Editing Art Nouveau (section)

===Art Nouveau in France===
{{Main|École de Nancy|Art Nouveau in Paris}}
<gallery mode="packed" heights="180px">
File:Immeuble art nouveau de Jules Lavirotte à Paris (5519755116).jpg|Façade of the [[Lavirotte Building]] by [[Jules Lavirotte]] at 29, {{lang|fr|avenue Rapp|italic=no}}, [[Paris]] (1901)
File:XDSC 7288-29-av-Rapp-paris-7.jpg|Doorway of the Lavirotte Building, with ceramic sculptures by {{Interlanguage link|Jean-Baptiste Larrivé|fr}}
File:MuchaFouquet3.jpg|Jewellery shop of [[Georges Fouquet]] at 6, {{lang|fr|rue Royale|italic=no}}, Paris, designed by [[Alphonse Mucha]], now in the [[Carnavalet Museum]] (1901)
File:Pharmacie Lesage.JPG|[[Pharmacie Lesage]] by [[François Rouvray]] at 78, rue du Général-de-Gaulle, [[Douvres-la-Délivrande]] (1901)
File:Villa Majorelle facade.JPG|[[Villa Majorelle]] in [[Nancy, France|Nancy]] for furniture designer [[Louis Majorelle]] by architect [[Henri Sauvage]] (1901–02)
File:Immeuble rue de l'église détail 1.jpg|Alfred Wagon building at 24, {{lang|fr|place Étienne Pernet|italic=no}}, Paris (1905)
File:La Samaritaine rue de la Monnaie 2.jpg|Façade of [[La Samaritaine]] department store by [[Frantz Jourdain]], {{lang|fr|rue de la Monnaie|italic=no}}, Paris (1905–1910)
File:Gare de Rouen Rive-Droite, South View 140215 1.jpg|[[Rouen-Rive-Droite railway station]] by [[Adolphe Dervaux]], with sculptures by [[Camille Lefèvre]] (1928)
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Following the 1900 Exposition, the capital of Art Nouveau was Paris. The most extravagant residences in the style were built by [[Jules Lavirotte]], who entirely covered the façades with ceramic sculptural decoration. The most flamboyant example is the [[Lavirotte Building]], at 29, {{lang|fr|avenue Rapp}} (1901). Office buildings and department stores featured high courtyards covered with stained glass cupolas and ceramic decoration. The style was particularly popular in restaurants and cafés, including ''[[Maxim's]]'' at [[Rue Royale, Paris|3, ''rue Royale'']], and [[Le Train Bleu (restaurant)|''Le Train bleu'']] at the [[Gare de Lyon]] (1900).{{Sfn|Texier|2012|pp=86–87}}

The status of Paris attracted foreign artists to the city. The Swiss-born artist [[Eugène Grasset]] was one of the first creators of French Art Nouveau posters. He helped decorate the famous cabaret [[Le Chat Noir]] in 1885, made his first posters for the ''Fêtes de Paris'' and a celebrated poster of [[Sarah Bernhardt]] in 1890. In Paris, he taught at the Guérin school of art (''École normale d'enseignement du dessin''), where his students included [[Augusto Giacometti]] and [[Paul Berthon]].{{Sfn|Lahor|2007|p=104}}<ref>Duncan (1994), p. 37.</ref> Swiss-born [[Théophile-Alexandre Steinlen]] created the famous poster for the Paris [[cabaret]] [[Le Chat Noir|''Le Chat noir'']] in 1896. The [[Czechs|Czech]] artist [[Alphonse Mucha]] (1860–1939) arrived in Paris in 1888, and in 1895, made a poster for actress Sarah Bernhardt in the play ''[[Gismonda]]'' by [[Victorien Sardou]] in [[Théâtre de la Renaissance]]. The success of this poster led to a contract to produce posters for six more plays by Bernhardt.

The city of [[Nancy, France|Nancy]] in [[Lorraine]] became the other French capital of the new style. In 1901, the ''Alliance provinciale des industries d'art'', also known as the ''[[École de Nancy]]'', was founded, dedicated to upsetting the hierarchy that put painting and sculpture above the decorative arts. The major artists working there included the glass vase and lamp creators [[Émile Gallé]], the [[Daum (studio)|Daum]] brothers in glass design, and the designer [[Louis Majorelle]], who created furniture with graceful floral and vegetal forms. The architect [[Henri Sauvage]] brought the new architectural style to Nancy with his [[Villa Majorelle]] in 1902.

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File:Tea set, by Bapst & Falize, Germain Bapst, and Lucien Falize, partially gilt silver, ivory and agate, inv. 23868 A-D, MAD Paris.jpg|Tea set by [[Bapst & Falize]], [[Germain Bapst]], and [[Lucien Falize]], made of partially gilt silver, ivory and agate ({{circa|1889}})
File:Cheret, Jules - La Loie Fuller (pl 73).jpg|Poster for the dancer [[Loie Fuller]] by [[Jules Chéret]] (1893)
File:Martin nancy1894.jpg|Poster by Camille Martin for ''L'Exposition d'art décoratif'' at the Galeries Poirel in [[Nancy, France|Nancy]] (1894)
File:Alphonse Mucha - Poster for Victorien Sardou's Gismonda starring Sarah Bernhardt.jpg|Poster by [[Alphonse Mucha]] for ''[[Gismonda]]'' starring [[Sarah Bernhardt]] (1894)
File:Émile andrè, ed eugéne vallin, porta di un camerino dei magasing françois vaxelaire et cie, nancy 1901 (vetrata di jacques gruber).JPG|Doors with stained glass for the Store of Francois Vaexlaire in Nancy (1901), glass by [[Jacques Grüber]], doors by [[Émile Andrè]] and [[Eugéne Vallin]]
File:Chambre à coucher Majorelle.jpg|Bedroom furniture of the [[Villa Majorelle]] (1901–02), now in the [[Museum of Fine Arts of Nancy]]
File:René lalique, pettine in corno, oro, smalti e brillanti, 1902 ca.JPG|Comb of horn, gold, and diamonds by [[René Lalique]] ({{circa|1902}}), in the [[Musée d'Orsay]], Paris
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The French style was widely propagated by new magazines, including ''The Studio'', ''Arts et Idées'' and ''Art et Décoration'', whose photographs and colour [[lithograph]]s made the style known to designers and wealthy clients around the world.

In France, the style reached its summit in 1900, and thereafter slipped rapidly out of fashion, virtually disappearing from France by 1905. Art Nouveau was a luxury style, which required expert and highly-paid craftsmen, and could not be easily or cheaply mass-produced. One of the few Art Nouveau products that could be mass-produced was the perfume bottle, and these are still manufactured in the style today.