Editing Victoria line (section)

==Service and rolling stock==
[[File:1967 Tube Stock at Holborn.jpg|thumb|left|The line's original [[London Underground 1967 Stock|1967 Stock]] was used until mid-2011. It is seen here at {{stl|LUL|Holborn}} on a farewell tour.|alt=1967 stock at Holborn]]
About 200{{nbsp}}million passengers a year use the Victoria line.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/uk-england-london-45370362/london-underground-s-victoria-line-marks-50th-birthday|title=London Underground's Victoria Line marks 50th birthday|work=BBC News|date=1 September 2018|access-date=12 September 2018}}</ref> It is the sixth-most heavily used line on the network in absolute figures, but in terms of the average number of journeys per mile it is by far the most intensively used.<ref name="passenger numbers">{{cite web|url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/Performance_Data_Store_P2_2012-13_Issued(1).xlsm|title=LU Performance Data Almanac|publisher=[[Transport for London]]|access-date=1 August 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120803065342/http://www.tfl.gov.uk/assets/downloads/Performance_Data_Store_P2_2012-13_Issued%281%29.xlsm|archive-date=3 August 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> From May 2017, trains run every 100{{nbsp}}seconds during peak periods, providing 36 trains per hour.<ref>{{cite journal |author=Dan Templeton |url=https://www.railjournal.com/passenger/metros/new-victoria-line-timetable-increases-frequency/ |title=New Victoria Line timetable increases frequency |journal=International Railway Journal |date=26 May 2017 |access-date=14 July 2017}}</ref> All trains run from Brixton to Seven Sisters and some continue to Walthamstow Central.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.davros.org/rail/culg/victoria.html |title=Victoria Line – Services |work=Clive's Underground Line Guides |last=Feather |first=Clive |date=20 June 2017 |access-date=25 October 2018 |archive-date=25 October 2018 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025101237/https://www.davros.org/rail/culg/victoria.html}}</ref>
During off-peak periods, the Victoria line runs 27 trains per hour between Brixton and Walthamstow Central.<ref>{{cite web | title=Victoria line timetable | website=Transport for London | url=https://tfl.gov.uk/tube/timetable/victoria?FromId=940GZZLUBXN&fromText=Brixton+Underground+Station&toText=Oxford+Circus+Underground+Station&ToId=940GZZLUOXC&SelectedTime=11 | access-date=17 January 2025}}</ref>

When the line opened, services were operated by a fleet of {{frac|39|1|2}} eight-car trains of [[London Underground 1967 Stock|1967 Tube Stock trains]]. In the early planning stages, an articulated type of [[rolling stock]] was considered, but not progressed because of difficulties transferring the stock to Acton Works for heavy overhauls.{{sfn|Day|1969|p=81}} After Acton Works closed, this no longer applies. The [[London Underground 2009 Stock|2009 tube stock]] has a wider profile and slightly longer carriages which precludes it from running on other deep-level tube lines. The 1967 stock was supplemented by [[London Underground 1972 Stock|1972 Mark I Tube Stock]], transferred from the [[Northern line]] and converted to be compatible with the 1967 stock.{{sfn|Hardy|2002|pp=10,12}}

Replacement of the 1967 rolling stock began in July 2009.<ref name="TfL_transform">{{cite web |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/projectsandschemes/18092.aspx |title=Tube Upgrade Plan: Victoria line |access-date=19 June 2011 |publisher=Transport for London |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110619101442/http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/projectsandschemes/18092.aspx |archive-date=19 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://tfl.gov.uk/corporate/transparency/freedom-of-information/foi-request-detail?referenceId=FOI-0876-1718|title=Information on Cooling the Tube – temperature monitoring|publisher=Transport for London|date=3 October 2017|access-date=23 October 2018}}</ref> The 2009 Tube Stock fleet of 47 eight-car trains was built by [[Bombardier Transportation]].<ref name="waboso">{{cite news |title=Transforming the tube |author=Waboso, David |work=Modern Railways |location=London |date=December 2010 |pages=42–45}}</ref> Testing the first prototypes began in 2008. The trains began to be introduced in 2009 and most were in operation by the following year. The last of the 1967 stock trains ran on 30 June 2011, after which the entire service was provided by 2009 stock.<ref name="rail20110811">{{cite news |title=Final 1960s stock withdrawn from Victoria Line |work=Rail |location =Peterborough |page=14 |date=10 August 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/wVpPWlFEhd0 |archive-date=11 December 2021 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wVpPWlFEhd0 |title=Londonist Ltd – Last 1967 Victoria Line Train |website=[[YouTube]] |date=3 July 2011 |access-date=23 October 2018 }}{{cbignore}}</ref>

