Editing 1915 (section)

=== July ===
{{main|July 1915}}
* [[July]]
** WWI: [[South West Africa Campaign]] – The [[Union of South Africa]] occupies [[German South West Africa]] with assistance from Canada, the United Kingdom, the [[Portuguese Republic]] and [[Portuguese Angola]]. South Africa will occupy [[South West Africa]] until March [[1990]].
** [[Armenian genocide]]: 17,000 civilians from the [[Ottoman Armenian population]] of [[Trebizond during the Armenian genocide|Trebizond]] are massacred by Ottoman Turks.<ref name=Gilbert>{{cite book|last=Gilbert|first=Martin|author-link=Martin Gilbert|title=A History of the Twentieth Century|year=2009|publisher=Avon Books|location=New York|page=357}}</ref>
* [[July 1]] – WWI: In [[aerial warfare]], German fighter pilot [[Kurt Wintgens]] becomes the first person to shoot down another plane, using a [[machine gun]] equipped with [[synchronization gear]].
* [[July 7]]
** An extremely overloaded [[International Railway (New York–Ontario)]] [[Tram|trolleycar]] with 157 passengers crashes near [[Queenston, Ontario]], resulting in 15 casualties.
** [[Sinhalese people|Sinhalese]] militia captain [[Henry Pedris]] is executed in [[British Ceylon]] for inciting race riots, a charge later proved false; he becomes a hero of the [[Sri Lankan independence movement]].
* [[July 9]] – WWI: Theodore Seitz, governor of [[German South West Africa]], surrenders to General [[Louis Botha]], between [[Otavi]] and [[Tsumeb]].
* [[July 11]] – WWI: [[Battle of Rufiji Delta]] – German cruiser {{SMS|Königsberg|1905}} is forced to [[Scuttling|scuttle]] in the [[Rufiji River]], [[German East Africa]] (modern-day [[Tanzania]]).
* [[July 14]] – The [[McMahon–Hussein Correspondence]] between [[Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca]] and the British official [[Henry McMahon (diplomat)|Henry McMahon]] concerning the [[Arab revolt]] against the [[Ottoman Empire]] begins; in exchange for assistance against the Ottomans, the British offer bin Ali their recognition of an independent Arab kingdom, although clear terms are never agreed.<ref>{{cite book|isbn=978-0-141-01728-0|first=Avi|last=Shlaim|author-link=Avi Shlaim|title=Lion of Jordan|publisher=Penguin Books|location=London|year=2008|page=2}}</ref>
* [[July 22]] – WWI: The "[[Great Retreat (Russian)|Great Retreat]]" is ordered on the Eastern Front; Russian forces pull back out of Poland (at this time part of the Russian Empire), taking machinery and equipment with them.
* [[July 24]] – Steamer {{SS|Eastland||2}} capsizes in central Chicago, with the loss of 844 lives.
* [[July 28]] – The [[American occupation of Haiti]] (1915–34) begins.