]] ]]
The victory at Vienna set the stage for a conquest of Hungary and (temporarily) lands in the Balkans in the following years by Louis of Baden, [[Maximilian II Emanuel of Bavaria]] and [[Prince Eugene of Savoy]]. The Ottomans fought on for another 16 years, eventually losing control of Hungary and Transylvania. The Holy Roman Empire signed the [[Treaty of Karlowitz]] with the Ottoman Empire in 1699, which would cede much of Hungary to the Habsburgs. The battle marked the historic end of Ottoman expansion into Europe. The actions of Louis XIV of France furthered [[French–German enmity]]; in the following month, the [[War of the Reunions]] broke out in the western part of the weakened Holy Roman Empire.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}}

Since Sobieski had entrusted his kingdom to the protection of the [[Veneration of Mary in Roman Catholicism|Blessed Virgin]] ([[Black Madonna of Częstochowa|Our Lady of Częstochowa]]) before the battle, Pope Innocent XI commemorated his victory by extending the feast of the [[Holy Name of Mary]], which until then had been celebrated solely in [[Habsburg Spain|Spain]] and the [[Kingdom of Naples]], to the entire Church; it used to be celebrated on the Sunday within the Octave of the [[Nativity of Mary]] (between 9 and 15 September) and was, when [[Pope Pius X]] intended to make room for the celebration of the actual Sundays, transferred to 12 September, the day of the victory.{{citation needed|date=November 2022}} {{Relevance inline|date=May 2023}} The Pope would change the papal coat of arms by adding the Polish crowned White Eagle. After victory in the Battle of Vienna, the Polish king was also granted by the Pope the title of "Defender of the Faith" ("Defensor Fidei").<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pch24.pl/chca-nam-odebrac-victorie-wiedenska-,17575,i.html |title=Chcą nam odebrać Victorię wiedeńską? |work=pch24.pl |date=9 September 2013 |access-date=10 September 2016}}</ref> In honor of Sobieski, the Austrians erected a church atop the Kahlenberg hill north of Vienna.

<gallery heights="180" widths="150">
File:Sobieskitablica.jpg|Plaque at the Polish [[Resurrectionist Congregation|''Congregatio Resurrectionis'']] church on [[Kahlenberg]]
File:Moldauer Kreuz-Kapelle2.JPG|The ''Moldauer Kapelle'' housing a replica of Cantacuzino's cross
File:Battle of Vienna02.jpg|Plaque memorializing the 300th anniversary of the successful defense against the Ottomans at the gates of Vienna
</gallery>

=== September 11 attacks ===
Some have proposed that [[Al-Qaeda]] chose September 11, 2001 as the date to carry out [[September 11 attacks|terrorist attacks throughout the United States]] due to the day's perceived significance as the turning point in the Battle of Vienna.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Hitchens |first=Christopher |date=3 October 2001 |title=Why the suicide killers chose September 11 |language=en-GB |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/oct/03/september11.usa2 |access-date=8 November 2023 |issn=0261-3077 |archive-date=9 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240809034727/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2001/oct/03/september11.usa2 |url-status=live}}</ref> According to [[Lawrence Wright]], September 11, 1683 was seen by Al-Qaeda as the date when the [[Western world]] gained dominance over Islam; the 11th of September 318 years later would mark a rebirth of Islamic power.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hudson |first=John |date=3 May 2013 |title=How jihadists schedule terrorist attacks |url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2013/05/03/how-jihadists-schedule-terrorist-attacks/ |access-date=8 November 2023 |website=Foreign Policy |language=en-US |archive-date=4 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200404042748/https://foreignpolicy.com/2013/05/03/how-jihadists-schedule-terrorist-attacks/ |url-status=live}}</ref>