Editing Vitiligo (section)

=== Classification ===

Classification attempts to quantify vitiligo have been analyzed as being somewhat inconsistent,<ref>{{cite book|chapter=Introduction|title=Vitiligo| veditors = Picardo M, Taïeb A |date=2009 |publisher=Springer |location=Berlin|isbn=978-3-540-69360-4}}</ref> while recent consensus has agreed to a system of segmental vitiligo (SV) and non-segmental vitiligo (NSV). NSV is the most common type of vitiligo.<ref name=Lancet2016 />

==== Non-segmental ====
In non-segmental vitiligo (NSV), there is usually some form of [[symmetry]] in the location of the patches of depigmentation. New patches also appear over time and can be generalized over large portions of the body or localized to a particular area. Extreme cases of vitiligo, to the extent that little pigmented skin remains, are referred to as ''vitiligo universalis''. NSV can come about at any age (unlike segmental vitiligo, which is far more prevalent in teenage years).<ref name="huggins"/>

Classes of non-segmental vitiligo include the following:

* Generalized vitiligo: the most common pattern, wide and randomly distributed areas of depigmentation<ref name="halder07">{{cite book | vauthors = Halder RM |chapter=Vitiligo | veditors = Fitzpatrick TB, Wolff K  |title=Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine |edition=7th |location=New York |publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-07-146690-5 }}</ref>
* Universal vitiligo: depigmentation encompasses most of the body<ref name="halder07"/>
* Focal vitiligo: one or a few scattered macules in one area, most common in children<ref name="halder07"/>
* Acrofacial vitiligo: fingers and periorificial areas<ref name="halder07"/>
* Mucosal vitiligo: depigmentation of only the mucous membranes<ref name="halder07"/>

==== Segmental ====

Segmental vitiligo (SV) differs in appearance, cause, and frequency of associated illnesses. Its treatment is different from that of NSV. It tends to affect areas of skin that are associated with [[dorsal root]]s from the [[spinal cord]] and is most often unilateral.<ref name=Lancet2016/><ref name=VanGeel2012/> It is much more stable/static in its course and its association with autoimmune diseases appears to be weaker than that of generalized vitiligo.<ref name=VanGeel2012>{{cite journal | vauthors = van Geel N, Mollet I, Brochez L, Dutré M, De Schepper S, Verhaeghe E, Lambert J, Speeckaert R | title = New insights in segmental vitiligo: case report and review of theories | journal = The British Journal of Dermatology | volume = 166 | issue = 2 | pages = 240–246 | date = February 2012 | pmid = 21936857 | doi = 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2011.10650.x | s2cid = 32746282 }}</ref> SV does not improve with topical therapies or UV light; however, surgical treatments such as cellular grafting can be effective.<ref name="huggins"/>