Editing Ali Shariati (section)

==Sociology==
Some scholars classify him among the current religious neo-thinkers.{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}} According to this standpoint, Shariati accepted the rationality of the West. Shariati called the theoretical foundation of the West [[civilisation]] and called its appearances ''Tajadod'' (renewal). He emphasised accepting civilisation and criticised ''Tajadod''. He also believed that civilisation has to be considered as something deep. He also highly acknowledged the importance of [[Science|empirical science]] and knowledge. He appreciated the [[Empirical evidence|empirical methodology]] and criticised [[Traditionalism (Islam)|traditionalism]] for its disregard for scientific methodology. On another hand, he criticised the Modernists because they confuse the Western [[ideological]] theories with valid scientific [[epistemology]]. According to Shariati, the knowledge of reason is self-evident. Therefore, he suggested thinking of reason as the axiom for understanding the other sources, namely the holy book or [[Quran]], [[ḥadīth]] (tradition), [[sīra]] (prophetic biography) and [[ijmāʿ]] (consensus). Shariati also dismissed consensus as a source for understanding [[religion]]. He insisted on the concepts of knowledge and time along with the holy book and tradition, and stressed the important role of methodology and changing of viewpoint.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://link.gale.com/apps/doc/A508247548/ITOF?u=wikipedia&sid=ebsco&xid=5401bc2b |title=40th memorial ceremony of Dr. Shariati held in London |publisher=Iran Daily (Tehran, Iran)}}</ref>

Shariati, who was a fan of Georges Gurvitch in his analysis of [[sociology]], believed that there was no special pattern for the analysis of social affairs and historical events.{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}} He thought that there was no unity of religion and society, but rather there were many religions and societies. He referred to the active role of the [[scholar]] of human science during investigation and scientific research.{{Citation needed|date=August 2022}} He believed that there was a relationship between the values of scholarship and the effects of those values on the conclusions of an investigation. He believed that it was not necessary to extend the other conclusions of other Western scholars to Iranian society. However, he criticised the Western ideological schools, including [[nationalism]], liberalism and Marxism. He maintained that there was [[conformity]] and correspondence between Western philosophy and Iranian society. According to Shariati, democracy is inconsistent with revolutionary evolution and progress. One of his criticisms of Western ideology is its imitation of those ideologies.{{Verify source|date=March 2025|Check translation for "imitation of those ideologies"}} One of his other criticisms is the denial of spirituality in Western philosophy. Those ideologies attempt to prevent humans from achieving transcendental goals and any evolutionary movements.{{Verify source|date=March 2025|Check translation for "evolutionary movements"}}  In this vein, he firmly criticised [[capitalism]], and at the same time he admired socialism because it would lead humanity to evolution and free it from [[utilitarianism]]. However, he firmly criticised [[Karl Marx]]. According to Shariati, Marx's theory on the [[economy]] as the infrastructure and foundation of humanity and society was incorrect. Conversely, [[Sharia]] places the human, not the economy, as the foundation and origin of society.<ref>{{cite book |author=Fardin Qoreishi |url=http://www.noormags.ir/view/fa/articlepage/70654/%d8%b9%d9%84%db%8c-%d8%b4%d8%b1%db%8c%d8%b9%d8%aa%db%8c-%d9%88-%d8%ba%d8%b1%d8%a8-%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c%d8%b4%db%8c-%d8%a7%d8%b2-%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b6%d8%b9-%d9%86%d9%88%da%af%d8%b1%d8%a7%db%8c%db%8c-%d8%af%db%8c%d9%86%db%8c?q=%D8%B9%D9%84%DB%8C%20%D8%B4%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B9%D8%AA%DB%8C&score=431.22278&rownumber=2 |title=Shariati and thinking on west from religious neo reflection |pages=178–179 |year=2001 |magazine=Nameh Pajouhesh}}</ref>{{clarify|date=May 2017}}