Editing Ferdinand Marcos (section)

===Logging and deforestation===
{{Further|Deforestation in the Philippines}}

The Marcos administration marked a period of intense logging,<ref>{{cite book |last1=Colin |first1=Kahl |last2=Kahl |first2=Colin H. |title=States, Scarcity, and Civil Strife in the Developing World |year=2006 |publisher=Princeton University Press |isbn=978-0-691-12406-3 |page=85 |url={{Google books|plainurl=y|id=ltWfu4quplgC|page=85}} |access-date=January 22, 2021}}</ref> with commercial logging accounting for 5% of GDP product in the first half of the 1970s. This was the result of Japanese construction demand.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Dauvergne |first1=Peter |title=Shadows in the Forest: Japan and the Politics of Timber in Southeast Asia |year=1997 |publisher=MIT Press |isbn=978-0-262-54087-2 |pages=134–135 |url={{Google books|plainurl=y|id=wyXMKFa7kCcC|page=134}}}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |work=The Japan Environmental Council |title=The State of the Environment in Asia: 2002/2003 |date=December 6, 2012 |publisher=Springer Science & Business Media |isbn=978-4-431-67945-5 |url={{Google books|plainurl=y|id=ZPGPBAAAQBAJ|page=107}} |pages=106–107 |access-date=January 22, 2021}}</ref> Timber products became a top export, but little attention was paid to deforestation's  environmental impacts.<ref name="grafStaggering3">{{cite news|url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/1986/03/23/marcos-graft-staggering/|title=Marcos Graft Staggering – Investigators Trace Billions In Holdings|last=Crewdson|first=John|date=March 23, 1986|work=Chicago Tribune}}</ref><ref name="BoycePolEcoEnvironment">{{cite book|author=Boyce, James K.|title=The political economy of the environment|publisher=Edward Elgar Publishing|year=2002|isbn=978-1-84376-108-2|pages=43–44|url={{Google books|plainurl=y|id=izGVtg8KE-YC|page=43}}}}</ref>

In the early 1980s, forestry collapsed because most accessible forests had been depleted – of 12 million hectares of forestland, about 7 million had been harvested.<ref name="grafStaggering3"/><ref name="BoycePolEcoEnvironment"/> The rate of forest destruction was about {{convert|300000|ha}} per year during the 1960s and 1970s, such that by 1981, the [[Food and Agriculture Organization]] classified 2 million hectares of Philippine forests "severely degraded and incapable of regeneration".<ref name="ShairaDeforestation">{{Cite news |work=GMA News|last=Panela |first=Shaira |date=September 21, 2012 |title=Greener on the other side: Deforestation in the wake of Martial Law |url=https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/275014/scitech/science/greener-on-the-other-side-deforestation-in-the-wake-of-martial-law/ |url-status=live |access-date=June 11, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190110133740/https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/scitech/science/275014/greener-on-the-other-side-deforestation-in-the-wake-of-martial-law/story/ |archive-date=January 10, 2019}}</ref>