On opening, the line was equipped with a fixed-block [[Automatic train operation|Automatic Train Operation]] system (ATO). The train operator closed the train doors and pressed a pair of "start" buttons and, if the way ahead was clear, the ATO drives the train at a safe speed to the next station. At any point, the driver could switch to manual control if the ATO failed.<ref name=times19680902/> The system, which operated until 2012, made the Victoria line the world's first full-scale automatic railway.{{refn|Although the system was tested on the Tube on a smaller scale before that, initially on a short section of the [[District line]]; then a larger trial was carried out on the [[Central line (London Underground)|Central line]] between [[Woodford tube station|Woodford]] and [[Hainault tube station|Hainault]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Driverless metros poised to expand |url=http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view//driverless-metros-poised-to-expand.html |work=[[Railway Gazette International]] |date=1 March 2000 |access-date=25 October 2007 |quote=These trials matured into 'attended ATO'. London's Victoria line was the first into revenue service on 1 September 1968, with Philadelphia's Lindenwold line close behind in January 1969. |archive-date=23 October 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121023234730/http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/driverless-metros-poised-to-expand.html}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.trainweb.org/tubeprune/Victoria%20Line%20ATO.htm |title=Automatic Train Operation on the Victoria Line |work=The Tube Professionals' Rumour Network |access-date=6 September 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite hansard |url=https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld199798/ldhansrd/vo980225/text/80225-09.htm |title=House of Lords Hansard for 25 Feb 1998 (pt 9) |house=House of Lords |column=747 |date=25 February 1998}}</ref>|group=note}}

The Victoria line runs faster trains than other Underground lines because it has fewer stops, ATO running and modern design.{{sfn|Martin|2012|p=236}}{{sfn|HMSO|1959|p=12}} Train speeds can reach up to {{convert|50|mph}}. A common method used by north London residents to visit the West End is to take the Northern line Bank branch, change platforms at Euston, and continue on faster Victoria line trains.<ref name=victoriacut/>{{sfn|Martin|2012|p=236}} In the 2010s, the original signalling was replaced with a more modern ATO system from [[Westinghouse Rail Systems]] incorporating 'Distance to Go Radio' and more than 400 track circuits. London Underground claimed it was the world's first ATO-on-ATO upgrade.<ref name=TfL_transform/><ref name="waboso"/><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/victoria-line-heads-metronet-renewal.html|title=Victoria line heads Metronet renewal|work=Railway Gazette|date=1 August 2003|access-date=24 August 2018}}</ref> The new signalling system allowed a revised timetable to be introduced in February 2013, allowing up to 33 trains per hour instead of 27.<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/media/newscentre/archive/27143.aspx |title= Victoria line customers have most intensive train service in the country |publisher= Transport for London |date=4 February 2013 |access-date=23 October 2018 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131214122134/http://www.tfl.gov.uk/corporate/media/newscentre/archive/27143.aspx |archive-date=14 December 2013}}</ref> In combination with new, faster trains, the line's capacity increased by 21%, equivalent to an extra 10,000 passengers per hour.<ref name=TfL_transform/><ref name="rail20110811"/> By 2019, the line was running around 36 trains per hour at peak times, with a train arriving every 100{{nbsp}}seconds – making it one of the most frequent rapid transit lines in the world.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morgan |first=Dick Murray, Ben |date=30 May 2019 |title=Queues slashed as Victoria line trains begin running every 100 seconds |url=https://www.standard.co.uk/news/transport/victoria-line-trains-now-run-every-100-seconds-making-it-the-second-most-frequent-line-in-the-world-a3544946.html |access-date=16 June 2024 |website=Evening Standard |language=en}}</ref>