Editing Vojvodina (section)

===Habsburg rule===
====Hungarian Crown land (1699–1849)====
During the [[Great Serb Migrations|Great Serb Migration]], Serbs from Ottoman territories settled in the Habsburg monarchy at the end of the 17th century (in 1690).<ref>{{cite book |last1=DeLucia |first1=JoEllen |title=Migration and Modernities The State of Being Stateless, 1750-1850 |date=2018 |publisher=Edinburgh University Press |isbn=9781474440363 |page=156 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=gHoxEAAAQBAJ&dq=Great+Serbian+Migration,+Serbs+from+Ottoman+territories+settled+in+the+Habsburg+monarchy&pg=PA156}}</ref> Most settled in what is now Hungary, with the lesser part settling in western Vojvodina. All Serbs in the Habsburg monarchy gained the status of a recognized nation with extensive rights, in exchange for providing a border militia (in the [[Military Frontier]]) that could be mobilized against invaders from the south (such as the Ottomans), as well as in case of civil unrest in the Habsburg Kingdom of Hungary.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}} Wallachian Right became the point of reference in the 18th century for military settlement in lowland region. The Vlachs who settled there were actually mainly Serbs, although there were also Romanians while [[Aromanians]] lived in the urban areas.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Czamańska |first1=Ilona |title=The Vlachs – several research problems |journal=Balcanica Posnaniensia. Acta et studia |date=2015 |volume=22 |issue=1 |page=13 |doi=10.14746/bp.2015.22.1 |url=https://pressto.amu.edu.pl/index.php/bp/article/view/3895/0}}</ref>

At the beginning of Habsburg rule, most of the region was integrated into the Military Frontier, while western parts of Bačka were put under civil administration within the County of Bač. Later, the civil administration was expanded to other (mostly northern) parts of the region, while southern parts remained under military administration. The eastern part of this area was held again by the [[Ottoman Empire]] between 1787 and 1788, during the [[Russo-Turkish War (1787–1792)|Russo-Turkish War]]. In 1716, [[Vienna]] temporarily forbade settlement by Hungarians and Jews in the area, while large numbers of German speakers were settled in the region from Bavaria and southern areas, in order to repopulate it and develop agriculture. From 1782, [[Protestantism|Protestant]] Hungarians and [[ethnic Germans]] settled in larger numbers.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}}

[[File:Serbia and Vojvodina 1848.png|thumb|left|Proclaimed borders of Serbian Vojvodina at the May Assembly (1848) and autonomous Ottoman [[Principality of Serbia]]]]
During the [[Revolutions of 1848|1848–49 revolutions]], Vojvodina was a site of a war between Serbs and Hungarians, due to the opposite national conceptions of the two peoples. At the [[May Assembly]] in [[Sremski Karlovci]] (13–15 May 1848), Serbs declared the constitution of the ''[[Serbian Vojvodina|Serbian Voivodship]]'' (''Serbian Duchy''), a Serbian autonomous region within the [[Austrian Empire]]. The Serbian Voivodship consisted of Srem, Bačka, Banat, and [[Baranya (region)|Baranja]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Boarov |first1=Dimitrije |title=Na pravoj ili krivoj strani istorije |url=http://www.yurope.com/nasa-borba/arhiva/Maj98/1005/1005_2.HTM |website=Naša Borba |date=10 May 1997}}</ref>

The head of the [[Metropolitanate of Karlovci|metropolitanate of Sremski Karlovci]], [[Josif Rajačić]], was elected [[Patriarchate of Karlovci|patriarch]], while [[Stevan Šupljikac]] was chosen as first [[Voivode|voivod]] (duke). The ethnic war erupted violently in the area, with both sides committing atrocities against the civilian populations.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}}

====Austrian Crown land (1849–1860)====

Following the Habsburg-Russian and Serb victory over the Hungarians in 1849, a new administrative territory was created in the region in November 1849, in accordance with a decision made by the [[Austrian emperor]]. By this decision, the Serbian autonomous region created in 1848 was transformed into the new Austrian [[crown land]] known as '''[[Voivodeship of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar]]'''. It consisted of Banat, Bačka and Srem, excluding the southern parts of these regions which were part of the Military Frontier with significant Serbian populations.<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Storm |editor1-first=Eric |editor2-last=Núñez Seixas |editor2-first=Xosé M. |title=Regionalism and Modern Europe: Identity Construction and Movements from 1890 to the Present Day |date=2018 |publisher=Bloomsbury Publishing |isbn=9781474275217 |page=312 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9ll-DwAAQBAJ&dq=Voivodeship+of+Serbia+and+Banat+of+Temeschwar+excluded+southern+military+frontier&pg=PA312}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Stojkovski |editor1-first=Boris |title=Voyages and Travel Accounts in Historiography and Literature. Volume 2 Connecting the Balkans and the Modern World |date=2020 |publisher=Trivent Publishing |isbn=9786158179355 |page=132 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=t2ZsEAAAQBAJ&dq=Serbian++1848++Voivodeship+of+Serbia+and+Banat+of+Temeschwar&pg=PA132}}</ref> An Austrian governor seated in [[Timișoara|Temeschwar]] ruled the area, while the title of Voivod belonged to the [[Austrian Emperor|emperor]] himself. The full title of the [[Austrian Emperor|emperor]] was "[[Grosswojwod|Grand Voivod]] of the Voivodship of Serbia" (German: ''Großwoiwode der Woiwodschaft Serbien''). German and Serbian were the official languages of the crown land. In 1860, the new province was abolished and most of it (with exception of Syrmia) was again integrated into the Habsburg [[Kingdom of Hungary]].<ref>{{cite book |editor1-last=Parker |editor1-first=Joshua |editor2-last=Poole |editor2-first=Ralph J. |title=Austria and America: Cross-cultural Encounters 1865-1933 |date=2014 |publisher=Lit |isbn=9783643905765 |page=30 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VIi8BAAAQBAJ&dq=Voivodeship+of+Serbia+and+Banat+of+Temeschwar+abolished+1860&pg=PA30}}</ref>