Editing 5th millennium BC (section)

====China====
{{further|Neolithic China}}
Chinese civilisation advanced in this millennium with the beginnings of three noted cultures from around 5000 BC. The [[Yangshao culture]] was based in the [[Huang He]] (Yellow River) basin and endured for some 2,000 years. It is believed that pigs were first domesticated there. Pottery was fired in kilns dug into the ground and then painted. Millet was cultivated.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Archaeology of China: From the Late Palaeolithic to the Early Bronze Age |surname1=Liu |given1=Li |author-link=Liu Li (archaeologist) |surname2=Chen |given2=Xingcan |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2012 |isbn=978-0-521-64310-8}}</ref> A type-site settlement for the Yangshao was established {{Circa|4700 BC}} at [[Banpo]] near modern [[Xi'an]], [[Shaanxi]].<ref>{{cite book |doi=10.1007/978-90-481-8716-4_8 |chapter=Climate Change and Desertification with Special Reference to the Cases in China |title=Changing Climates, Earth Systems and Society |year=2010 |last1=Yang |first1=Xiaoping |isbn=978-90-481-8715-7 |pages=177–187}}</ref>

Also about 5000 BC, the [[Hemudu culture]] began in eastern China with [[History of rice cultivation|cultivation of rice]],<ref>{{cite journal | last1=Crawford | first1=Gary W. | last2=Shen | first2=Chen | title=The origins of rice agriculture: recent progress in East Asia | journal=Antiquity | publisher=Cambridge University Press (CUP) | volume=72 | issue=278 | year=1998 | issn=0003-598X | doi=10.1017/s0003598x00087494 | pages=858–866| s2cid=162486123 }}</ref> and the [[Majiabang culture]] was established on the [[Yangtze]] estuary near modern [[Shanghai]], lasting until {{Circa|3300 BC}}.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Archaeology of Ancient China |author-link=Kwang-chih Chang |last=Chang |first=Kwang-chih |year=1986 |isbn=0-300-03784-8 |pages= 206–209|publisher=Yale University Press }}</ref>