Editing 1944 (section)

===July===
{{Main article|July 1944}}
[[File:Bundesarchiv Bild 146-1972-025-12, Zerstörte Lagerbaracke nach dem 20. Juli 1944.jpg|thumb|Aftermath of the failed [[20 July plot]] to kill Hitler.]]
[[File:19440816 soviet soldiers attack jelgava.jpg|thumb|Soviet soldiers fight in the streets of [[Jelgava]], summer 1944.]]
[[File:Medics helping injured soldier in France, 1944 - NARA - 535973.tif|thumb|American medics helping injured soldier in France, 1944.]]
* July&ndash;October &ndash; WWII: Germans are driven out of Lithuania leading to reimposition of the [[Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic]].
* [[July 1]] &ndash; The [[United Nations Monetary and Financial Conference]] begins at [[Bretton Woods, New Hampshire]], United States.
* [[July 3]] &ndash; WWII:
** Soviet troops liberate [[Minsk]].
** [[Battle of Imphal]]: Japanese forces call off their advance, ending the battle with a British victory.
* [[July 4]] &ndash; WWII: [[Operation Windsor]]: Canadian forces of the [[3rd Canadian Division|3rd Canadian Infantry Division]] attack [[Carpiquet]] airfield defended by German troops of the ''[[12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend]]'' of [[5th Panzer Army|Panzergruppe West]].
* [[July 6]] &ndash; WWII: At [[Camp Hood]], Texas, future baseball star and 1st Lt. [[Jackie Robinson]] is arrested and later [[court-martial]]ed, for refusing to move to the back of a segregated U.S. Army bus (he is eventually acquitted).
* [[July 9]] &ndash; WWII: British and Canadian forces capture [[Caen]].
* [[July 10]]–[[July 11|11]] &ndash; WWII: [[Operation Jupiter (1944)|Operation Jupiter]] during the Battle of Normandy of World War II: British strategic victory over German Panzer Corps.
* [[July 10]] &ndash; WWII: Soviet troops begin operations to liberate the [[Baltic states|Baltic countries]] from Nazi occupation.
* [[July 12]]&ndash;[[July 21|21]] &ndash; WWII: [[Dortan massacre]] &ndash; 35&ndash;36 French civilians are killed by ''[[Ostlegionen]]'' (Cossacks) serving with the ''[[Wehrmacht]]''.
* [[July 13]] &ndash; WWII: [[Vilnius]] is freed by Soviet forces.
* [[July 16]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Adolf Hitler]] departs [[Berchtesgaden]] for what will be the final time as he flies to the [[Wolf's Lair]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://books.stonebooks.com/wardiary/19440716/|title=War Diary for Sunday, 16 July 1944|website=Stone & Stone Second World War Books|access-date=2016-03-01}}</ref> aborting [[Operation Foxley]], a British plot to assassinate him.
** The first contingent of the [[Brazilian Expeditionary Force]] arrives in Italy.
* [[July 17]] &ndash; WWII:
** The largest convoy of the war embarks from [[Halifax Harbour]], [[Nova Scotia]], under [[Royal Canadian Navy]] protection.
** [[Port Chicago disaster]]: The SS ''E. A. Bryan'', loaded with ammunition, explodes at the [[Port Chicago, California]], Naval Magazine, killing 320 sailors and civilian personnel.
* [[July 18]] &ndash; WWII:
** American forces push back the Germans in [[Saint-Lô]], capturing the city.
** British forces launch [[Operation Goodwood]], an armoured offensive aimed at driving the Germans from the high ground to the south of [[Caen]]. The offensive ends 2 days later with minimal gains.
** [[Hideki Tōjō]] resigns as [[Prime Minister of Japan]] due to numerous setbacks in the war effort and is succeeded on [[July 22]] by [[Kuniaki Koiso]].
* [[July 20]]
** WWII: [[Adolf Hitler]] survives the [[20 July plot]] to assassinate him led by [[Claus von Stauffenberg]]; he and his fellow conspirators in this and [[Operation Valkyrie]] are executed the following day.
** The annular [[solar eclipse of July 20, 1944]] is visible in Africa, Indian Ocean, Asia, Pacific Ocean and Australia, and is the 35th solar eclipse of [[Solar Saros 135]].
* [[July 21]] &ndash; WWII:
** [[Battle of Guam (1944)|Battle of Guam]]: American troops land on [[Guam]] (the battle ends [[August 10]]).
** The Soviet-sponsored [[Polish Committee of National Liberation]] is created, in opposition to the [[Polish government-in-exile]].
* [[July 22]]
**The [[Bretton Woods Conference]] ends with agreements signed to set up the [[International Bank for Reconstruction and Development]], [[General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade]] and [[International Monetary Fund]].
**The new Polish Committee of National Liberation publishes the [[PKWN Manifesto]] in [[Chełm]], calling for a continuation of fighting against Nazi Germany, radical reforms including nationalisation of industry, and a "decent border in the West" (the [[Oder–Neisse line]]).
**''United States v. Masaaki Kuwabara'',<ref>56 F. Supp. 716 (N.D. Cal 1944).</ref> the only [[Japanese American]] draft avoidance case to be dismissed on a due process violation of the U.S. Constitution.
* [[July 23]] &ndash; [[The Holocaust]]: [[Majdanek concentration camp]] is liberated by the Soviet [[Red Army]] and much incriminating evidence of the atrocities committed there is found.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ww2db.com/battle_spec.php?battle_id=136|title=Discovery of Concentration Camps and the Holocaust|work=World War II Database}}</ref>
* [[July 25]] &ndash; WWII:
**[[Operation Spring]]: One of the bloodiest days for Canadian forces during the war results in 1,550 casualties, including 450 killed, during the [[Operation Overlord|Normandy Campaign]].
**[[Operation Cobra]]: American forces launch an air and ground offensive against the German defenders in western Normandy, forcing them to retreat.
**[[Battle of Tannenberg Line]] (or "Battle of the Blue Hills") in northeastern [[Estonia]] begins: The [[Red Army]] will gain a Pyrrhic victory by August 10.
* [[July 26]] &ndash; WWII: A [[Messerschmitt Me 262]] becomes the first [[Jet aircraft|jet]] [[fighter aircraft]] to have an operational victory.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Radinger|first1=Will|first2=Walter|last2=Schick|title=Me 262|language=de|location=Berlin|publisher=Avantic Verlag GmbH|year=1996|isbn=978-3-925505-21-8}}</ref>
* [[July 27]] &ndash; WWII: Soviet forces liberated [[Lvov]], [[Ivano-Frankivsk|Stanislav]] and [[Białystok]], and the following day entered [[Brest, Belarus|Brest]].
* [[July 30]] &ndash; WWII: [[Operation Bluecoat]]: British forces launch a ground offensive to secure the road junction of [[Vire]] and the high ground of [[Mont Pinçon]].
* [[July 31]] &ndash; WWII: American submarine {{USS|Parche|SS-384|6}} torpedoes Japanese troop transport ''[[Yoshino Maru]]''; 2,495 drown.<ref name="senbotsukisen"/>